MoneyHub NZ
  • Search
  • Investing
    • Investing Platforms
      • Reviews
        • Sharesies Review
        • Hatch Review
        • Stake Review
        • Tiger Brokers (NZ) Review
        • Superhero Review
        • BlackBull Markets Share Trading Platform Review
        • ASB Securities Review
        • Jarden Direct Review
        • InvestNow Review
        • Kernel Review
        • Flint Wealth Review
        • Interactive Brokers
        • Smartshares Review
        • Catalist Review
      • Comparisons
        • Sharesies vs Hatch vs Stake
        • Hatch vs Stake
        • Hatch vs Tiger Brokers
        • Sharesies vs Tiger Brokers
        • Stake vs Tiger Brokers
        • Comparing Sharesies vs Investnow vs Hatch vs Jarden Direct and more
        • Best Investment Apps
        • How Do I Start Investing?
        • Virtual Stocks and Shares Trading Games
      • Guides
        • How to Invest in Shares
        • Investing in Vanguard Funds from New Zealand
        • Investing in the US Stock Market from New Zealand
          • How To Buy Tesla Shares
          • How To Buy Apple Shares
          • How To Buy Amazon Shares
          • How To Buy Alphabet Shares
          • How To Buy Netflix Shares
          • How To Buy Microsoft Shares
          • How To Buy Meta Shares
        • What Happens If Your Investing Platform Shuts Down?
        • Fractional Shares
        • Transferring Share Portfolios
        • How to Read and Understand a Share Chart
        • NZX in a Nutshell
        • Investing in Asian Markets from New Zealand
        • Understand Gross vs Net
    • Introduction to Investing
      • Guides
        • Index Funds
        • 10 Ways to Invest in New Zealand
        • How to Invest Regularly
        • Passive Investing vs Active Investing
        • Investments You Can Own Forever
        • Investing Mistakes
        • ETFs (Exchange Traded Funds)
        • Best Retirement Income Products in New Zealand
        • Index Funds vs ETFs
        • Shares vs ETFs
        • Dollar-Cost Averaging Guide
        • Passive Income Strategies
        • How Wealthy New Zealanders Invest Their Money
        • The Best Way to Invest Inheritance or a Windfall
        • Barefoot Investor-Friendly Financial Products in New Zealand
        • Investment Terms Glossary
        • IPOs
        • Investing in Dividend Shares
        • Common Shareholder Numbers in New Zealand
        • Shorting a Stock
        • Investing vs Trading vs Gambling
      • Young People and Investing
        • Investing for Kids
        • Investing For Grandchildren
        • 10 Top Investments for Young New Zealanders
        • Sharesies Kids Accounts Review
        • SquareOne Review
        • Dosh Review
      • Investing Calculators
        • Compound Interest Calculator
        • Investment Calculator
        • Savings Calculator
        • Net Worth Calculator
        • Million Dollar Calculator
    • Managed Funds, Tax & DIY Investing
      • Guides
        • Investing Guide
        • Our Favourite Funds
        • Advisers
          • Financial Advisers Overview
          • DIY Investing vs Investment Brokerage Firms vs Financial Advisors
          • Financial Advisers Auckland
          • Financial Advisers Wellington
          • Financial Advisers Christchurch
        • Bank Credit Ratings
        • Tax on Investments and Savings
        • Capital Gains Tax
        • Bright-Line Test
        • Ethical Investing
        • Best ESG Funds
        • Asset Allocations to Build Wealth
        • Managing Offshore Investments for Returning New Zealanders and Migrants
        • Managed Funds
          • Booster Private Land and Property Fund Review
        • How to Buy and Sell Bonds
        • Buying NZ Corporate Bonds
        • Trading in a Nutshell
        • Peer to Peer Lending
        • Crowd Funding Guide
        • REITs Guide
        • Jasper Review
        • Investing & Personal Finance Podcasts
        • Emergency Funds
        • UK Pension Transfer to New Zealand
        • Returning to the UK from NZ
        • Spending Your Savings in Retirement
        • How to Take Income from Investments
        • What Am I Entitled to If My UK Pension Scheme or Provider Makes a Mistake?
        • Investment Scams
        • Investing in Recession-Proof Sectors and Asset Classes During a Downturn
        • Hedging Investments
        • Top Personal Finance Books for New Zealanders
        • Top Ten Personal Finance Resources
      • Reviews
        • Simplicity Investment Funds Review
        • Lending Crowd Review
        • Squirrel Review
        • Sharesight Review
        • Lifetime Retirement Income
        • New Zealand Financial Markets Authority (FMA)
      • Calculators
        • Managed Funds Fee Calculator
        • Basis Points Calculator
        • Inflation Calculator
        • Retirement Calculator New Zealand
    • Alternative Investments and Trading
      • Reviews
        • BlackBull Markets Review
        • CMC Markets Review
        • Plus500 Review
        • IG Review
        • TMGM Review
        • CMC Markets vs Plus500 vs IG Markets vs BlackBull Markets
      • Guides
        • How to Invest in Gold
        • How to Invest in Silver
        • Forex Trading Guide
        • Options Trading
        • Contracts for Difference (CFDs) Guide
        • Futures Trading
        • Commodities Trading
        • Forex Trading Tools
        • Forex Trading Platforms Comparison
        • Forex Trading Courses and Education
        • Forex Regulation
        • Copy Trading
    • Cryptocurrency
      • Reviews
        • Easy Crypto Review
        • Swyftx Review
        • Binance Review
        • Easy Crypto vs Swyftx
        • Independent Reserve Review
        • eToro Review
        • Coinbase Review
        • Kiwi-Coin Bitcoin Exchange Review
        • Vault International Bitcoin Fund Review
      • Guides
        • How to Buy Bitcoin in New Zealand
        • Beginner's Guide to Bitcoin and Blockchain
        • Guide to NFTs
        • Bitcoin Wallet Guide
        • Bitcoin Mining
        • How to Sell Bitcoin
        • Bitcoin and Crypto Scams
        • Initial Coin Offerings
        • A Beginner’s Guide to Investing in Cryptocurrencies
        • Decentralised Finance
        • Bitcoin in New Zealand
        • New Zealand Bitcoin Exchanges
        • How to Buy Ethereum in New Zealand
        • Other Coins
          • How to Buy Ripple in New Zealand
          • How to Buy Cardano in New Zealand
          • How to Buy Dogecoin in New Zealand
          • How to Buy Litecoin in New Zealand
          • How to Buy Polkadot in New Zealand
  • Loans & Finance
    • Car Finance
      • Car Finance Calculator
      • Electric Vehicle Loans
      • How to Refinance Your Car Loan
      • Car Loan Refinance Calculator
      • Car Dealership Finance vs Alternatives
      • Bad Credit Car Loans
      • Car Finance Company Reviews
        • AA Money Review
        • Better Finance Review
        • Kiwi Car Loans Review
        • MTF Finance Review
        • Simplify Loans Review
        • Car Loan Brokers vs Direct Car Finance
      • Car Finance Must-Knows Guides
        • Buying a Car Loan vs Personal Loan?
        • Car Loans and Collateral
        • Car Loan Guarantors
        • How to Save for a Car
        • Paying Cash for a Car vs Car Finance
        • Balloon Payments
      • Car Finance Add-On Insurance Guides
        • GAP (Guaranteed Asset Protection Insurance) Insurance
        • MBI (Mechanical Breakdown Insurance)
        • PPI (Payment Protection Insurance)
    • Personal Loans
      • Debt Consolidation Loans
      • Secured Loans
      • Home Renovation Loans
      • Online Loans
      • Bad Credit Loans
      • Beneficiary Loans
      • Payday Loans
      • Cash Advance
      • Same Day Loans
      • Low Income Loans
      • Personal Loan Calculator
      • Debt Consolidation Calculator
      • Refinance Personal Loan Calculator
      • Home Renovation Loan Calculator
      • Interest Calculator
      • Harmoney Loans Review
      • Nectar Review
      • Avanti Finance Review
      • Save My Bacon Review
    • Credit Scores & Interest Rates
      • Credit Scores and Credit Checks
      • How to Build Credit in New Zealand
      • How to Pay Down Debt Faster
      • Baycorp and Debt Collection
      • Interest Rates Guide
      • Interest Rate Comparison
      • Buy Now Pay Later Apps
        • Afterpay Review
        • Laybuy Review
        • Humm Review
        • Zip Review
  • Insurance
    • Car Insurance
      • Guides
        • How to Get Cheaper Car Insurance
        • Car Insurance Calculator
        • No Claims Bonuses Explained
        • Car Insurance Excess Explained
        • Cheapest Cars to Insure
        • Modifications that Make a Car Uninsurable
        • Car Insurers Directory
        • Car Insurance Glossary
      • Reviews
        • Tower Car Insurance Review
        • Cove Car Insurance Review
        • Trade Me Car Insurance Review
      • AMI vs AA Insurance vs Cove vs State vs Tower vs Trade Me Insurance
      • Young Driver Car Insurance
      • Third Party Car Insurance
      • Caravan Insurance
    • Home, Contents and Other Insurance
      • House Insurance
      • House Insurance Calculator
      • Difficult to Insure Areas
      • Insuring Old Houses
      • Contents Insurance
      • Home and Contents Insurance
      • Renters' Insurance
      • Landlord Insurance
      • Dental Insurance and Dentist Plans
      • Phone Insurance
      • Insurance Excess
      • Motorbike Insurance
      • Initio Review
      • Insurance Brokers
        • Trusted Insurance Brokers in Wellington
        • Trusted Insurance Brokers in Christchurch
    • Pet Insurance
      • Is Pet Insurance Worth Buying?
      • Cat and Dog Desexing
      • Getting a Kitten
      • Buying a Puppy
      • Pet Euthanasia
      • Vet Costs in New Zealand
      • Costs of Owning a Cat
      • Costs of Owning a Dog
    • Life & Health Insurance
      • Life Insurance
        • Life Insurance Policy Comparison - Cigna vs AIA vs Asteron Life vs Fidelity vs Westpac vs Partners Life
        • Life Insurance Calculator
        • Pre-Existing Medical Conditions
        • Buying Life Insurance Direct vs Using an Insurance Broker
        • Life Insurance Policies - Features and Questions to Ask
        • When To Cancel Or Change a Life Insurance Policy
        • Life Insurance For Smokers and Vapers
      • Health Insurance
        • Going to Australia for Medical Treatment
      • Income Protection Insurance
        • ACC vs Income Protection Insurance
        • Income Protection Insurance for Self Employed
      • Mortgage Insurance
      • Trauma Insurance
      • Redundancy Insurance
      • Funeral Insurance
        • What to Do When a Spouse or Partner Dies
        • Funeral Costs
  • Credit Cards
    • Best Credit Cards
    • Rewards and Cashback Credit Cards
    • The Best American Express Credit Cards
    • Air New Zealand Airpoints Credit Cards
      • ANZ vs AMEX vs Kiwibank vs Westpac Platinum Airpoints Credit Cards
      • ANZ Airpoints Visa Platinum vs AMEX Airpoints Platinum
      • Kiwibank Airpoints Platinum Visa vs AMEX Airpoints Platinum
      • Westpac Airpoints Platinum Mastercard vs AMEX Airpoints Platinum
    • Balance Transfer Credit Cards
    • Platinum and Gold Credit Cards
    • Reviews
      • American Express Credit Cards Review
        • American Express Airpoints Platinum Review
        • American Express Gold Rewards Card Review
        • AMEX Comparison - Airpoints Platinum vs Gold Rewards
        • American Express Free Card vs Airpoints Platinum
        • American Express Platinum Card Review
        • American Express Membership Rewards Program Review
        • AMEX Cardholder Feedback
        • The Best Ways to Spend AMEX Membership Rewards Points
        • Qantas Credit Cards
        • Singapore Airlines KrisFlyer Credit Cards
        • Cathay Pacific Asia Miles Credit Cards
        • Emirates Skywards Credit Cards
        • RewardPay Review
      • Flight Centre Mastercard Review
    • Guides
      • Pay Off Credit Card Debt
      • Credit Card Basics
      • Mastercard vs Visa
      • Credit Card Minimum Payments Explained
      • Where is Amex Accepted?
      • Credit Card Interest Calculator
      • How to Request a Credit Card Chargeback
    • Other Credit Cards
      • Travel Money Cards
        • Australia Travel Money
        • Bali Travel Money
        • Fiji Travel Money
        • Rarotonga Travel Money
        • UK Travel Money
      • Wise Debit Card Review
      • Revolut Review
      • Revolut vs Wise - Which Is Better?
      • Travelex Money Card vs Wise Debit Card Comparison
      • OneSmart Card vs Wise Debit Card Comparison
      • Cash Passport vs Wise Debit Card Comparison
      • Best Foreign Currency Debit & Credit Cards
      • Free Credit Cards
      • Low Interest Credit Cards
      • Credit Cards for Bad Credit
      • Q Card & Q Mastercard Review
      • GEM Visa Review
      • Onecard Visa Review
      • Purple Visa Review
  • Banking & Savings
    • Banking
      • Best Bank Accounts
      • Best Debit Cards
      • Best Joint Bank Accounts
      • Kids Bank Accounts
      • Cut Overdraft Costs
      • Private Banking
      • International Money Transfers
      • Open an Australian Bank Account from New Zealand
      • Open a UK Bank Account from New Zealand
    • Savings
      • Best Term Deposits
      • Booster Savvy Review
      • Best PIE Term Deposits
      • Best Call Accounts
      • Best Savings Accounts
      • Term Deposit Alternatives
    • Guides and Resources
      • Banks vs Credit Unions
      • Open Banking Guide
      • NZ Bank Prefix Codes
    • Reviews
      • Wise International Money Transfer Review
      • Heartland Bank Review
      • First Credit Union Review
      • NZCU Baywide Review
      • The Co-operative Bank NZ Review
      • Western Union Review
  • Mortgages
    • Mortgage Essentials
      • Best Home Loans
      • Mortgage Calculator
      • How Much Can I Borrow?
      • Debt to Income Ratios
      • Equity (and Leverage) Calculator
      • Mortgage Repayment Calculator
      • Mortgage Options
      • Mortgage Cashback
    • Other Mortgage Options
      • Interest-Only Mortgages Guide
      • Interest-Only Mortgage Calculator
      • Revolving Credit Mortgages
      • Offset Mortgages
      • Offset Mortgage Calculator
      • Fixed vs Floating Mortgage Rate Calculator
      • Understanding Interest Rate Swaps
      • What is the OCR?
    • Alternative Mortgage Options
      • Low-Deposit Home Loans
      • Rent to Own Homes
      • First Home Loan Guide
      • Reverse Mortgages
    • Mortgage Management
      • Saving for a House Deposit
      • Pay Off Your Mortgage Faster
      • Mortgage Overpayment Calculator
      • Remortgaging Guide
      • Mortgage Relief and Holidays
      • Amortisation Calculator
      • Mortgage Break Fees
      • Defaulting on a Mortgage
      • High Deposit Mortgages
      • Negative Equity
      • How to Manage Higher Mortgage Payments
      • Mortgage Refinance Calculator
    • Mortgage Brokers
      • Mortgage Brokers Explained
      • Trusted Auckland Mortgage Brokers
      • Trusted Hamilton Mortgage Brokers
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers in Tauranga
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers in Napier and Hastings
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers in Wellington
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers in Christchurch
    • Buying a Home
      • First Home Buyers Checklist
      • Home Buying Glossary
      • Best House Price & Valuation Websites in New Zealand
      • New Zealand Property Types
      • Rateable Value vs Market Value
      • Leasehold Property Guide
      • Conveyancing vs Lawyers
      • Buying an Apartment in New Zealand
      • Buying vs Renting a House
    • Selling a Home
      • How to Sell Your House Privately
      • Real Estate Agent Fees
      • Bridging Finance
    • Property Investment
      • Investment Property Mortgages
      • Renting Directly to Tenants vs Using an Agent
    • Building a House
      • Average Building Cost Per Square Metre
      • Cost to Build a New House
      • Buying Land to Build a House
      • Construction Loans
      • Tiny Homes in New Zealand
  • KiwiSaver
    • KiwiSaver Basics
      • Our Favourite KiwiSaver Funds
      • Is KiwiSaver Safe?
      • Choosing a KiwiSaver Fund
      • Choosing Your KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Balanced vs Moderate vs Growth KiwiSaver Funds - What is right for me?
      • KiwiSaver Must-Know Facts
      • Opting out of KiwiSaver
      • What Do I Do With My KiwiSaver When I Retire?
      • KiwiSaver Withdrawal
      • Switching KiwiSaver Funds
      • KiwiSaver Robo and Digital Advice Tools
      • Ethical Kiwisaver Funds
      • KiwiSaver Private Equity Investments
    • KiwiSaver Contributions & Tax
      • Your KiwiSaver Contributions
      • KiwiSaver Contributions - Gross or Net?
      • Employer KiwiSaver Contributions
      • Government KiwiSaver Contributions
      • KiwiSaver Savings Suspensions
      • Voluntary Contributions
      • What's My PIR?
      • KiwiSaver and Tax
    • KiwiSaver for Life Events and Specific Situations
      • Average KiwiSaver Balance by Age
      • KiwiSaver First-Home Withdrawal
      • KiwiSaver First Home Grant Guide
      • KiwiSaver Hardship Applications
      • KiwiSaver in a Divorce or Separation
      • KiwiSaver for Kids
    • KiwiSaver Schemes
      • Amanah KiwiSaver Scheme
      • AMP KiwiSaver Scheme
      • ANZ KiwiSaver Scheme
      • ASB KiwiSaver Scheme
      • AON KiwiSaver Scheme
      • BNZ KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Booster KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Fisher Funds KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Generate KiwiSaver Scheme
      • InvestNow KiwiSaver Scheme
      • JUNO KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Kernel KiwiSaver Review
      • Kiwi Wealth KiwiSaver Scheme
      • kōura Wealth KiwiSaver Review
      • Lifestages KiwiSaver Scheme
      • MAS KiwiSaver Scheme
        • MAS Review
      • Mercer KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Milford KiwiSaver Plan
      • New Zealand Defence Force KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Nikko AM KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Pathfinder KiwiSaver Review
      • QuayStreet KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Simplicity KiwiSaver Review
      • Summer KiwiSaver Scheme
      • SuperLife Review
      • Westpac KiwiSaver Scheme
    • KiwiSaver Calculators
      • KiwiSaver Calculator
      • KiwiSaver Returns Calculator
  • Business
    • Compare Business Loans
      • Business Line of Credit
      • Business Borrowing Options
      • Small Business Loans
      • Operating Leases
      • Finance Leases
      • Operating Leases vs Financing Leases
      • Prospa Business Loans Review
      • Bizcap Business Loans Review
    • Business Insurance
      • Public Liability Insurance
      • Business Interruption Insurance
      • Professional Indemnity Insurance
    • Business Credit Cards
    • Business Essentials
      • Money Saving Tips For Businesses
      • Get Debtors to Pay Overdue Invoices
      • Working Capital
      • Liquidations and Receiverships
      • Can't Make Payroll Guide
      • Buying out a Business Partner
      • Business Brokers
    • Business Calculators
      • Business Loan Calculator
      • ROI Calculator
      • IRR Calculator
      • Internal Rate of Return
      • Percent Off Calculator
      • Profit Margin Calculator
      • Current Ratio Calculator
      • Quick Ratio Calculator
    • Online Services
      • Domain Names
      • Trusted Web Designers
        • Auckland Web Designers
        • Hamilton Web Designers
        • Wellington Web Designers
        • Christchurch Web Designers
        • Tauranga Web Designers
        • Lower Hutt Web Designers
        • Dunedin Web Designers
      • Digital Identity Programs and Online Verification Tools
      • Social Media Influencer Marketing
      • PayPal NZ Account Fees
      • Paypal vs Stripe Review
      • Hnry Review
      • n3 Trade Card Review
      • Plain English Awards
    • For Startups
      • How to Start a Business in New Zealand
      • Raising Capital
      • Product Market Fit
      • Crowdfunding vs Bank Financing
      • Blackbird vs Movac
      • How to Become an Angel Investor
      • How to Raise Money from Angel Investors
      • Alternatives to VC Funding
      • Hiring for a Startup
      • VCFO (Virtual CFO)
      • New Zealand Startup and Founder Incubators
      • Expanding Offshore
      • New Zealand Invoice Template
      • Business Podcasts
  • MSD
    • Navigating Work and Income Benefits
    • Jobseeker Support Benefit Rates 2023 and 2024
    • Jobseeker Support Guide
    • Accommodation Supplement Guide
    • Disability Allowance
    • MyMSD
    • Community Services Card
    • Hardship Assistance - Urgent Costs and Living Expense Assistance
    • Loans for Unemployed
    • Working for Families Guide
    • Childcare Subsidies in New Zealand
    • NZ Superannuation in a Nutshell
    • Superannuation Rates 2023
    • Government Departments Helping New Zealanders Directly
    • COVID-19 Help
    • Food Grants Guide
    • Food Banks Directory
      • Food Banks Auckland
      • Food Banks Northland
      • Food Banks Hamilton Waikato
      • Food Banks Wellington
      • Food Banks Christchurch
  • Motoring
    • Buying and Selling a Car
      • Car Valuations
      • Buying a Used Car
      • Selling a Car
      • CarJam Review
      • CarJam vs MotorWeb Car Report Comparison
      • Top Cars that Hold Their Value
      • Vehicle Leasing
      • Car Registration in New Zealand
    • Everyday Driving
      • Costs of Owning a Car
      • 20 Ways to Make Driving Cheaper
      • Gaspy App Review
      • Parking Tickets
      • AA Membership Review
      • Best Car Batteries
      • Best Electric Cars
    • Warrant of Fitness
      • Guide to Warrant of Fitness
      • Warrant of Fitness Auckland
      • Warrant of Fitness Hamilton
      • Warrant of Fitness Tauranga
      • Warrant of Fitness Lower Hutt
      • Warrant of Fitness Wellington
      • Warrant of Fitness Christchurch
      • Warrant of Fitness Dunedin
  • Law
    • Wills Guide
    • Separation Agreements
    • Prenuptial Agreements
    • Divorce Guide
    • Trusts Guide
    • Enduring Power of Attorney Guide
    • Living Wills Guide
    • Probate
    • Agreeable Review
    • Footprint Online Wills Review
    • Perpetual Guardian
  • Job Hunting
    • Job Applications
      • CV Templates & Tips
      • Cover Letters
      • Common Interview Questions
    • Guides & Resources
      • How to Improve Your LinkedIn Profile
      • Part-Time Jobs Guide
      • Redundancy Payouts and Entitlements
      • How to Get Promoted
      • Self-Employment Guide
      • Workplace Bullying
    • Recruitment Agencies
      • Recruitment Agencies Auckland
      • Recruitment Agencies Wellington
      • Recruitment Agencies Christchurch
  • Travel
    • How to Get Access to Airport Lounges
    • Flybuys Review
    • Fastest Way To Earn Air NZ Status Points
    • How to Redeem Air New Zealand Airpoints Dollars
    • Air New Zealand Koru Membership Review
    • Air New Zealand Travel Tips
    • Air NZ Upgrade Guide
    • Airpoints Flexipay Guide
    • No Nonsense Upgrade Guide
    • Cheap Domestic Flights
    • Car Rental Hire
    • Auckland Airport Car Parking
    • First Table Guide
    • Accor Plus Review
    • Queenstown Like a Local
    • Auckland Travel for Less
    • Hotel Booking Sites Compared
    • 100+ Free Things to do in Auckland
    • Layby Flights Guide
    • Airbnb Refunds (Coronavirus)
    • Air New Zealand Refunds & Credits
    • Google Flights Guide
    • Skyscanner Guide
    • Working Holiday Visas
    • Currency Converter
    • Qatar Airways Travel Tips
    • Foreign Currency Exchange
      • Australian Dollars Exchange Rate
      • American Dollars Exchange Rate
      • British Pound Exchange Rate
      • Canadian Dollars Exchange Rate
      • Euro Exchange Rate
      • Fijian Dollars Exchange Rate
      • Hong Kong Dollar Exchange Rate
      • Korean Won Exchange Rate
      • Indian Rupee Exchange Rate
      • Japanese Yen Exchange Rate
      • Malaysian Ringgit Exchange Rate
      • South African Rand Exchange Rate
      • Singapore Dollars Exchange Rate
      • Thai Baht Exchange Rate
      • Chinese Yuan Exchange Rate
  • Broadband
    • Compare Broadband Plans
    • No Contract Broadband
    • Rural Broadband Plans
    • Internet Speed Test
    • Broadband Provider Reviews
      • 2degrees Broadband Review
      • Bigpipe Broadband Review
      • Compass Broadband Review
      • Contact Broadband Review
      • Electric Kiwi Broadband Review
      • Farmside Broadband Review
      • Flip Broadband Review
      • Mercury Broadband Review
      • MyRepublic Broadband Review
      • NOW Broadband Review
      • One NZ Broadband Review
      • Orcon Broadband Review
      • Spark Broadband Review
      • Skinny Review
      • Slingshot Broadband Review
      • Starlink Review
      • Voyager Broadband Review
      • Wireless Nation Broadband Review
  • Power
    • Compare Power Companies
    • Power and Broadband Bundles
    • How to Lower Your Power Bills
    • Fixed Contracts vs Open Power Plans – What You Need to Know
    • Electric Vehicle Power Plans
    • How to Use Less Power
    • Power Companies
      • Contact Energy Review
      • Ecotricity Review
      • Electric Kiwi Review
      • Flick Electric Review
      • Frank Energy Review
      • Genesis Energy Review
      • Globug Review
      • Mercury Review
      • Meridian Energy Review
      • Nova Energy Review
      • Powershop Review
      • Z Energy Power Review
  • Financial Independence
    • FIRE Guides
      • Retirement in a Nutshell
      • How to Retire Early
      • FIRE Explained
      • The Four Percent Rule
      • Achieving Financial Independence, Faster
      • Five Types of FIRE Plans
      • Getting FIRE’d in New Zealand
      • FIRE and NZ Real Estate
    • FIRE Tools
      • Budgeting Apps
      • Debt Repayment Apps
      • Free Financial Literacy Classes
      • Free Financial Products
      • 50/30/20 Budget Calculator
      • Budget Planner
    • Tax
      • Beginner's Guide to Tax
      • Salary Sacrifice in New Zealand
      • Tax Bracket Creep
      • Tax Refunds
    • Money Tips
      • 20 Things to Stop Buying to Have More Money
      • 20 Indicators You're Doing Well Financially
      • 20 Must-Know Money Lessons (Learned From Experience)
      • 20 Money Habits that Keep You Poor
      • Saving on Household Bills
      • Debt Help
      • CAP (Christians Against Poverty) Review
      • Debtfix Review
      • Getting into Debt to Meet Short Term Living Costs
      • How to Survive a Recession
      • Average NZ Salary by Age
      • How to Maximise Income in Retirement
      • How to Handle Rising Interest Rates
      • Free Money from the Government
      • Bankruptcy Guide
      • Unclaimed Money in New Zealand
      • Financial Planning for Children With Disabilities
      • Should I Stop Contributing to KiwiSaver?
      • Teaching Kids About Money
      • Single Parenting and Money
      • How to Protect Your Finances from Inflation
      • Impacts of Inflation in New Zealand - 2022 and Beyond
      • Tips for Families on a Single Income
      • Side Hustles
      • Charities in New Zealand
      • Lending Money to Friends & Family
      • Guarantors - Loans and Mortgages
  • Trade & Professional Services
    • Auckland Trade & Professional Services
      • Acupuncture Auckland
      • Arborists Auckland
      • Asbestos Removal Auckland
      • Auto Electricians Auckland
      • Bathroom Renovations Auckland
      • Builders Auckland
      • Building Inspectors Auckland
      • Cabinet Makers Auckland
      • Car Detailing Auckland ​
      • Catering Auckland
      • Cattery Auckland
      • Chimney Sweep Auckland
      • Chiropractors Auckland
      • Cleaners Auckland
      • Computer Repair Experts Auckland
      • Concreters Auckland
      • Dentists Auckland
      • Dog Boarding Kennels Auckland
      • Dog Daycare Auckland
      • Dog Grooming Auckland
      • Dry Cleaners Auckland
      • Electricians Auckland
      • Eyelash Extensions Auckland
      • Firewood Auckland
      • Flooring Companies Auckland
      • Fridge Repair Auckland
      • Garage Door Repair Auckland
      • Glaziers Auckland
      • Graphic Design Auckland
      • Gutter Cleaning Auckland
      • Gym Memberships Auckland
      • Hair Salons Auckland
      • Heat Pump & AC Specialists Auckland
      • Home Security Systems Auckland
      • Korean BBQ Auckland
      • Land Surveyors Auckland
      • Landscapers Auckland
      • Lawn Mowing Services Auckland
      • Locksmiths Auckland
      • Mechanics Auckland
      • Makeup Artists Auckland
      • Naturopaths Auckland
      • Optometrists Auckland
      • Painters Auckland
      • Panel Beaters Auckland
      • Personal Trainers Auckland
      • Pest Control Auckland
      • Plumbers Auckland
      • Podiatrists Auckland
      • Puppy School Auckland
      • Roofing Auckland
      • Scaffolding Auckland
      • Screen Printing Auckland
      • Solar Panels Auckland
      • Quality Tyres Auckland
      • Wedding Car Hire Auckland
      • Wedding Celebrant Auckland
      • Wedding Photographers Auckland
      • Wedding Videographers Auckland
      • Window Tinting Auckland
    • Wellington Trade Services
      • Arborists Wellington
      • Bathroom Renovations Wellington
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Working Capital (and How to Improve It) - The Definitive New Zealand Guide

Maximize your business's financial health with our guide on working capital. Learn how to calculate it, improve it, and answer frequently asked questions for a successful financial future.
Working Capital Formula
Updated 6 February 2023

What is Working Capital?

​A company's working capital is the difference between a company's assets and its liabilities:
  • Current assets include cash on hand and money coming in (accounts receivable) and inventory of both finished products and raw material. 
  • Current liabilities include anything that 'takes away' from the company, such as unpaid bills. 

For example, if a café has $50,000 in current assets (bank account balances, coffee and other food and drink stock ) and $30,000 in current liabilities (wages due to staff, a rent bill, a water bill and a supplier bill), its working capital would be $20,000 ($50,000 less $30,000). 

Working Capital is a measure of its liquidity and indicates how a company will fare financially. A company with positive working capital has the possibility of growth; a company with negative working capital may have trouble paying its bills and staying open. Our guide covers:
  • How to Calculate Working Capital
  • How to Improve Working Capital
  • Frequently Asked Questions

Know This: Thousands of New Zealand businesses have closed due to negative working capital. It happens very easily - debts quickly build up faster than cashflow. After a certain point, the business becomes financially stressed, and the owners make hard decisions about its future.

Working Capital Formula

How to Calculate Working Capital

Calculating working capital is simple:

Current assets – Current liabilities = Working capital

Here's what's included in each:
  1. Current assets – Any asset listed on the balance sheet that you'll own or receive within the next 12 months. It may include cash, inventory, and accounts receivable. It may also include any other assets you have or will receive within the next 12 months.
  2. Current liabilities – Any expense you have now or within the next 12 months is a liability. It includes wages, taxes due, accounts payable, and any other current expenses.​​

​The Main Components of Working Capital (and why they matter)

Positive working capital signifies that a company is healthy and can manage its incomings and outgoings with ease. Breaking down working capital means looking at the significant components that make it up, including:
  1. Accounts receivable – This is the money due to a company. They demonstrate the products or services provided and are waiting for payment. They count as an asset because it's money that is will hit the company's bank account. The longer the payment terms extended to the client (i.e. 7 days, 21 days, 20th of the following month etc), the longer the wait for cash.  
  2. Accounts payable – Just as a business has money coming in, every business has money going out. Any services or products received that isn't paid yet is classified as accounts payable. Positive working capital means a company positively balances between accounts receivable and accounts payable, not over-extending itself in either area.
  3. Inventory – A company's inventory is a large component of the working capital because it's a sign of how a company turns materials into sales. Investors also look at how quickly inventory is turned over (faster means more sales and, in most cases, greater profits). Inventory plays into a company's working capital, proving whether the business handles inventory well or overextends itself.

Working Capital Formula

How to Improve Working Capital

A healthy working capital ratio is crucial to allow any business meet unexpected expenses, take advantage of new opportunities, and ensure long-term stability. Improving working capital isn't difficult but does take some Here are some tips and strategies for improving your company's working capital:
  1. Manage your inventory carefully: One of the largest assets for many small businesses is inventory, and managing it effectively can significantly impact working capital. Keep inventory levels low, ensure inventory is turning over quickly, and carefully manage slow-moving items (by getting them sold). Consider implementing an inventory management system to streamline your processes and ensure that you have accurate and up-to-date information.
  2. Improve cash flow management: Effective cash flow management is critical for maintaining a healthy working capital balance. Make sure you accurately track your income and expenses and prioritize paying bills on time. You may also consider implementing a system for managing and tracking payments and collections, such as a software system (Xero, MYOB) or an accounts payable/receivable process.
  3. Negotiate payment terms with suppliers: The payment terms you have with your suppliers can significantly impact your working capital. Try negotiating longer payment terms with suppliers (e.g. 60-90 days), or consider using a purchase order invoice financing program to help manage cash flow.
  4. Increase sales: Increasing sales is a straightforward way to improve working capital. This can be achieved through various means, including expanding your customer base, launching new products, or investing in marketing and advertising.
  5. Utilize factoring or short-term loans: If your business struggles with working capital, you may consider using invoice factoring or a short-term business loan to help manage your cash flow. These options can provide the financial resources you need to maintain operations and take advantage of new opportunities.
  6. Monitor your accounts receivable: Managing accounts receivable is a key part of maintaining a healthy working capital balance. Regularly monitor your accounts receivable, follow up on past-due invoices (our guide to chasing late debtors makes this easy), and implement a process for collecting payments.
  7. Assess and reduce debt. Reducing debt is an effective way to improve working capital, as it frees up cash that can be used to pay bills and meet short-term obligations. Assess your current debt levels, negotiate better interest rates, and explore debt consolidation options to reduce your overall debt load.

Know This: Improving working capital is crucial for small businesses long-term success and stability. By implementing these strategies and continually monitoring and assessing your financial situation, you can ensure that your business has the resources it needs to grow and thrive.
However, the tips and strategies presented here are general in nature and may not be applicable to all small businesses. It's always a good idea to seek advice from a business accountant before making any major financial decisions.

Working Capital Formula

Working Capital - Frequently Asked Questions

Why is Working Capital Important?

All companies need working capital to stay in business. You could have a sales machine and high accounts receivable balance. Still, if you never receive payment (or have to incur more costs chasing), the long-term business operations are seriously limited. 

Working capital is what keeps your business running – you always need money to operate your business efficiently, whether that means paying wages, taxes, buying new products or equipment, or investing in the business in other ways. If you don't have any working capital, none of this is possible, and you could end up out of business.

What Affects Working Capital?

Working capital can fluctuate throughout a business's lifetime, and the exact amount or ration will depends on what is going on at any given time. For example:
  • A company that's expanding may have low working capital because it has a lot more expenditures as it invests in its product line or moves into new markets. Cash flow may fall for the time being, but will eventually come back up as the business takes off in the new markets.
  • A company's working capital may also fall if the accounts payable get too high. If you don't stay on top of your accounts payable and/or get in over your head, it depletes your current assets and is reflected in the lower working capital.
  • ​Working capital may also fall if sales fall. Inventory may increase at this time, but accounts receivable (sales) fall the most, which hurts your working capital overall. 

What is a good level of working capital?

Ideally, you want a working capital of at least 1.0. Anything below that (or negative) shows lenders and creditors that your business is in trouble. If working capital is negative, the business has liquidity problems. It may not have high enough sales (i.e. cashflow) to stay profitable (or return to profitability if it's already loss-making). 

On average, lenders and creditors look for a working capital ratio of 1.2 to 2.0. This represents a healthy company that can handle its ins and outs and has enough liquidity to keep operating and/or to grow.

What does working capital tell you?

Working capital tells investors or creditors whether or not you're a financial risk. If you have low or negative working capital, you may not have enough money to pay your bills, making investors and creditors hesitant to continue supporting you.

If you have good working capital, you are a good risk and will have more opportunities with investors, suppliers, and lenders.

How does a company's credit policy affect its working capital?

A company's credit policy is important. If it's too tight (i.e. 5-10 day payment terms), it may stop others from buying from them, decreasing their accounts receivable. If it's too loose, though, it could make customers take too long to pay, but it may increase their purchase amount.

Does working capital change?

Yes - working capital is constantly changing as your accounts receivable and accounts payable continually change. Accounting software like Xero and MYOB calculate it daily as your current assets and liabilities change.

Do companies require working capital to grow?

Yes - working capital is essential to a company's growth. Without it, growth prospects are limited because money on hand must pay bills first to keep creditors under control. This is a massive distraction for the business and therefore limits growth. ​

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