MoneyHub NZ
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  • Investing
    • Investing Platforms
      • Reviews
        • Sharesies Review
        • Hatch Review
        • Stake Review
          • Stake Black Review
        • Tiger Brokers (NZ) Review
        • Superhero Review
        • BlackBull Markets Share Trading Platform Review
        • ASB Securities Review
        • Invest Direct Review
        • InvestNow Review
        • Kernel Review
        • Interactive Brokers
        • Smart Review
        • Catalist Review
      • Comparisons
        • Sharesies vs Hatch vs Stake
        • Kernel vs Smart
        • Hatch vs Stake
        • Hatch vs Tiger Brokers
        • Sharesies vs Tiger Brokers
        • Stake vs Tiger Brokers
        • Comparing Sharesies vs Investnow vs Hatch vs Invest Direct and more
        • Best Investment Apps
        • How Do I Start Investing?
        • Virtual Stocks and Shares Trading Games
      • Guides
        • How to Invest in Shares
        • Investing in Vanguard Funds from New Zealand
        • Investing in the US Stock Market from New Zealand
          • How To Buy Tesla Shares
          • How To Buy Apple Shares
          • How To Buy Amazon Shares
          • How To Buy Alphabet Shares
          • How To Buy Netflix Shares
          • How To Buy Microsoft Shares
          • How To Buy Meta Shares
        • US Extended Hours Trading Explained
        • What Happens If Your Investing Platform Shuts Down?
        • Fractional Shares
        • Transferring Share Portfolios
        • How to Read and Understand a Share Chart
        • NZX in a Nutshell
        • Investing in the ASX from New Zealand
        • Investing in Asian Markets from New Zealand
        • Understand Gross vs Net
        • How to Attend the 2026 Berkshire Hathaway Annual Shareholders Meeting
    • Introduction to Investing
      • Guides
        • Index Funds
        • ETFs (Exchange Traded Funds)
        • Cash Funds
        • Index Funds vs ETFs
        • 10 Ways to Invest in New Zealand
        • Compound Interest Explained
        • How to Invest Regularly
        • Passive Investing vs Active Investing
        • Investments You Can Own Forever
        • Investing Mistakes
        • Investing in the S&P 500 from New Zealand
        • Best Retirement Income Products in New Zealand
        • Shares vs ETFs
        • Dollar Cost Averaging Guide
        • Margin Lending and Loans Explained
        • Borrowing to Invest in Property, Shares or Funds
        • Passive Income Strategies
        • How Wealthy New Zealanders Invest Their Money
        • The Best Way to Invest Inheritance or a Windfall
        • Barefoot Investor-Friendly Financial Products in New Zealand
        • Investment Terms Glossary
        • IPOs
        • Investing in Dividend Shares
        • Common Shareholder Numbers in New Zealand
        • Shorting a Stock
        • Investing vs Trading vs Gambling
        • Investment Strategies for the Time-Poor
        • Advanced Trading Concepts
        • New and Emerging Investment Opportunities and Trends
      • Young People and Investing
        • Investing for Kids
        • Investing For Grandchildren
        • 10 Top Investments for Young New Zealanders
        • Sharesies Kids Accounts Review
        • SquareOne Review
        • Dosh Review
      • Investing Calculators
        • Term Deposit Calculator
        • Compound Interest Calculator
        • Investment Calculator
        • Savings Calculator
        • Net Worth Calculator
        • Million Dollar Calculator
    • Managed Funds, Tax & DIY Investing
      • Guides
        • Investing Guide
        • Managed Funds
          • Pie Funds Management Review
          • Booster Private Land and Property Fund Review
          • AMP Managed Funds Review
        • Our Favourite Managed Funds
        • Advisers
          • Financial Advisers Overview
          • DIY Investing vs Investment Brokerage Firms vs Financial Advisors
          • Financial Advisers Auckland
          • Financial Advisers Wellington
          • Financial Advisers Christchurch
        • Bank Credit Ratings
        • Tax on Investments and Savings
        • Capital Gains Tax
        • Bright-Line Test
        • Ethical Investing
        • Best ESG Funds
        • Asset Allocations to Build Wealth
        • Managing Offshore Investments for Returning New Zealanders and Migrants
        • How to Buy and Sell Bonds
        • Buying NZ Corporate Bonds
        • Trading in a Nutshell
        • Peer to Peer Lending
        • Crowdfunding Guide
        • REITs Guide
        • Jasper Review
        • Investing & Personal Finance Podcasts
        • Emergency Funds
        • UK Pension Transfer to New Zealand
        • Returning to the UK from NZ
        • Spending Your Savings in Retirement
        • How to Take Income from Investments
        • What Am I Entitled to If My UK Pension Scheme or Provider Makes a Mistake?
        • Investment Scams
        • Investing in Recession-Proof Sectors and Asset Classes During a Downturn
        • Hedging Investments
        • Top Personal Finance Books for New Zealanders
        • Top Ten Personal Finance Resources
      • Reviews
        • Simplicity Investment Funds Review
        • Lending Crowd Review
        • Squirrel Review
        • Sharesight Review
        • Lifetime Retirement Income
        • New Zealand Financial Markets Authority (FMA)
      • Calculators
        • Managed Funds Fee Calculator
        • Basis Points Calculator
        • Inflation Calculator
        • Retirement Calculator New Zealand
    • Alternative Investments and Trading
      • Reviews
        • BlackBull Markets Review
        • CMC Markets Review
        • Plus500 Review
        • IG Review
        • TMGM Review
        • CMC Markets vs Plus500 vs IG Markets vs BlackBull Markets
      • Guides
        • How to Invest in Gold
        • How to Invest in Silver
        • Forex Trading Guide
          • Forex Trading Platforms Comparison
          • Forex Trading Tools
          • Forex Trading Courses and Education
          • Forex Regulation
        • Options Trading
        • Contracts for Difference (CFDs) Guide
        • Futures Trading
        • Commodities Trading
        • Copy Trading
      • Cryptocurrency
        • Reviews
          • Easy Crypto Review
          • Swyftx Review
          • Binance Review
          • Easy Crypto vs Swyftx
          • NZDD Review
          • Independent Reserve Review
          • eToro Review
          • Coinbase Review
          • Kiwi-Coin Bitcoin Exchange Review
          • Vault International Bitcoin Fund Review
        • Guides
          • How to Buy Bitcoin in New Zealand
          • Beginner's Guide to Bitcoin and Blockchain
          • Stablecoins
          • Guide to NFTs
          • Bitcoin Wallet Guide
          • Bitcoin Mining
          • How to Sell Bitcoin
          • Bitcoin and Crypto Scams
          • Initial Coin Offerings
          • A Beginner’s Guide to Investing in Cryptocurrencies
          • Decentralised Finance
          • Bitcoin in New Zealand
          • New Zealand Bitcoin Exchanges
          • How to Buy Ethereum in New Zealand
          • Other Coins
            • How to Buy Ripple in New Zealand
            • How to Buy Cardano in New Zealand
            • How to Buy Dogecoin in New Zealand
            • How to Buy Litecoin in New Zealand
            • How to Buy Polkadot in New Zealand
  • Loans & Finance
    • Car Finance
      • Car Finance Calculator
      • Electric Vehicle Loans
      • How to Refinance Your Car Loan
      • Car Loan Refinance Calculator
      • Car Dealership Finance vs Alternatives
      • Motorcycle and Moped Loans
      • Motorcycle and Moped Loan Calculator
      • Asset Finance
      • Asset Finance Repayment Calculator
      • Business Vehicle Loans
      • Bad Credit Car Loans
      • Car Loan Brokers vs Direct Car Finance
      • Car Loan Amortisation Calculator
      • Car Finance Company Reviews
        • Simplify Loans Review
        • Toyota Finance Review
        • Mazda Finance Review
        • MTF Finance Review
        • AA Money Review
        • Better Finance Review
        • Kiwi Car Loans Review
        • Lending People Review
        • Driva Car Loans Review
      • Car Finance Must-Knows Guides
        • Buying a Car Loan vs Personal Loan?
        • Car Loans and Collateral
        • Car Loan Guarantors
        • How to Save for a Car
        • Paying Cash for a Car vs Car Finance
        • Balloon Payments
        • Boat Financing Calculator
      • Car Finance Add-On Insurance Guides
        • GAP (Guaranteed Asset Protection Insurance) Insurance
        • Compare Mechanical Breakdown Insurance
        • PPI (Payment Protection Insurance)
    • Personal Loans
      • Debt Consolidation Loans
      • Secured Loans
      • Green Loans
      • Home Renovation Loans
      • Online Loans
      • Bad Credit Loans
      • Beneficiary Loans
      • Payday Loans
      • Cash Advance
      • Same Day Loans
      • Low Income Loans
      • Personal Loan Calculator
      • Debt Consolidation Calculator
      • The Dangers of Debt Consolidation
      • Refinance Personal Loan Calculator
      • Home Renovation Loan Calculator
      • Interest Calculator
      • Harmoney Loans Review
      • Nectar Review
      • Avanti Finance Review
      • Save My Bacon Review
    • Credit Scores & Interest Rates
      • Credit Scores and Credit Checks
      • How to Build Credit in New Zealand
      • How to Pay Down Debt Faster
      • Baycorp and Debt Collection
      • Interest Rates Guide
      • Interest Rate Comparison
      • Buy Now Pay Later Apps
        • Afterpay Review
        • Laybuy Review
        • Humm Review
        • Zip Review
  • Insurance
    • Compare Insurance
      • Compare Car Insurance
      • Car Insurance by Vehicle
        • Compare Toyota Aqua Insurance Costs
        • Compare Toyota Corolla Insurance Costs
        • Compare Toyota Hilux Insurance Costs
        • Compare Mazda2 and Demio Insurance Costs
        • Compare Ford Ranger Insurance Costs
        • Compare Nissan Navara Insurance Costs
        • Compare Subaru Legacy Insurance Costs
      • Reviews & Policy Comparisons
        • AMI vs AMP vs AA Insurance vs Cove vs State vs Tower vs Trade Me Insurance
        • Cove Car Insurance Review
        • Tower Car Insurance Review
        • Young Driver Car Insurance
        • Trade Me Car Insurance Review
        • Caravan Insurance
      • Car Insurance Guides
        • Third Party Car Insurance
        • How to Get Cheaper Car Insurance
        • Car Insurance Calculator
        • No Claims Bonuses Explained
        • Car Insurance Excess Explained
        • Cheapest Cars to Insure
        • Modifications that Make a Car Uninsurable
        • Car Insurers Directory
        • Car Insurance Glossary
        • Most Stolen Cars
    • Home, Contents and Other Insurance
      • House Insurance
      • House Insurance Calculator
      • Difficult to Insure Areas
      • Sum Insured Explained
      • Is Your Home an Insurance Risk?
      • Average Cost of Car, House, and Contents Insurance
      • Insuring Old Houses
      • Contents Insurance
      • Home and Contents Insurance
      • Renters' Insurance
      • Landlord Insurance
      • Dental Insurance and Dentist Plans
      • Phone Insurance
      • Insurance Excess
      • Insurance Company Financial Strength Ratings
      • Motorbike Insurance
      • Initio Review
      • Insurance Brokers
        • Trusted Insurance Brokers in Wellington
        • Trusted Insurance Brokers in Christchurch
    • Compare Pet Insurance
      • Is Pet Insurance Worth Buying?
      • Cat and Dog Desexing
      • Getting a Kitten
      • Buying a Puppy
      • Pet Euthanasia
      • Vet Costs in New Zealand
      • Dog Vaccination Schedule and Costs
      • Costs of Owning a Cat
      • Costs of Owning a Dog
    • Students Insurance
    • Life & Health Insurance
      • Life Insurance
        • Life Insurance Policy Comparison - Cigna vs AIA vs Asteron Life vs Fidelity vs Westpac vs Partners Life
        • Stepped vs Level Life Insurance
        • Life Insurance Calculator
        • Pre-Existing Medical Conditions
        • Buying Life Insurance Direct vs Using an Insurance Broker
        • Life Insurance Policies - Features and Questions to Ask
        • When To Cancel Or Change a Life Insurance Policy
        • Life Insurance For Smokers and Vapers
      • Health Insurance
        • Going to Australia for Medical Treatment
        • BMI Calculator New Zealand
      • Income Protection Insurance
        • ACC vs Income Protection Insurance
        • Income Protection Insurance for Self Employed
      • Mortgage Insurance
      • Trauma Insurance
      • Redundancy Insurance
      • Funeral Insurance
        • What to Do When a Spouse or Partner Dies
        • Funeral Costs
  • Credit Cards
    • Best Credit Cards
    • Rewards and Cashback Credit Cards
    • Credit Cards That Earn Business Class Flights
    • The Best American Express Credit Cards
    • Air New Zealand Airpoints Credit Cards
      • ANZ vs AMEX vs Kiwibank vs Westpac Platinum Airpoints Credit Cards
      • ANZ Airpoints Visa Platinum vs AMEX Airpoints Platinum
      • Kiwibank Airpoints Platinum Visa vs AMEX Airpoints Platinum
      • Westpac Airpoints Platinum Mastercard vs AMEX Airpoints Platinum
    • Balance Transfer Credit Cards
    • Platinum and Gold Credit Cards
    • Frequent Flyer Credit Cards
    • Travel Credit Cards
    • Interest Free Credit Cards
    • Virtual Debit and Credit Cards
    • Credit Cards That Provide Travel Insurance
    • Reviews
      • American Express Credit Cards Review
        • American Express Airpoints Platinum Review
        • American Express Gold Rewards Card Review
        • American Express Gold Business Card Review
        • AMEX Comparison - Airpoints Platinum vs Gold Rewards
        • Where is AMEX Accepted?
        • American Express Free Card vs Airpoints Platinum
        • American Express Platinum Card Review
        • American Express Membership Rewards Program Review
        • AMEX Cardholder Feedback
        • Valuing AMEX Membership Rewards Points
        • AMEX Dining Collection Program Review
        • The Best Ways to Spend AMEX Membership Rewards Points
        • Qantas Credit Cards
        • Qatar Airways Credit Cards
        • Singapore Airlines KrisFlyer Credit Cards
        • Cathay Pacific Asia Miles Credit Cards
        • Emirates Skywards Credit Cards
        • RewardPay Review
      • Flight Centre Mastercard Review
    • Guides
      • Pay Off Credit Card Debt
      • Credit Card Basics
      • Mastercard vs Visa
      • Credit Card Minimum Payments Explained
      • Credit Card Interest Calculator
      • Credit Card Debt Amortisation Calculator
      • How to Request a Credit Card Chargeback
    • Other Credit Cards
      • Best Foreign Currency Debit & Credit Cards
      • Free Credit Cards
      • Low Interest Credit Cards
      • Credit Cards for Bad Credit
      • Q Card & Q Mastercard Review
      • GEM Visa Review
      • Onecard Visa Review
      • Purple Visa Review
  • Travel Money Cards
    • Travel Money Card Reviews and Comparisons
      • Wise Debit Card Review
      • Revolut Review
      • Revolut vs Wise - Which Is Better?
      • Travelex Money Card vs Wise Debit Card Comparison
      • OneSmart Card vs Wise Debit Card Comparison
      • Cash Passport vs Wise Debit Card Comparison
    • Travel Money By Country
      • Top Travel Destinations Where the NZD is Strong Right Now
      • Australia Travel Money
      • Bali Travel Money
      • Canada Travel Money
      • Europe Travel Money
      • Fiji Travel Money
      • Japan Travel Money
      • Rarotonga Travel Money
      • Singapore Travel Money
      • Thailand Travel Money
      • USA Travel Money
      • UK Travel Money
      • United Arab Emirates Travel Money
  • Banking & Savings
    • Banking
      • Best Bank Accounts
      • Best Debit Cards
      • Best Joint Bank Accounts
      • Kids Bank Accounts
      • Cut Overdraft Costs
      • Private Banking
      • Open an Australian Bank Account from New Zealand
      • Open a UK Bank Account from New Zealand
    • Savings
      • Best Term Deposits
      • Best Notice Saver Accounts
      • Booster Savvy Review
      • Booster Savvy Analytics Review
      • Best PIE Term Deposits
      • Best Call Accounts
      • Best Savings Accounts
      • Term Deposit Alternatives
    • Guides and Resources
      • Banks vs Credit Unions
      • Open Banking Explained
      • NZ Bank Prefix Codes
    • Reviews
      • Wise Money Transfer Review
      • Heartland Bank Review
      • First Credit Union Review
      • NZCU Baywide Review
      • The Co-operative Bank NZ Review
      • Western Union Review
  • Mortgages
    • Mortgage Essentials
      • Best Home Loans
      • Mortgage Calculator
      • How Much Can I Borrow?
      • Debt to Income Ratios
      • Equity (and Leverage) Calculator
      • Mortgage Repayment Calculator
      • Mortgage Options
      • Mortgage Cashback
    • Other Mortgage Options
      • Interest-Only Mortgages Guide
      • Interest-Only Mortgage Calculator
      • Revolving Credit Mortgages
      • Offset Mortgages
      • Offset Mortgage Calculator
      • Fixed vs Floating Mortgage Rate Calculator
      • Understanding Interest Rate Swaps
      • What is the OCR?
    • Alternative Mortgage Options
      • Low-Deposit Home Loans
      • Rent to Own Homes
      • First Home Loan Guide
      • Reverse Mortgages
      • Lifetime Home Review
    • Mortgage Management
      • Saving for a House Deposit
      • Saving for a House Deposit as a Young Professional
      • Buying a Home with Family and Friends
      • Pay Off Your Mortgage Faster
      • Mortgage Overpayment Calculator
      • What To Do if You Bought a House at the Peak of the New Zealand Market
      • Tips for Seniors Renting or Paying Down a Mortgage
      • Remortgaging Guide
      • Mortgage Relief and Holidays
      • Amortisation Calculator
      • Mortgage Break Fees
      • Defaulting on a Mortgage
      • High Deposit Mortgages
      • Negative Equity
      • How to Manage Higher Mortgage Payments
      • Mortgage Refinance Calculator
    • Mortgage Brokers
      • Mortgage Brokers Explained
      • Trusted Auckland Mortgage Brokers
      • Trusted Hamilton Mortgage Brokers
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers in Tauranga
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers in Napier and Hastings
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers in Wellington
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers on the Kapiti Coast
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers in Christchurch
      • LifeDirect Mortgages Review
    • Buying a Home
      • First Home Buyers Checklist
      • Home Buying Glossary
      • Best House Price & Valuation Websites in New Zealand
      • New Zealand Property Types
      • Rateable Value vs Market Value
      • Leasehold Property Guide
      • Conveyancing vs Lawyers
      • Buying an Apartment in New Zealand
      • Buying vs Renting a House
    • Selling a Home
      • How to Sell Your House Privately
      • Real Estate Agent Fees
      • Bridging Finance
    • Property Investment
      • Investment Property Mortgages
      • Renting Directly to Tenants vs Using an Agent
      • Interest Deductibility Changes
    • Building a House
      • Average Building Cost Per Square Metre
      • Cost to Build a New House
      • Buying Land to Build a House
      • Construction Loans
      • Tiny Homes in New Zealand
  • KiwiSaver
    • KiwiSaver Basics
      • Free $500+ Government Money for KiwiSaver
      • Our Favourite KiwiSaver Funds
      • Is KiwiSaver Safe?
      • Choosing a KiwiSaver Fund
      • How Aggressive Should KiwiSaver Be
      • Choosing Your KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Balanced vs Moderate vs Growth KiwiSaver Funds - What is right for me?
      • KiwiSaver Must-Know Facts
      • Opting out of KiwiSaver
      • What Do I Do With My KiwiSaver When I Retire?
      • KiwiSaver Withdrawal
      • Merging KiwiSaver and Australian Super Balances
      • Switching KiwiSaver Funds
      • KiwiSaver Robo and Digital Advice Tools
      • Ethical Kiwisaver Funds
      • KiwiSaver Private Equity Investments
    • KiwiSaver Contributions & Tax
      • Your KiwiSaver Contributions
      • KiwiSaver Contributions - Gross or Net?
      • Employer KiwiSaver Contributions
      • Government KiwiSaver Contributions
      • KiwiSaver Savings Suspensions
      • Voluntary Contributions
      • What's My PIR?
      • KiwiSaver and Tax
    • KiwiSaver for Life Events and Specific Situations
      • Average KiwiSaver Balance by Age
      • KiwiSaver First-Home Withdrawal
      • KiwiSaver First Home Grant Guide
      • KiwiSaver Hardship Applications
      • KiwiSaver in a Divorce or Separation
      • KiwiSaver for Kids
    • KiwiSaver Schemes
      • Amanah KiwiSaver Scheme
      • AMP KiwiSaver Scheme
      • ANZ KiwiSaver Scheme
      • ASB KiwiSaver Scheme
      • AON KiwiSaver Scheme
      • BNZ KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Booster KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Fisher Funds KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Generate KiwiSaver Scheme
      • InvestNow KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Pie KiwiSaver Scheme Review
      • Kernel KiwiSaver Review
      • Kernel KiwiSaver Plan vs Superlife KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Kiwi Wealth KiwiSaver Scheme
      • kōura Wealth KiwiSaver Review
      • SBS Wealth KiwiSaver Scheme Review
      • MAS KiwiSaver Scheme
        • MAS Review
      • Mercer KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Milford KiwiSaver Plan
      • New Zealand Defence Force KiwiSaver Scheme
      • GoalsGetter KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Pathfinder KiwiSaver Review
      • QuayStreet KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Simplicity KiwiSaver Review
      • Summer KiwiSaver Scheme
      • SuperLife Review
      • Westpac KiwiSaver Scheme
    • KiwiSaver Calculators
      • KiwiSaver Calculator
      • KiwiSaver Returns Calculator
  • Business
    • Compare Business Loans
      • Business Line of Credit
      • Business Borrowing Options
      • Small Business Loans
      • Operating Leases
      • Finance Leases
      • Operating Leases vs Financing Leases
      • Car Loan Repayment Calculator
      • Prospa Business Loans Review
      • Bizcap Business Loans Review
      • Taxi (Business Funding) Review
    • Business Insurance
      • Public Liability Insurance
      • Professional Indemnity Insurance
      • Business Interruption Insurance
    • Wise Business Account Review
    • Business Credit Cards
    • Business Essentials
      • Money Saving Tips For Businesses
      • Get Debtors to Pay Overdue Invoices
      • Working Capital
      • Liquidations and Receiverships
      • Can't Make Payroll Guide
      • Buying out a Business Partner
      • Business Brokers
    • PAYE & Taxes
      • PAYE Calculator
      • PAYE Tax Rates 2025 & 2026
      • Minimum Wage
      • Tax Codes in New Zealand
    • Business Calculators & Resources
      • GST Calculator
      • GST Due Dates 2025
      • Business Loan Calculator
      • ROI Calculator
      • IRR Calculator
      • Internal Rate of Return
      • Percent Off Calculator
      • Profit Margin Calculator
      • Current Ratio Calculator
      • Quick Ratio Calculator
    • Online Services
      • Domain Names
      • Trusted Web Designers
        • Auckland Web Designers
        • Hamilton Web Designers
        • Wellington Web Designers
        • Christchurch Web Designers
        • Tauranga Web Designers
        • Lower Hutt Web Designers
        • Dunedin Web Designers
      • Digital Identity Programs and Online Verification Tools
      • Trusted Auckland SEO Companies
      • Social Media Influencer Marketing
      • PayPal NZ Account Fees
      • Paypal vs Stripe Review
      • Hnry Review
      • n3 Trade Card Review
      • Plain English Awards
      • Retail Security Options and Costs
    • For Startups
      • How to Start a Business in New Zealand
      • Raising Capital
      • Product Market Fit
      • Crowdfunding vs Bank Financing
      • Blackbird vs Movac
      • How to Become an Angel Investor
      • How to Raise Money from Angel Investors
      • Alternatives to VC Funding
      • Hiring for a Startup
      • VCFO (Virtual CFO)
      • New Zealand Startup and Founder Incubators
      • Expanding Offshore
      • New Zealand Invoice Template
      • Business Podcasts
  • MSD
    • Navigating Work and Income Benefits
    • Jobseeker Support Benefit Rates 2025 and 2026
    • Jobseeker Support Guide
    • Accommodation Supplement Guide
    • SuperGold Card Review
    • Disability Allowance
    • MyMSD
    • Community Services Card
    • Hardship Assistance - Urgent Costs and Living Expense Assistance
    • Loans for Unemployed
    • Working for Families Guide
    • Childcare Subsidies in New Zealand
    • Super Rates 2025 and 2026
    • NZ Superannuation in a Nutshell
    • Government Departments Helping New Zealanders Directly
    • Food Grants Guide
    • Food Banks Directory
      • Food Banks Auckland
      • Food Banks Northland
      • Food Banks Hamilton Waikato
      • Food Banks Wellington
      • Food Banks Christchurch
  • Motoring
    • Buying and Selling a Car
      • Car Valuations
      • Buying a Used Car
      • Selling a Car
      • Turners Cars Review
      • CarJam Review
      • CarJam vs MotorWeb Car Report Comparison
      • Top Cars that Hold Their Value
      • Vehicle Leasing
      • Car Registration in New Zealand
      • The Women's Guide to Buying a Car
    • Car Dealerships Explained
    • Everyday Driving
      • Costs of Owning a Car
      • 20 Ways to Make Driving Cheaper
      • Gaspy App Review
      • Parking Tickets
      • AA Membership Review
      • Best Car Batteries
      • Best Electric Cars
      • Buyer’s Guide for the 2023 Toyota Hilux
      • Buyer’s Guide for the 2023 Toyota RAV4
      • Buyer’s Guide for the 2023 Ford Ranger
    • Warrant of Fitness
      • Guide to Warrant of Fitness
      • Warrant of Fitness Auckland
      • Warrant of Fitness Hamilton
      • Warrant of Fitness Tauranga
      • Warrant of Fitness Lower Hutt
      • Warrant of Fitness Wellington
      • Warrant of Fitness Christchurch
      • Warrant of Fitness Dunedin
  • Law
    • Wills Guide
    • Separation Agreements
    • Prenuptial Agreements
    • Divorce Guide
    • Trusts Guide
    • Enduring Power of Attorney Guide
    • Living Wills Guide
    • Probate
    • Agreeable Review
    • Footprint Online Wills Review
    • Perpetual Guardian
  • Travel
    • Moving Overseas
      • Working Holiday Visas
      • Working Holiday Visas for 30+ Year-Old New Zealanders
      • Moving to Australia
      • Moving to London
    • Air New Zealand Specific
      • Air NZ Upgrade Guide
      • How to Redeem Air New Zealand Airpoints Dollars
      • Fastest Way To Earn Air NZ Status Points
      • Air New Zealand Koru Membership Review
      • Airpoints Flexipay Guide
      • Air New Zealand Travel Tips
      • Air New Zealand Refunds & Credits
    • Lounges, Upgrades, Car Hire & More
      • How to Get Access to Airport Lounges
      • Air New Zealand Skycouch Review
      • No Nonsense Upgrade Guide
      • Car Rental Hire
      • Auckland Airport Car Parking
    • Best of New Zealand
      • Auckland Travel for Less
      • 100+ Free Things to do in Auckland
      • Queenstown Like a Local
    • Hotels & Dining
      • Accor Plus Review
      • First Table Guide
      • Hotel Booking Sites Compared
    • Foreign Currency Exchange
      • Currency Converter
      • Australian Dollars Exchange Rate
      • American Dollars Exchange Rate
      • British Pound Exchange Rate
      • Canadian Dollars Exchange Rate
      • Euro Exchange Rate
      • Fijian Dollars Exchange Rate
      • Hong Kong Dollar Exchange Rate
      • Korean Won Exchange Rate
      • Indian Rupee Exchange Rate
      • Japanese Yen Exchange Rate
      • Malaysian Ringgit Exchange Rate
      • South African Rand Exchange Rate
      • Singapore Dollars Exchange Rate
      • Thai Baht Exchange Rate
      • Chinese Yuan Exchange Rate
  • Travel Insurance
    • Compare Travel Insurance
    • AMEX Airpoints Platinum Travel Insurance Review
    • Travel Insurance by Destination
      • Australia and the Pacifc
        • Australia Travel Insurance
        • Fiji Travel Insurance
        • Rarotonga Travel Insurance
      • Asia
        • Bali Travel Insurance
        • China Travel Insurance
        • India Travel Insurance
        • Japan Travel Insurance
        • Malaysia Travel Insurance
        • Singapore Travel Insurance
        • South Korea Travel Insurance
        • Thailand Travel Insurance
        • Vietnam Travel Insurance
      • Americas & Africa
        • Canada Travel Insurance
        • Peru Travel Insurance
        • South Africa Travel Insurance
        • USA Travel Insurance
      • Europe
        • France Travel Insurance
        • Greece Travel Insurance
        • Italy Travel Insurance
        • UK Travel Insurance
    • Specific Risk Cover
      • Do I Need Travel Insurance?
      • Pregnancy Travel Insurance
    • Travel Insurer Reviews
      • Southern Cross Travel Insurance Review
      • AMI Travel Insurance Review
      • State Travel Insurance Review
    • Essential Information
      • Basic vs Comprehensive Travel Insurance
      • Health Insurance vs Travel Insurance
      • ACC vs Travel Insurance
      • Australia NZ Reciprocal Health Care Agreement
      • Travel Insurance Excess Explained
      • Claiming on Travel Insurance
      • How to Renew a New Zealand Passport
      • What is TAANZ?
      • Travel Packing List
      • Travel Insurers Directory
      • Travel Insurance Glossary
  • Mobile & SIM
    • Compare Mobile Plans
    • SIM Only Mobile Plans
    • eSIM Plans
    • Apple Watch Buying Guide
    • Spark Mobile Review
    • 2degrees Mobile Review
    • One NZ Mobile Review
    • Kiwi Mobile Review
    • Mobile Data Roaming
    • Saily Review
    • Best iPhone Plans
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Catalist Review - The Stock Exchange Providing Unrivalled Access to Small Cap New Zealand Companies

Our review of Catalist covers the small cap stock exchange's background, investment products, fees, competitors, pros, cons and must-know facts and disclosures.
Catalist Review NZ
Updated 24 October 2023

​Summary:
  • Catalist is the only licensed stock exchange in New Zealand besides the NZX.
  • Catalist gives investors access to New Zealand's growth businesses, i.e., businesses smaller than the average NZX-listed business but which may list on the NZX in the future. 
  • Catalist's licence allows retail investors access to opportunities that would otherwise only be available to "Wholesale" or wealthy investors.
  • Although investments in small cap businesses can involve higher risks, these businesses can also grow much faster than larger businesses. 
  • Catalist notes that you shouldn't invest 100% of your money in growth businesses; financial advisers often recommend that a portion of your portfolio be in these businesses to benefit from their larger growth potential. Catalist allows you to invest in growth businesses through a fully regulated market.

Catalist in a nutstell:
  • Head office: Parnell, Auckland
  • Market cap and listings: Over $600 million in market cap value for all their listed businesses and over 440 different offerings (as at October 2023, although many of the offerings are private). 
  • Share turnover: Over $45 million in transactions completed (as at October 2023, and since launching in mid 2021)
  • Notable listings: TBC

Our review explains everything you need to know about Catalist. We cover:
  • Know This First: What's the Difference between Catalist and the NZX?​
  • Understanding Catalist's Background and Its Attempt to Solve Illiquidity and Access to Capital Limitations
  • Investment Products Available
  • Understanding the Fee Structure and Platform Features
  • Catalist's Competitors - NZX, Wholesale Markets and Crowdfunding
  • Catalist in the Media 
  • Pros, Cons and Who is Suited to Catalist?
  • Frequently Asked Questions

NZX vs Catalist

Know This First: What's the Difference between Catalist and the NZX?

​There are two key differences:
  1. Catalist functions on a periodic auction basis rather than continuous trading like the NZX and most traditional stock exchange platforms. This means different investments are available at different times.
  2. You can invest directly through the Catalist platform rather than using a broker (such as Sharesies or ASB Securities, which are popular with NZX investors). Setting up an account directly with Catalist is similar to setting up an account with an online broker like Sharesies, Hatch or Stake.

​Periodic Auctions Explained:
  • Periodic Auctions open for a specified investment period, commonly a week for secondary trading or up to a couple of months for a business raising new capital. During this time, investors may submit their investment order or offer to sell if the auction allows secondary trading.
  • Once the period ends, all trades are executed as a single "batch trade" at a single price point. In secondary trading, the price is determined by the price at which the most volume would trade. All investors buy or sell at the same price at each periodic trading event. 
  • Periodic trading encourages investors to take a long-term view in their investment decisions, which benefits both businesses and investors. Catalist is a hybrid between a traditional stock exchange like NZX and wholesale platforms that let wealthy investors invest in earlier-stage businesses. As such, it contains three markets: 
    • Private – for businesses that want to facilitate trading out of the public eye.
    • Wholesale – for less regulated investments that are only available to wholesale investors.
    • Public – for fully regulated trading available to everyone.

Important: How Periodic Pricing is Designed to Deliver Fairer Pricing
It's logical to perceive periodic trading as a limitation because they cannot transact whenever they choose. However, for growth business investments that don't trade regularly, periodic auctions tend to produce a fairer price for all investors – and, therefore, may encourage more trading (liquidity).
In a continuously traded market, the costs for investors trading small cap investments can be very high. Aside from the risk of getting a price that doesn't reflect the true value of the shares, the economic costs include:
  • Large bid-ask spreads.
  • High commission.
  • Significant market impact of individual orders.
  • The susceptibility of orders to 'front-running'.

Front running is where other investors take advantage of the temporary price movement a large order may cause to the detriment of the investor who made that order. This can discourage investors from trading, making liquidity even worse.

Periodic auctions are one of Catalist's key features in maintaining a fair and orderly market. They not only help to make investing simple but they're also designed to incorporate sophisticated protections that automatically enhance fairness for investors. Examples include:
  • All investors get the same price at the end of each auction – calculated from the total supply and demand.
  • 'Sniping' is minimised – where a bidder submits a new best price in the last seconds of an auction to try to get ahead of other bidders – through a pre-closing period (during which investors can only improve existing orders by up to 10%), automatic auction time extensions, and an end time of the auction that is randomised by a few minutes.
  • Investors can use simple auto-bidding features to ensure they have the best chance of trading without actively monitoring auctions and worrying about other investors having the unfair advantage of knowing their best price.

The public market also has rules around related parties disclosing their interests and trading intentions, further supporting transparency and fairness.

Overall, Catalist positions itself as a steppingstone to the NZX. It aims to help growth businesses expand until they are sustainable enough where the fees and burden of continuous trading on the NZX are not materially detrimental.
  • While setting up an account is free, some offers on the platform have a minimum investment size. Minimum investment sizes are published on the relevant investment page for each business. Further, whilst it is free to invest in capital raises, Catalist charges a fee of $30 or 0.25% of the amount traded (if larger) for secondary market trading events. 
​
​
How material information is disclosed at periodic auctions:
In preparing this review, Catalist has asked us to publish the following information given the risks around investing:
  • In 2021, Catalist announced the launch of its new licenced stock exchange, the Catalist Public Market, specifically designed for all New Zealanders to access New Zealand's growth businesses.
  • A key difference in licensed markets is the level of information disclosed to investors. A general rule in the Financial Markets Conduct Act 2013 is that anyone selling financial products has to be truthful about those products and can't mislead buyers. However, there's a big difference between being truthful and telling investors everything they need to know.
  • For most private investments outside a licensed market, there's no requirement for a business to disclose negative information. This includes wholesale investments (investments targeted at large and experienced investors) and offers made available to retail investors through crowdfunding platforms.
  • It's up to the investor to ask questions and do their due diligence. As long as the business doesn't lie or imply nothing is wrong, they are perfectly entitled to omit bad news. This is why the common mantra in private markets is 'buyer beware' – do your homework, ask questions, and be prepared that someone else might know something you don't.
  • However, just like on the NZX, growth businesses listed on the Catalist Public Market are legally obliged to tell you everything you'd expect to affect the price of the investment. This is supported by specific legislation that only applies to licensed markets with the potential for questions from the Financial Markets Authority (FMA) if the business breaches those obligations.
  • With information disclosure required before each auction, up-to-date information is available during each periodic trading event. This periodic disclosure makes it simple for investors to track the performance of their investments, as well as reduce the costs, resource requirements and the regulatory burden for the growth businesses, which is ultimately in the investors' interests.
  • From an investor's point of view, the disclosure through the Catalist platform greatly reduces uncertainty and confusion. Periodic disclosure only conveys what is pertinent when investors can trade, unlike continuous disclosure, where investors must constantly monitor a drip feed of new information. With periodic trading, investors are spared the confusion caused by an excess of potentially irrelevant information, and it streamlines the necessary disclosures for businesses.
  • And, as with any financial decision, if you don't understand what you're investing in, do not proceed.
​​

Understanding Catalist's Background

Understanding Catalist's Background and Its Attempt to Solve Illiquidity and Access to Capital Limitations

Catalist is the only other licensed stock exchange besides the NZX. Their mission is to provide unrivalled access to New Zealand's growth economy by designing the platform to help smaller New Zealand businesses grow by connecting them with wholesale and retail investors. 

Originating in 2019, Catalist's founder and CEO Colin Magee was inspired to help New Zealand growth businesses. During his time as head of conduct at the Financial Markets Authority (FMA), he noticed the lack of support New Zealand's growth businesses faced in New Zealand's capital markets - this largely boiled down to two key problems:
  • Illiquidity 
  • Access to Capital

Illiquidity:
  • According to a study by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, trading in continuously traded markets often sees buyers and sellers arriving in clusters. When there are many buy and sell orders, it boosts trader confidence, leading to more orders.
  • However, in small businesses on platforms like the NZX, this isn't always the case. The reluctance of investors to be the first to invest can lead to fewer orders, resulting in price volatility. This lack of liquidity can hinder the benefits of being listed on a major exchange.
  • One solution is periodic auctions, commonly known as "call auctions". Used on the NZX and other stock exchanges, these auctions set market prices at times of low liquidity. In these auctions, all orders are grouped together, with trading happening at one set price. This method ensures fairness, often resulting in higher trading volumes. It also cuts trading costs and boosts pricing transparency, thus attracting more investors.
  • Besides assisting investors, enhanced liquidity can benefit the listed companies, making future capital raising more achievable, which can then spur business growth.

Accessing Capital:
  • Most businesses under around $100 million market cap simply cannot afford to access the retail market that is the NZX, or the burdens of being listed outweigh the benefits. This means growth businesses are closed off from most potential investors and are restricted to bank debt or investment from "Wholesale investors" (Investors who meet certain wealth or experience requirements under the legislation).
  • While some platforms, such as crowdfunding platforms Snowball Effect and PledgeMe, provide growth businesses with some limited (and less regulated) access to retail investors, most businesses are restricted to wholesale investors, which locks out the average New Zealander from being able to invest in growth businesses.
  • By setting up a fully regulated stock exchange for growth businesses, Catalist can give growth businesses and everyday investors access to wider investment opportunities, in an environment subject to similar oversight to the NZX.

Catalist Investment Products Available

Investment Products Available

The licence granted to Catalist allows them to publicly list a range of investment opportunities, including:
  • New Zealand Fixed Income (Company Debt)
  • New Zealand Shares
  • New Zealand Funds
  • Some overseas investments are also currently offered to wholesale investors

Funds AvailableFor investors just starting to invest a portion of their portfolio in growth companies, the availability of funds, in addition to individual business shares and debt securities, is a significant benefit. There are a number of investment funds available on the Catalist platform. Further, a few Venture Capital (VC) funds are available on the platform. 


VC funds invest in a portfolio of early-stage growth businesses, so investors can benefit from immediate diversification in various growth businesses. They also benefit from the close connections that those VC funds develop with their investee companies to help them grow. Catalist is currently the only platform that offers direct investment into VC funds for retail investors, from as little as $1,000.

Example of a fund investment available through Catalist:
Matū Group operates venture capital funds focused on New Zealand-based science and deep technology start-up opportunities. Matū Iramoe Limited is listed on the Catalist Public Market and gives retail investors access to their VC fund that would normally only be available to much larger investors.

Matū focuses on investments at the earlier stages of a company's life (pre-seed and seed) and reviews over 250 investment opportunities annually. A strong investment mandate guides Matū's investment and portfolio strategy. They look for:
  • Verified science and technology with defendable intellectual property
  • Global commercial potential to produce above average returns
  • Clear go-to-market pathway towards paying customers
  • Passionate inventors and founders
  • Opportunities for Matū to add value and support the company
  • Co-investment with known syndicate partners to reduce risk and extend networks
  • Connection to the Aotearoa New Zealand scientific and innovation ecosystem.
Their current portfolio of companies includes Mekonos, Alimetry, PowerON, Opo Bio, and Liquium. 

Understanding the Fee Structure and Platform Features of Catalist

Understanding the Fee Structure and Platform Features

Fees:
  • All investors interested in Catalist can sign up for a personal account for free. The sign-up process will feel familiar to anyone who has already set up an account with an online broker such as Sharesies or Hatch. Investors can invest in businesses when they raise new capital free of charge.
  • However, trading fees are incurred when an investor sells to other investors in a secondary market auction.
  • Regarding secondary market trading, investors must pay either $30 or 0.25% (whichever is higher) of the amount they buy or sell. 

Platform Features (Financial Metrics):
​
The Catalist platform offers investors free account features to help track investments, such as a dashboard which provides information about each of your investments and financial metrics, which can help assess the success of your investments:
  • Return on Investment - ROI has the key benefit of simplicity, allowing investors to identify quickly how an investment is doing at a surface level glance. It serves as a yardstick for measuring success. 
  • Multiple of Money - MoM is also known as cash-on-cash return. It compares the amount of equity an investor takes out on the date of their exit or could take out if investments were sold today relative to their initial amount invested. The main advantage of MoM is its simplicity, allowing anyone to quickly calculate their gross return. However, it should not be used as a stand alone metric as it does not inform you how well your investment has performed relative to the period your money has been invested.
  • Realisation Multiple - The RM shows an investor how much has been paid out to them. This metric only measures the money paid out to investors instead of predicted or unrealised returns that metrics such as ROI or MoM measure. RM is calculated from your cashflow in (investment) and realised cashflow out (returns) and thus is only calculated for products with realised returns, including selling your investment at one of the periodic auctions. 
  • Internal Rate of Return - IRR shows what interest rate would have been needed for your original investment to reach its current value based on the time the funds have been invested. Imagine you deposited your money in a bank account five years ago; IRR calculates the interest rate derived from the difference in value between the original and current deposits. 

Catalist's Competitors - NZX, Wholesale Markets and Crowdfunding

Catalist's Competitors - NZX, Wholesale Markets and Crowdfunding

Catalist vs NZX
  • Catalist can be seen as a steppingstone towards the NZX as Catalist was not envisioned as the final place for businesses to remain listed. Catalist hopes to help grow businesses so they can readily move on to the NZX. 
  • In this sense, Catalist is arguably not a competitor to NZX but rather is an intermediary for businesses wanting to grow up to their first $100 million in market capitalisation. 

Catalist vs Wholesale Markets and Crowdfunding Platforms
  • Catalist also operates a wholesale market, but their approved licence allows their platform to reach investors beyond wholesale investors. Unlike wholesale or crowdfunding platforms, Catalist's provides investors with the protections equivalent to those they would expect in a traditional stock market.
  • These protections include full disclosure of material information when trading, oversight over trading conduct to reduce the risk of manipulative or unfair trading conduct, and the backing of the FMA to prosecute poor behaviour such as insider trading.  
  • For listed businesses, one benefit of greater regulatory oversight is the ability to access significantly larger investments from retail investors on an on-going basis in a cost-effective way, ultimately benefiting the investor. 

Furthermore, wholesale investment and crowdfunding platforms do not offer secondary market trading to new investors. The secondary market trading offered by Catalist:
  • Can increase liquidity by allowing new investors to participate in the business offering; 
  • Allows businesses to refresh their investor pool without sacrificing additional equity.

Catalist in the Media NZ

Catalist in the Media

While the platform is under the radar of most investors, new listings continue to be added. We share recent and relevant Catalist media stories below:

Newsroom, March 2023:
  • "Catalist was established in 2021 to cater for small listings, but coming under the same sort of Financial Markets Authority-approved regulation as the much bigger NZX market". 
  • One of the problems, is that Catalist is also relatively unknown - it’s fair to say the market is still growing and a lot of people haven’t heard about it.”
  • (Comparing Catalist to the NZX), "instead of smaller companies being expected to stick to the same strict (and expensive) continuous disclosure rules that apply on the main NZX exchange, his exchange uses what’s known as ‘periodic trading’. Companies’ shares don’t trade all the time – perhaps only for a week every quarter or a couple of times a year – and it’s only when trading is open that continuous disclosure rules apply".
  • "Oliver Mander is chief executive of the NZ Shareholders' Association. He likes the protection that the FMA disclosure rules gives for retail investors on the Catalist exchange, particularly in comparison to the lighthanded regulatory approach applied to alternatives like equity crowdfunding. Catalist is focussed on smaller companies, but the risks are disclosed; they are subject to disclosure."

Other features: Stories from the NZ Herald, Newsroom and Stuff.co.nz from June 2021 (when the platform launched) outline Catalist's original plans. Matu Group, which was Catalist's first listing in November 2021, and is profiled in this RNZ article.

Who is Suited to Catalist

Catalist - Understanding the Pros and Cons for Investors

Pros:
1. ​
Periodic Auctions: Increasing Liquidity 
  • Catalist's periodic auction encourages investor liquidity by executing all orders in one batch trade. (explanation provided above) This eliminates investor hesitancy as they know the auction price will be the fairest possible.
2. User Experience
  • Is seamless and simple, Catalist provides key financial metrics to track the success of your investments.

3. Access to growth businesses 
  • Catalist's license allows the ordinary investor to access growth business opportunities that would usually only be available to the experienced or 'wholesale' investor 

Cons:
  • Customer support is limited to email, and the team won't offer any form of financial advice as to what businesses or fund(s) to invest in. 
  • Catalist isn't for the short term. The nature of growth business as high risk high reward means investors looking to invest are usually in it for the long run, so the periodic nature of auctions is consistent with that approach. ​

Who is Suited to Catalist?

  1. Catalist is arguably more suited towards those already making some of their own investment decisions and are ready to diversify their investment portfolio by exploring riskier but higher potential return investment opportunities.
  2. Catalist is not suited for those who have never invested; Sharesies, Hatch etc. are more popular with beginner investors than diversified funds. Some financial advisors suggest that 5% of your investment portfolio can be allocated towards businesses not listed on a traditional stock exchange, as these businesses can add high rewards to an otherwise diversified portfolio. Catalist operates within this space. However, it's not without its risks, just as is the case with equity crowd funding.

Catalist Frequently Asked Questions

Frequently Asked Questions

Catalist's FAQ can be found here: Frequently Asked Questions - Catalist - here are some of the most commonly asked questions:

What happens to my money if investors prepay for a financial product but the price ends up lower than they had prepaid?

If you prepay for a bid that is successful, but the financial product sells at a lower price than your bid price, Catalist will transfer your excess funds back to you. You pay the same price for the financial product as every other buyer in the auction, alongside the fees that are displayed at the time you submit your bid. You should see any overpaid funds back in your bank account within 24 hours of the payment being made by us. Payments are only completed on days when the major banks are open for business in New Zealand.

What happens to my money if I prepay for a financial product but am unsuccessful in an auction?

If you prepay for a bid that is not successful, Catalist will transfer that money back to you. Catalist completes the transfers after the auction has closed and the closing price has been finalised. You should see the funds back in your bank account within 24 hours of the payment being made. Payments are only completed on days when the major banks are open for business in New Zealand.

Do I need a stockbroker to join Catalist?

No, you don't need to go through a stockbroker to buy and sell financial products listed on Catalist. You can open your own account on the website, and after you've completed the anti-money laundering checks, you will be able to trade.

How do I know that the person selling a financial product actually owns it?

Catalist maintains a record of who owns the financial products on their platform. Investors cannot submit offers to sell financial products unless the platform records them as the legal owner or entitled to act on behalf of the legal owner.

This means you can be confident that if you submit a successful bid to buy financial products, you will receive ownership of the financial products in accordance with Catalist's settlement rules.

Related Guides:
  • ​Investing in the NZX
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  • Banking & Savings
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  • KiwiSaver
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  • Travel Insurance
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  • Mobile & SIM
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  • Power
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  • Essential Money Tips
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      • 10 Hidden and Exorbitant Costs of Living in New Zealand
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    • Money & Relationships
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      • Don’t Let Supporting Your Adult Children Ruin Your Retirement
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      • Guarantors - Loans and Mortgages
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    • Valuable Insights
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      • Graduating Without a Job
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  • Financial Independence
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      • SortMe Review
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  • Life Essentials
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    • Kids Eat Free
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    • Entertainment
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    • Consumer Rights
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    • Shopping Resources
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    • Home & Kitchen
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      • Best Computer Desks
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      • Blinds, Curtains and Drapes Auckland
    • Health & Personal Care
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  • Trade Services
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