MoneyHub NZ
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  • Investing
    • Investing Platforms
      • Reviews
        • Sharesies Review
        • Hatch Review
        • Stake Review
          • Stake Black Review
        • Tiger Brokers (NZ) Review
        • Superhero Review
        • BlackBull Markets Share Trading Platform Review
        • ASB Securities Review
        • Invest Direct Review
        • InvestNow Review
        • Kernel Review
        • Kernel Shares & ETF Investing Review
        • Interactive Brokers
        • Smart Review
        • Catalist Review
      • Comparisons
        • Sharesies vs Hatch vs Stake
        • Kernel vs Smart
        • Hatch vs Stake
        • Hatch vs Tiger Brokers
        • Sharesies vs Tiger Brokers
        • Stake vs Tiger Brokers
        • Comparing Sharesies vs Investnow vs Hatch vs Invest Direct and more
        • Best Investment Apps
        • How Do I Start Investing?
        • Virtual Stocks and Shares Trading Games
      • Guides
        • How to Invest in Shares
        • Investing 101
        • Investing in Vanguard Funds from New Zealand
        • Investing in the US Stock Market from New Zealand
          • How To Buy Tesla Shares
          • How To Buy Apple Shares
          • How To Buy Amazon Shares
          • How To Buy Alphabet Shares
          • How To Buy Netflix Shares
          • How To Buy Microsoft Shares
          • How To Buy Meta Shares
        • US Extended Hours Trading Explained
        • What Happens If Your Investing Platform Shuts Down?
        • Fractional Shares
        • Transferring Share Portfolios
        • How to Read and Understand a Share Chart
        • NZX in a Nutshell
        • Investing in the ASX from New Zealand
        • Investing in Asian Markets from New Zealand
        • Understand Gross vs Net
        • How to Attend the 2026 Berkshire Hathaway Annual Shareholders Meeting
    • Introduction to Investing
      • Guides
        • Index Funds
        • ETFs (Exchange Traded Funds)
        • Cash Funds
        • Index Funds vs ETFs
        • 10 Ways to Invest in New Zealand
        • Compound Interest Explained
        • How to Invest Regularly
        • Passive Investing vs Active Investing
        • Investments You Can Own Forever
        • Investing Mistakes
        • Investing in the S&P 500 from New Zealand
        • Best Retirement Income Products in New Zealand
        • Shares vs ETFs
        • Shares vs Property Investment
        • Dollar Cost Averaging Guide
        • Margin Lending and Loans Explained
        • Borrowing to Invest in Property, Shares or Funds
        • Passive Income Strategies
        • How Wealthy New Zealanders Invest Their Money
        • The Best Way to Invest Inheritance or a Windfall
        • Barefoot Investor-Friendly Financial Products in New Zealand
        • Investment Terms Glossary
        • IPOs
        • Investing in Dividend Shares
        • Common Shareholder Numbers in New Zealand
        • Shorting a Stock
        • Investing vs Trading vs Gambling
        • Investment Strategies for the Time-Poor
        • Advanced Trading Concepts
        • New and Emerging Investment Opportunities and Trends
      • Young People and Investing
        • Investing for Kids
        • Investing For Grandchildren
        • 10 Top Investments for Young New Zealanders
        • Sharesies Kids Accounts Review
        • SquareOne Review
        • Dosh Review
      • Investing Calculators
        • Term Deposit Calculator
        • Compound Interest Calculator
        • Investment Calculator
        • Savings Calculator
        • Net Worth Calculator
        • Million Dollar Calculator
    • Managed Funds, Tax & DIY Investing
      • Guides
        • Managed Funds
          • Pie Funds Management Review
          • Booster Private Land and Property Fund Review
          • AMP Managed Funds Review
        • Our Favourite Managed Funds
        • Advisers
          • Financial Advisers Overview
          • DIY Investing vs Investment Brokerage Firms vs Financial Advisors
          • Financial Advisers Auckland
          • Financial Advisers Hamilton
          • Financial Advisers Tauranga
          • Financial Advisers Napier & Hastings
          • Financial Advisers Palmerston North
          • Financial Advisers Wellington
          • Financial Advisers Lower Hutt & Hutt Valley
          • Financial Advisers Nelson & Tasman
          • Financial Advisers Christchurch
          • Financial Advisers Dunedin
          • Lighthouse Financial Services Review
        • Bank Credit Ratings
        • Tax on Investments and Savings
        • Capital Gains Tax
        • Bright-Line Test
        • Ethical Investing
        • Best ESG Funds
        • Asset Allocations to Build Wealth
        • Managing Offshore Investments for Returning New Zealanders and Migrants
        • How to Buy and Sell Bonds
        • Buying NZ Corporate Bonds
        • Trading in a Nutshell
        • Peer to Peer Lending
        • Crowdfunding Guide
        • REITs Guide
        • Jasper Review
        • Investing & Personal Finance Podcasts
        • Emergency Funds
        • UK Pension Transfer to New Zealand
        • Returning to the UK from NZ
        • Spending Your Savings in Retirement
        • How to Take Income from Investments
        • What Am I Entitled to If My UK Pension Scheme or Provider Makes a Mistake?
        • Investment Scams
        • Investing in Recession-Proof Sectors and Asset Classes During a Downturn
        • Hedging Investments
        • Top Personal Finance Books for New Zealanders
        • Top Ten Personal Finance Resources
      • Reviews
        • Simplicity Investment Funds Review
        • Lending Crowd Review
        • Squirrel Review
        • Sharesight Review
        • Lifetime Retirement Income
        • New Zealand Financial Markets Authority (FMA)
      • Calculators
        • Managed Funds Fee Calculator
        • Basis Points Calculator
        • Inflation Calculator
        • Retirement Calculator New Zealand
    • Alternative Investments and Trading
      • Reviews
        • BlackBull Markets Review
        • CMC Markets Review
        • Plus500 Review
        • IG Review
        • TMGM Review
        • CMC Markets vs Plus500 vs IG Markets vs BlackBull Markets
      • Guides
        • How to Invest in Gold
        • How to Invest in Silver
        • Forex Trading Guide
          • Forex Trading Platforms Comparison
          • Forex Trading Tools
          • Forex Trading Courses and Education
          • Forex Regulation
        • Options Trading
        • Contracts for Difference (CFDs) Guide
        • Futures Trading
        • Commodities Trading
        • Copy Trading
      • Cryptocurrency
        • Reviews
          • Easy Crypto Review
          • Swyftx Review
          • Binance Review
          • Easy Crypto vs Swyftx
          • NZDD Review
          • Independent Reserve Review
          • eToro Review
          • Coinbase Review
          • Kiwi-Coin Bitcoin Exchange Review
          • Vault International Bitcoin Fund Review
        • Guides
          • How to Buy Bitcoin in New Zealand
          • Beginner's Guide to Bitcoin and Blockchain
          • Stablecoins
          • Guide to NFTs
          • Bitcoin Wallet Guide
          • Bitcoin Mining
          • How to Sell Bitcoin
          • Bitcoin and Crypto Scams
          • Initial Coin Offerings
          • A Beginner’s Guide to Investing in Cryptocurrencies
          • Decentralised Finance
          • Bitcoin in New Zealand
          • New Zealand Bitcoin Exchanges
          • How to Buy Ethereum in New Zealand
          • Other Coins
            • How to Buy Ripple in New Zealand
            • How to Buy Cardano in New Zealand
            • How to Buy Dogecoin in New Zealand
            • How to Buy Litecoin in New Zealand
            • How to Buy Polkadot in New Zealand
  • Loans & Finance
    • Car Finance
      • Car Finance Calculator
      • Electric Vehicle Loans
      • How to Refinance Your Car Loan
      • Car Loan Refinance Calculator
      • Car Dealership Finance vs Alternatives
      • Motorcycle and Moped Loans
      • Motorcycle and Moped Loan Calculator
      • Asset Finance
      • Asset Finance Repayment Calculator
      • Business Vehicle Loans
      • Bad Credit Car Loans
      • Car Loan Brokers vs Direct Car Finance
      • Car Loan Amortisation Calculator
      • Car Finance Company Reviews
        • Simplify Loans Review
        • Toyota Finance Review
        • Mazda Finance Review
        • MTF Finance Review
        • AA Money Review
        • Better Finance Review
        • Kiwi Car Loans Review
        • Lending People Review
        • Driva Car Loans Review
      • Car Finance Must-Knows Guides
        • Buying a Car Loan vs Personal Loan?
        • Car Loans and Collateral
        • Car Loan Guarantors
        • How to Save for a Car
        • Paying Cash for a Car vs Car Finance
        • Balloon Payments
        • Boat Financing Calculator
      • Car Finance Add-On Insurance Guides
        • GAP (Guaranteed Asset Protection Insurance) Insurance
        • Compare Mechanical Breakdown Insurance
        • PPI (Payment Protection Insurance)
    • Personal Loans
      • Debt Consolidation Loans
      • Secured Loans
      • Green Loans
      • Home Renovation Loans
      • Online Loans
      • Bad Credit Loans
      • Beneficiary Loans
      • Payday Loans
      • Cash Advance
      • Same Day Loans
      • Low Income Loans
      • Personal Loan Calculator
      • Debt Consolidation Calculator
      • The Dangers of Debt Consolidation
      • Refinance Personal Loan Calculator
      • Home Renovation Loan Calculator
      • Interest Calculator
      • Harmoney Loans Review
      • Money Sweetspot Review
      • Nectar Review
      • Avanti Finance Review
      • Save My Bacon Review
    • Credit Scores & Interest Rates
      • Credit Scores and Credit Checks
      • How to Build Credit in New Zealand
      • How to Pay Down Debt Faster
      • Baycorp and Debt Collection
      • Interest Rates Guide
      • Interest Rate Comparison
      • Buy Now Pay Later Apps
        • Afterpay Review
        • Laybuy Review
        • Humm Review
        • Zip Review
  • Insurance
    • Compare Insurance
      • Compare Car Insurance
      • Car Insurance by Vehicle
        • Compare Toyota Aqua Insurance Costs
        • Compare Toyota Corolla Insurance Costs
        • Compare Toyota Hilux Insurance Costs
        • Compare Mazda2 and Demio Insurance Costs
        • Compare Ford Ranger Insurance Costs
        • Compare Nissan Navara Insurance Costs
        • Compare Subaru Legacy Insurance Costs
      • Reviews & Policy Comparisons
        • AMI vs AMP vs AA Insurance vs Cove vs State vs Tower vs Trade Me Insurance
        • Cove Car Insurance Review
        • Tower Car Insurance Review
        • Young Driver Car Insurance
        • Trade Me Car Insurance Review
        • Caravan Insurance
      • Car Insurance Guides
        • Third Party Car Insurance
        • How to Get Cheaper Car Insurance
        • Car Insurance Calculator
        • No Claims Bonuses Explained
        • Car Insurance Excess Explained
        • Cheapest Cars to Insure
        • Modifications that Make a Car Uninsurable
        • Car Insurers Directory
        • Car Insurance Glossary
        • Most Stolen Cars
    • Home, Contents and Other Insurance
      • House Insurance
      • House Insurance Calculator
      • Best Holiday Home and Airbnb Insurance Policies
      • Difficult to Insure Areas
      • Sum Insured Explained
      • Is Your Home an Insurance Risk?
      • Average Cost of Car, House, and Contents Insurance
      • Insuring Old Houses
      • Contents Insurance
      • Home and Contents Insurance
      • Renters' Insurance
      • Landlord Insurance
      • Dental Insurance and Dentist Plans
      • Phone Insurance
      • Insurance Excess
      • Insurance Company Financial Strength Ratings
      • Motorbike Insurance
      • Initio Review
      • Insurance Brokers
        • Trusted Insurance Brokers in Wellington
        • Trusted Insurance Brokers in Christchurch
    • Compare Pet Insurance
      • Is Pet Insurance Worth Buying?
      • Cat and Dog Desexing
      • Getting a Kitten
      • Buying a Puppy
      • Pet Euthanasia
      • Vet Costs in New Zealand
      • Dog Vaccination Schedule and Costs
      • Costs of Owning a Cat
      • Costs of Owning a Dog
    • Students Insurance
    • Life & Health Insurance
      • Life Insurance
        • Life Insurance Policy Comparison - Cigna vs AIA vs Asteron Life vs Fidelity vs Westpac vs Partners Life
        • Stepped vs Level Life Insurance
        • Life Insurance Calculator
        • Pre-Existing Medical Conditions
        • Buying Life Insurance Direct vs Using an Insurance Broker
        • Life Insurance Policies - Features and Questions to Ask
        • When To Cancel Or Change a Life Insurance Policy
        • Life Insurance For Smokers and Vapers
      • Health Insurance
        • Going to Australia for Medical Treatment
        • BMI Calculator New Zealand
      • Income Protection Insurance
        • ACC vs Income Protection Insurance
        • Income Protection Insurance for Self Employed
      • Mortgage Insurance
      • Trauma Insurance
      • Redundancy Insurance
      • Funeral Insurance
        • What to Do When a Spouse or Partner Dies
        • Funeral Costs
  • Credit Cards
    • Best Credit Cards
    • Rewards and Cashback Credit Cards
    • Credit Cards That Earn Business Class Flights
    • The Best American Express Credit Cards
    • Air New Zealand Airpoints Credit Cards
      • Kiwibank Airpoints Cards Ending – Best Replacement Options
      • ANZ vs AMEX vs Westpac Platinum Airpoints Credit Cards
      • ANZ Airpoints Visa Platinum vs AMEX Airpoints Platinum
      • Kiwibank Airpoints Platinum Visa vs AMEX Airpoints Platinum
      • Westpac Airpoints Platinum Mastercard vs AMEX Airpoints Platinum
    • Balance Transfer Credit Cards
    • Platinum and Gold Credit Cards
    • Frequent Flyer Credit Cards
    • Travel Credit Cards
    • Interest Free Credit Cards
    • Virtual Debit and Credit Cards
    • Credit Cards That Provide Travel Insurance
    • Reviews
      • American Express Credit Cards Review
        • American Express Airpoints Platinum Review
        • American Express Gold Rewards Card Review
        • American Express Gold Business Card Review
        • AMEX Comparison - Airpoints Platinum vs Gold Rewards
        • Where is AMEX Accepted?
        • American Express Free Card vs Airpoints Platinum
        • American Express Platinum Card Review
        • American Express Membership Rewards Program Review
        • AMEX Cardholder Feedback
        • Valuing AMEX Membership Rewards Points
        • AMEX Dining Collection Program Review
        • The Best Ways to Spend AMEX Membership Rewards Points
        • Qantas Credit Cards
        • Qatar Airways Credit Cards
        • Singapore Airlines KrisFlyer Credit Cards
        • Cathay Pacific Asia Miles Credit Cards
        • Emirates Skywards Credit Cards
        • RewardPay Review
      • Flight Centre Mastercard Review
    • Guides
      • Pay Off Credit Card Debt
      • Credit Card Basics
      • Mastercard vs Visa
      • Credit Card Minimum Payments Explained
      • Credit Card Interest Calculator
      • Credit Card Debt Amortisation Calculator
      • How to Request a Credit Card Chargeback
    • Other Credit Cards
      • Best Foreign Currency Debit & Credit Cards
      • Free Credit Cards
      • Low Interest Credit Cards
      • Credit Cards for Bad Credit
      • Q Card & Q Mastercard Review
      • GEM Visa Review
      • Onecard Visa Review
      • Purple Visa Review
  • Travel Money Cards
    • Travel Money Card Reviews and Comparisons
      • Wise Debit Card Review
      • Revolut Review
      • Revolut vs Wise - Which Is Better?
      • Travelex Money Card vs Wise Debit Card Comparison
      • OneSmart Card vs Wise Debit Card Comparison
      • Cash Passport vs Wise Debit Card Comparison
    • Travel Money By Country
      • Top Travel Destinations Where the NZD is Strong Right Now
      • Australia Travel Money
      • Bali Travel Money
      • Canada Travel Money
      • Europe Travel Money
      • Fiji Travel Money
      • Japan Travel Money
      • Rarotonga Travel Money
      • Singapore Travel Money
      • Thailand Travel Money
      • USA Travel Money
      • UK Travel Money
      • United Arab Emirates Travel Money
  • Banking & Savings
    • Banking
      • Best Bank Accounts
      • Best Debit Cards
      • Best Joint Bank Accounts
      • Kids Bank Accounts
      • Cut Overdraft Costs
      • Private Banking
      • Open an Australian Bank Account from New Zealand
      • Open a UK Bank Account from New Zealand
    • Savings
      • Best Term Deposits
      • Best Notice Saver Accounts
      • Booster Savvy Review
      • Booster Savvy Analytics Review
      • Best PIE Term Deposits
      • Best Call Accounts
      • Best Savings Accounts
      • Term Deposit Alternatives
    • Guides and Resources
      • Banks vs Credit Unions
      • Open Banking Explained
      • NZ Bank Prefix Codes
    • Reviews
      • Wise Money Transfer Review
      • Heartland Bank Review
      • First Credit Union Review
      • NZCU Baywide Review
      • The Co-operative Bank NZ Review
      • Western Union Review
  • Mortgages
    • Mortgage Essentials
      • Best Home Loans
      • Mortgage Calculator
      • Interest Rate Predictions 2025
      • How Much Can I Borrow?
      • Debt to Income Ratios
      • Equity (and Leverage) Calculator
      • Mortgage Repayment Calculator
      • Mortgage Options
      • Mortgage Cashback
    • Other Mortgage Options
      • Interest-Only Mortgages Guide
      • Interest-Only Mortgage Calculator
      • Revolving Credit Mortgages
      • Offset Mortgages
      • Offset Mortgage Calculator
      • Fixed vs Floating Mortgage Rate Calculator
      • Understanding Interest Rate Swaps
      • What is the OCR?
    • Alternative Mortgage Options
      • Low-Deposit Home Loans
      • Rent to Own Homes
      • First Home Loan Guide
      • Reverse Mortgages
      • Lifetime Home Review
    • Mortgage Management
      • Saving for a House Deposit
      • Saving for a House Deposit as a Young Professional
      • Buying a Home with Family and Friends
      • Pay Off Your Mortgage Faster
      • Mortgage Overpayment Calculator
      • What To Do if You Bought a House at the Peak of the New Zealand Market
      • Tips for Seniors Renting or Paying Down a Mortgage
      • Remortgaging Guide
      • Mortgage Relief and Holidays
      • Amortisation Calculator
      • Mortgage Break Fees
      • Defaulting on a Mortgage
      • High Deposit Mortgages
      • Negative Equity
      • How to Manage Higher Mortgage Payments
      • Mortgage Refinance Calculator
    • Mortgage Brokers
      • Mortgage Brokers Explained
      • Trusted Auckland Mortgage Brokers
      • Trusted Hamilton Mortgage Brokers
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers in Tauranga
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers in Napier and Hastings
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers in Wellington
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers on the Kapiti Coast
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers in Christchurch
      • LifeDirect Mortgages Review
    • Buying a Home
      • First Home Buyers Checklist
      • Home Buying Glossary
      • Best House Price & Valuation Websites in New Zealand
      • New Zealand Property Types
      • Rateable Value vs Market Value
      • Leasehold Property Guide
      • Conveyancing vs Lawyers
      • Buying an Apartment in New Zealand
      • Buying vs Renting a House
    • Selling a Home
      • How to Sell Your House Privately
      • Real Estate Agent Fees
      • Bridging Finance
    • Property Investment
      • Investment Property Mortgages
      • 20 Property Investment Risks You Can't Ignore
      • Renting Directly to Tenants vs Using an Agent
      • Interest Deductibility Changes
    • Building a House
      • NZCB Review
      • Average Building Cost Per Square Metre
      • Cost to Build a New House
      • Buying Land to Build a House
      • Construction Loans
      • Tiny Homes in New Zealand
  • KiwiSaver
    • KiwiSaver Basics
      • Our Favourite KiwiSaver Funds
      • Best Performing KiwiSaver Funds
      • Milford vs ANZ KiwiSaver Growth Funds Comparison
      • Free $500+ Government Money for KiwiSaver
      • Is KiwiSaver Safe?
      • Choosing a KiwiSaver Fund
      • How Aggressive Should KiwiSaver Be
      • Choosing Your KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Balanced vs Moderate vs Growth KiwiSaver Funds - What is right for me?
      • KiwiSaver Must-Know Facts
      • Opting out of KiwiSaver
      • What Do I Do With My KiwiSaver When I Retire?
      • KiwiSaver Withdrawal
      • Merging KiwiSaver and Australian Super Balances
      • Switching KiwiSaver Funds
      • KiwiSaver Robo and Digital Advice Tools
      • Ethical Kiwisaver Funds
      • KiwiSaver Private Equity Investments
    • KiwiSaver Contributions & Tax
      • Your KiwiSaver Contributions
      • KiwiSaver Contributions - Gross or Net?
      • Employer KiwiSaver Contributions
      • Government KiwiSaver Contributions
      • KiwiSaver Savings Suspensions
      • Voluntary Contributions
      • What's My PIR?
      • KiwiSaver and Tax
    • KiwiSaver for Life Events and Specific Situations
      • Average KiwiSaver Balance by Age
      • KiwiSaver First-Home Withdrawal
      • KiwiSaver First Home Grant Guide
      • KiwiSaver Hardship Applications
      • KiwiSaver in a Divorce or Separation
      • KiwiSaver for Kids
    • KiwiSaver Schemes
      • Amanah KiwiSaver Scheme
      • AMP KiwiSaver Scheme
      • ANZ KiwiSaver Scheme
      • ASB KiwiSaver Scheme
      • AON KiwiSaver Scheme
      • BNZ KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Booster KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Fisher Funds KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Generate KiwiSaver Scheme
      • InvestNow KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Pie KiwiSaver Scheme Review
      • Kernel KiwiSaver Review
      • Kernel KiwiSaver Plan vs Superlife KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Kiwi Wealth KiwiSaver Scheme
      • kōura Wealth KiwiSaver Review
      • SBS Wealth KiwiSaver Scheme Review
      • MAS KiwiSaver Scheme
        • MAS Review
      • Mercer KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Milford KiwiSaver Plan
      • New Zealand Defence Force KiwiSaver Scheme
      • GoalsGetter KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Pathfinder KiwiSaver Review
      • QuayStreet KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Simplicity KiwiSaver Review
      • Summer KiwiSaver Scheme
      • SuperLife Review
      • Westpac KiwiSaver Scheme
    • KiwiSaver Calculators
      • KiwiSaver Calculator
      • KiwiSaver Returns Calculator
  • Business
    • Compare Business Loans
      • Business Line of Credit
      • Business Borrowing Options
      • Small Business Loans
      • Operating Leases
      • Finance Leases
      • Operating Leases vs Financing Leases
      • Car Loan Repayment Calculator
      • Prospa Business Loans Review
      • Bizcap Business Loans Review
      • Taxi (Business Funding) Review
    • Business Insurance
      • Public Liability Insurance
      • Professional Indemnity Insurance
      • Business Interruption Insurance
    • Wise Business Account Review
    • Business Credit Cards
    • Business Essentials
      • Money Saving Tips For Businesses
      • Get Debtors to Pay Overdue Invoices
      • Working Capital
      • Liquidations and Receiverships
      • Can't Make Payroll Guide
      • Buying out a Business Partner
      • Business Brokers
    • PAYE & Taxes
      • PAYE Calculator
      • PAYE Tax Rates 2025 & 2026
      • Minimum Wage
      • Tax Codes in New Zealand
    • Business Calculators & Resources
      • GST Calculator
      • GST Due Dates 2025
      • Business Loan Calculator
      • ROI Calculator
      • IRR Calculator
      • Internal Rate of Return
      • Percent Off Calculator
      • Profit Margin Calculator
      • Current Ratio Calculator
      • Quick Ratio Calculator
    • Online Services
      • Domain Names
      • Trusted Web Designers
        • Auckland Web Designers
        • Hamilton Web Designers
        • Wellington Web Designers
        • Christchurch Web Designers
        • Tauranga Web Designers
        • Lower Hutt Web Designers
        • Dunedin Web Designers
      • Digital Identity Programs and Online Verification Tools
      • Trusted Auckland SEO Companies
      • Social Media Influencer Marketing
      • PayPal NZ Account Fees
      • Paypal vs Stripe Review
      • Hnry Review
      • n3 Trade Card Review
      • Plain English Awards
      • Retail Security Options and Costs
    • For Startups
      • How to Start a Business in New Zealand
      • Raising Capital
      • Product Market Fit
      • Crowdfunding vs Bank Financing
      • Blackbird vs Movac
      • How to Become an Angel Investor
      • How to Raise Money from Angel Investors
      • Alternatives to VC Funding
      • Hiring for a Startup
      • VCFO (Virtual CFO)
      • New Zealand Startup and Founder Incubators
      • Expanding Offshore
      • New Zealand Invoice Template
      • Business Podcasts
  • MSD
    • Navigating Work and Income Benefits
    • Jobseeker Support Benefit Rates 2025 and 2026
    • Jobseeker Support Guide
    • Accommodation Supplement Guide
    • SuperGold Card Review
    • Disability Allowance
    • MyMSD
    • Community Services Card
    • Hardship Assistance - Urgent Costs and Living Expense Assistance
    • Loans for Unemployed
    • Working for Families Guide
    • Childcare Subsidies in New Zealand
    • Super Rates 2025 and 2026
    • NZ Superannuation in a Nutshell
    • Government Departments Helping New Zealanders Directly
    • Food Grants Guide
    • Food Banks Directory
      • Food Banks Auckland
      • Food Banks Northland
      • Food Banks Hamilton Waikato
      • Food Banks Wellington
      • Food Banks Christchurch
  • Motoring
    • Buying and Selling a Car
      • Car Valuations
      • Buying a Used Car
      • Selling a Car
      • Turners Cars Review
      • CarJam Review
      • CarJam vs MotorWeb Car Report Comparison
      • Top Cars that Hold Their Value
      • Vehicle Leasing
      • Car Registration in New Zealand
      • The Women's Guide to Buying a Car
    • Car Dealerships Explained
    • Everyday Driving
      • Costs of Owning a Car
      • 20 Ways to Make Driving Cheaper
      • Gaspy App Review
      • Parking Tickets
      • AA Membership Review
      • Best Car Batteries
      • Best Electric Cars
      • Buyer’s Guide for the 2023 Toyota Hilux
      • Buyer’s Guide for the 2023 Toyota RAV4
      • Buyer’s Guide for the 2023 Ford Ranger
    • Warrant of Fitness
      • Guide to Warrant of Fitness
      • Warrant of Fitness Auckland
      • Warrant of Fitness Hamilton
      • Warrant of Fitness Tauranga
      • Warrant of Fitness Lower Hutt
      • Warrant of Fitness Wellington
      • Warrant of Fitness Christchurch
      • Warrant of Fitness Dunedin
  • Law
    • Wills Guide
    • Separation Agreements
    • Prenuptial Agreements
    • Divorce Guide
    • Trusts Guide
    • Enduring Power of Attorney Guide
    • Living Wills Guide
    • Probate
    • Agreeable Review
    • Footprint Online Wills Review
    • Perpetual Guardian
  • Travel
    • Moving Overseas
      • Working Holiday Visas
      • Working Holiday Visas for 30+ Year-Old New Zealanders
      • Moving to Australia
      • Moving to London
    • Air New Zealand Specific
      • Air NZ Upgrade Guide
      • How to Redeem Air New Zealand Airpoints Dollars
      • Fastest Way To Earn Air NZ Status Points
      • Air New Zealand Koru Membership Review
      • Airpoints Flexipay Guide
      • Air New Zealand Travel Tips
      • Air New Zealand Refunds & Credits
    • Lounges, Upgrades, Car Hire & More
      • How to Get Access to Airport Lounges
      • Air New Zealand Skycouch Review
      • No Nonsense Upgrade Guide
      • Car Rental Hire
      • Auckland Airport Car Parking
    • Best of New Zealand
      • Auckland Travel for Less
      • 100+ Free Things to do in Auckland
      • Queenstown Like a Local
    • Hotels & Dining
      • Accor Plus Review
      • First Table Guide
      • Hotel Booking Sites Compared
    • Foreign Currency Exchange
      • Currency Converter
      • Australian Dollars Exchange Rate
      • American Dollars Exchange Rate
      • British Pound Exchange Rate
      • Canadian Dollars Exchange Rate
      • Euro Exchange Rate
      • Fijian Dollars Exchange Rate
      • Hong Kong Dollar Exchange Rate
      • Korean Won Exchange Rate
      • Indian Rupee Exchange Rate
      • Japanese Yen Exchange Rate
      • Malaysian Ringgit Exchange Rate
      • South African Rand Exchange Rate
      • Singapore Dollars Exchange Rate
      • Thai Baht Exchange Rate
      • Chinese Yuan Exchange Rate
  • Travel Insurance
    • Compare Travel Insurance
    • AMEX Airpoints Platinum Travel Insurance Review
    • Travel Insurance by Destination
      • Australia and the Pacifc
        • Australia Travel Insurance
        • Fiji Travel Insurance
        • Rarotonga Travel Insurance
      • Asia
        • Bali Travel Insurance
        • China Travel Insurance
        • India Travel Insurance
        • Japan Travel Insurance
        • Malaysia Travel Insurance
        • Singapore Travel Insurance
        • South Korea Travel Insurance
        • Thailand Travel Insurance
        • Vietnam Travel Insurance
      • Americas & Africa
        • Canada Travel Insurance
        • Peru Travel Insurance
        • South Africa Travel Insurance
        • USA Travel Insurance
      • Europe
        • France Travel Insurance
        • Greece Travel Insurance
        • Italy Travel Insurance
        • UK Travel Insurance
    • Specific Risk Cover
      • Do I Need Travel Insurance?
      • Pregnancy Travel Insurance
    • Travel Insurer Reviews
      • Southern Cross Travel Insurance Review
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  • Banking & Savings
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  • Essential Money Tips
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  • Trade Services
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Virtual Chief Financial Officers (VCFOs) - The Definitive Guide for New Zealand Businesses

Our guide outlines what VCFOs are, what value they provide, the pros and cons of getting a VCFO and commonly asked questions about VCFOs.
VCFO Guide NZ
Updated 9 August 2024

Summary
  • Building a startup is simultaneously one of the most exhilarating and exhausting jobs in the world. The significant time pressure to do everything can impact a founder's ability to operate effectively.
  • With this time pressure in mind, many startups and SMEs can only devote a limited amount of time to manage the company's finances.
  • Furthermore, most startups can't afford to employ an in-house Chief Financial Officer (CFO) that typically costs $100,000 to $200,000+ a year in salary.
  • Whilst a bookkeeper or external accountant will prepare the accounts and lodge annual tax returns, they don't provide the forward-looking, long term strategic and financial advice that a CFO provides.
  • A Virtual CFO (VCFO) helps bridge the gap of receiving strategic financial advice without bringing on a full-time CFO.
  • VCFOs have been on the rise recently as startups look to outsource non-core functions to focus on what matters – building the business and the product or service.  

This guide outlines what VCFOs are, what value they provide, the pros and cons of getting a VCFO and commonly asked questions about VCFOs. We also list some of the most popular VCFOs available to New Zealand businesseses. We cover:
  • What is a VCFO?
  • What services does a VCFO provide?
  • Do you need a VCFO?
  • Advantages of a VCFO
  • Disadvantages of a VCFO
  • Frequently Asked Questions
  • List of New Zealand-based VCFOs

VCFO Guide NZ

What is a VCFO?

A VCFO is effectively an on-call CFO that provides an effective way for startups to gain financial guidance and business support without the commitment and cost of a full-time CFO. Top VCFOs cover some of the more operational bookkeeping and financial controller roles, as well as the ability to provide deep strategic and operational business advice based on what the CFO interprets from the financial position and performance of the business.

CFOs typically generate more value in the strategic and operational sense in today's age, given the vast amounts of data accessible and increased compliance requirements of operating a business. Being virtual allows startups to access these insights at a fraction of the cost of hiring a full-time CFO. 

VCFOs are an effective way for businesses to gain solid financial support without the commitment and cost of a full-time CFO. Taking on a VCFO can help businesses to strategise and operate efficiently, maximising all possible financial advantages. VCFOs look behind the numbers and make sure founders understand all the complex financial information their business produces to make informed decisions. Some sit in on planning and management meetings to get up to speed on the various aspects of a business, while others stay detached and provide high-level insights.

VCFOs typically have experience in high-level financial roles across various companies of all different shapes and sizes. VCFOs will have experience dealing with various financial topics, including strategic planning, scenario modelling, capital raising and financial projections.

A VCFO is unique in that they are typically not around all the time as a full-time employee, but they are present in critical meetings (so not literally virtual – although some VCFOs may do this) and are present when necessary during financial year-end. Working remotely and working on a contractual, part-time schedule allows more flexibility and cost-effectiveness for both the business and the VCFO.

VCFO Guide NZ

What services does a VCFO provide?

What a VCFO does will typically depend on the organisation's industry, size, and specific financial needs. The VCFOs are paid usually through a flat retainer or charged by the hour. Here are a few of the services a VCFO might provide:

Startups
A startup typically starts out managing its finances. As the company grows, its financial records become increasingly complex (coupled with no time to plan future growth). Typical startup VCFO services for startups include:
  • Taking control of finance requirements to eliminate concern about who is responsible for their accounting function
  • Streamline their accounting function through implementing processes
  • Utilise technology to enable the founders to access their accounting records in the cloud
  • Support basic reporting and analytics to provide insights on how the business is performing
  • Helping to prepare company to become investment ready - i.e. accounts and records, tracking key KPIs, building financial models to help raise investment capital.

Small to Medium Enterprise (SME)
A thriving SME may employ an accountant or bookkeeper who supports the founder. As the business scales, the founder needs advice about their increasing financial responsibilities and business direction. In this situation, a VCFO will typically:
  • Streamline the accounting function, systems and processes to ensure the back-end operations are efficient 
  • Implement a reporting framework including a KPI dashboard to assist in monitoring business performance
  • Implement a cash flow forecasting model to ensure the business stays on top of cash flow, given increased expenditure on product and team
  • Review payroll compliance and ensure all record-keeping is in place

Large Corporate
Established businesses will already have bookkeepers to maintain their income statements and balance sheets, and an accountant to help with tax and compliance. The founders may want to ensure their operations are more robust but feel they need extra support. A VCFO will typically:
  • Work with the business and build a budget or forecast for the current financial period. This budget would typically include a profit and loss statement, balance sheet and cash flow statement (three statement model).
  • Assist in developing their strategic financial plan during expansion, including a three to five-year financial model. This model will be based on key business metrics.
  • Work with the business to source finance through banks or potential investors and act as their advisor in these situations
  • Ensuring the balance sheet is robust and business risk is managed through the right processes.

Do you need a VCFO?

Do you need a VCFO?

  • Hiring a VCFO can be a game-changer for some businesses and SMEs, but usually works best for businesses between $1 million and $20 million in revenue as a cost-effective way to get expert advice that assists in rapidly scaling the business.
  • For a company earning over $20m a year, it's likely they will have their in house finance team.
  • Not every company has to earn over $1m a year; many use VCFOs to help them become investment ready. In addition, if a company have a formal board, VCFO services help with board reporting and cashflow forecasting.
  • Most startups can't afford an experienced, knowledgeable CFO on a full-time basis and may never consider hiring one. With an accounting professional acting as their VCFO, startups can keep line of sight on essential metrics such as runway, the profitability of current strategies and the ability to add quantitative insight to a business strategy or expansion plan.
  • High growth startups can utilise the expertise of a VCFO and guide the founder through the process of scaling the startup. For example, sending quarterly financial updates can assist the founder with key metrics that reflect how close milestones are in relation to the next capital raise. Effective communication with investors and stakeholders will give them reassurance and confidence in the startup.
  • A VCFO is fully remote by nature – founders can access the business's information anywhere, anytime and always available through cloud services.

Top reasons you may need a VCFO:

1. Your business is becoming more complex

When it's just the founder working alone, the finances are relatively simple. As a startup gets larger and more complex, with employees, suppliers, vendors, contracts, and other financial liabilities, it can burden the founder to manage all of this. At a certain size, a startup will need more than just an accountant or a bookkeeper. A VCFO can scale and provide more in-depth insights and analysis when and if the startup needs it.

2. You're experiencing rapid growth

Growing quickly is a good thing — but with growth comes increasing complexity and associated compliance costs. Rapid growth can put your financials out of order, especially if you're not prepared. A VCFO can help you navigate periods of accelerated growth and situate the best systems for the next phase of your business.

3. Your financials are volatile, and you're not sure why

Nearly all companies go through unpredictable periods – it's a rite of passage for startups. A VCFO can assist in understanding what is happening and the necessary steps founders need to take to bolster their finances. 

VCFO Guide NZ

Advantages of a VCFO

Outsourcing responsibilities

A VCFO can help you roll out strategic plans and provide financial forecasts and modelling to support the startup's growth. VCFOs offer a unique ability to outsource some of the key financial requirements out to another party rather than having to sort these issues out internally.

Flexible

VCFOs typically work on an ad-hoc basis, providing you with the accounting, financial forecasting and strategic support you need when you need it. This could be on a set day during the week (e.g. every Monday, the VCFO works on issues related to your startup) or on a project basis (e.g. during this three week period, the VCFO will work on the startup's annual report).

VCFOs provide unique flexibility to work as many or as few hours as the startup needs without sacrificing the quality of work or experience.

Ability to handle complex situations

VCFOs work with many different organisations of different size and financial requirements. An experienced VCFO has likely dealt with a variety of financial issues. With this experience, they're able to bring unique insights into the current problems startup owners face today to ensure issues are dealt with swiftly and efficiently.

Fast to implement

VCFOs have experience in quickly assessing what needs to be done from a financial or operational perspective, whether that's gathering information, drafting financial reports or implementing improved accounting processes.

Cost-saving

One of the top benefits of hiring a VCFO is access a high level of expertise without paying the typical cost of an in-house CFO. By only using the services you need (accounting, financial reporting, payroll, etc.), costs are significantly lower by hiring a VCFO than hiring a full-time CFO for your organisation. Furthermore, VCFOs are only required when there are actual tasks and responsibilities, instead of a full-time CFO that may not have much work to do for half of the calendar year.

Customised service

Startups have vastly different financial needs depending on what industry they operate in. A VCFO service can customise the skills and scope of work necessary to fit each startup. These services can be adapted depending on what the startups needs.

Deep industry knowledge

One of the other biggest advantages of a VCFO is that your company benefits from the same expertise, analysis, judgment, and insight usually available only to larger companies. Most VCFOs deal with a variety of different clients across various verticals and sectors. This enables VCFOs to demonstrate a deep, stage-agnostic understanding of your startup while still drawing from the lessons learned in these different scenarios. A VCFO sees countless different financial situations. It's highly likely that whatever unique situation a startup is in, the VCFO has seen it before and will be able to advise you accordingly.

VCFO Guide NZ

Disadvantages of a VCFO

A VCFO is not necessarily right for all startups. While a VCFO comes with many pros, there are a few cons to be aware of, which we outline in detail below:

Variance in quality of VCFOs

VCFOs are typically ex-accountants or ex-CFOs that have worked in previous accounting firms. However, it's difficult to gauge whether the VCFOs have the necessary experience to support and manage your startup. The quality of VCFOs can vary enormously, so it's important to get quality references or interact with the team beforehand. 

Hiring a VCFO too early may complicate your business priorities

Some early-stage startups may not require the detailed services of a VCFO. If this is the case, you'll waste time and money on a very expensive service. 

For example, if you hire a VCFO before you have a decent bookkeeping system in place, they will spend their time dealing with the incomplete data they're given. VCFOs are too expensive to be doing manual entry and data cleaning. Some startups simply don't yet need high-level strategic advice and have other issues that a simple bookkeeper or accountant could do. 

VCFOs won't truly know or understand your specific industry

It takes time (and first-hand experience in a similar industry) to thoroughly understand the business and market dynamics. Don't expect a VCFO to step in and instantly understand your problems on day one.

VCFOs may leave your team frustrated

VCFOs aren't available to answer day-to-day questions in the same way a permanent CFO in the office would. This means a VCFO may not appreciate the context, roadblocks, or specific nuances your startup faces.

Lack of historical context

One of the benefits of a full-time CFO is continuity. Because they're an active member of your startup exclusively, they'll have knowledge of the decisions that were made a year ago, why they were made and how that affects strategy for the next few years. A VCFO supporting your startup may change from year to year, and this knowledge of your startup may be lost as new VCFOs get rotated through.

Lack of Vision

When you hire a full-time CFO, you're able to hire someone that aligns with your culture and overall vision. A VCFO may not necessarily have these traits. Because VCFOs are typically wired to make the company financially healthy, they often only look at the numbers and don't consider other important variables. A founder will dream big, but the VCFO may not share those dreams. 

VCFO Guide NZ

Frequently Asked Questions

Should I hire permanent, or get a VCFO?

Not all startups should hire a VCFO. It will largely depend on the stage of the business you're at and whether there are more benefits than costs of having outsourced financial support. If you're $1m ARR+ and are increasingly experiencing growing pains on the financials, then a VCFO may be a good option.

Why are VCFOs so common?

The rise of cloud accounting and improved data manipulation has supported the rise of VCFOs. Accountants have had to improve the value they add to businesses, and VCFOs have become the logical extension of bookkeeping and accounting services.

With increased competition, typical accounting firms are having to expand and differentiate the services they provide. Some of the key trends supporting this move include increased regulation, technology adoption, and non-core functions outsourcing.

What are the typical costs for a VCFO and what should I be paying for one?

You typically only pay for the VCFO services you need. Hiring a VCFO can be significantly cheaper when compared to a full-time CFO. VCFOs can cost anywhere from $2,000 to $10,000+ a month. This typically varies depending on the complexity of the work and the types of services required. Each VCFO will have different experiences in various sectors or industries.

Know This:
It's important to find a VCFO that has strong experience in the vertical you operate in.

Why is there a rise in VCFOs? Is this linked to remote work?

Until recently, CFOs didn't provide strategic advice, and most small businesses didn't know CFOs could provide this level of advisory. This has changed with the rise of remote work and the improved datasets available to VCFOs.

One reason today's business leadesr upgrade from transactional accounting services to a VCFO is because a VCFO will typically have more experience and data to draw their insights from. New technologies allow CFOs to work remotely (hence the virtual aspect) and draw on deep insights from multiple different industries that traditional accountants would not be able to access.

The quality of operational advice and real-time financial intelligence has never been better. Given the rise in remote work and the ability to reduce upfront costs to spend on other initiatives (product development, key hires, market analysis), the "virtual" element of VCFOs has become increasingly more attractive.

Do VCFOs do a worse job than hiring a full-time CFO?

It depends on the VCFO you hire. On the one hand, a VCFO can do the same job, if not a better job, as they are not subject to the inherent biases of being employed full time. An employed CFO may elect to work less hard given he already has a steady job and may be reluctant to work faster as he's likely to get given more tasks.

A VCFO is constantly focused on winning work and making sure clients are happy with the service – so they're always going to be doing the best work possible to ensure retention. That said – a VCFO will not be interacting with your business as frequently as a full-time CFO – so their advice and support could be limited, or it may take them longer to understand your business and complete the required tasks compared to a normal CFO.

Can I use a VCFO to raise capital?

Some VCFOs may handle fundraising for your startup, but it can come with caveats. The founders are typically the ones who should be developing relationships with investors rather than a VCFO that isn't working at the startup day-to-day. Where VCFOs can support capital raisings by assisting with drafting slides, documents, or financial models for investor calls or presentations.

Founders are still typically expected to be the first point of contact for capital raising, but beyond the Series B+ rounds, an in-house CFO is typically expected as the business will drastically increase in complexity and a VCFO will likely not cut it from that point onwards. Our raising capital guide outlines more details.

I'm a current CFO. How can I adapt to become a virtual CFO – and what does that look like?

VCFOs require a drastic shift from the typical CFO role. Most VCFOs will utilise some form of cloud-based accounting system and typically interact with their clients on an ad-hoc basis. Relationships with clients are typically much lower touch than typical CFO roles. Learning how to upskill in these tasks will be essential to pivot to a VCFO role.

VCFO Guide NZ

List of New Zealand-based VCFOs

We list a sample of trusted VCFOs below as a starting point. Please note, no VCFO company has paid to appear on this list, and MoneyHub.co.nz has no relationship with any company below. Their inclusion on our guide is not a recommendation or endorsement.

Oxygen Advisors

Oxygen Advisors VCFO
Oxygen Advisors are a team of Virtual CFOs. Services include providing monthly reporting and metric dashboards, through to strategic support while raising capital. Their VCFO services are target high-growth companies.
  • Base and Region: Auckland (supporting companies across New Zealand)
  • Specialist Industries: Early stage and high growth companies, particularly SaaS
  • Notable clients: Listed here

CFO 4 U

Oxygen Advisors VCFO
CFO 4 U helps high-growth startups monitor their financial performance, remove the day-to-day stress about finances, and provide increased comfort at the board level. CFO 4 U also works with startup founders to prepare the company to become investment-ready.
  • Base and Region: Team based all around New Zealand 
  • Specialist Industries: SaaS, deep tech and Manufacturing 
  • Notable clients: See List here

Wise Advice

Oxygen Advisors VCFO
Wise Advice offers a Virtual CFO package designed to benefit smaller businesses with a big business service with an affordable, fixed monthly fee. Services include Xero work, forecasting, analysis and strategic planning.
  • Base and Region: Nationwide
  • Specialist Industries: Hospitality and online e-commerce businesses

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  • Credit Cards
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    • Travel Money By Country
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  • Banking & Savings
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      • LifeDirect Mortgages Review
    • Buying a Home
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  • KiwiSaver
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  • Travel Insurance
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  • Mobile & SIM
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  • Power
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  • Essential Money Tips
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    • Money & Relationships
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    • Valuable Insights
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  • Financial Independence
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      • SortMe Review
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  • Life Essentials
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      • Free Samples
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    • Kids Eat Free
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    • Entertainment
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    • Consumer Rights
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    • Shopping Resources
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      • Best Computer Desks
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      • Blinds, Curtains and Drapes Auckland
    • Health & Personal Care
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  • Trade Services
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