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Moving to Australia - Must-Know Considerations and Useful Tips

Our guide explains must-know essentials, including visas and citizenship, choosing your Australian city, living costs, setting up a bank account, the logistics of moving, finding a job, retirement contributions and payments, servicing student loans, healthcare and taxes, as well as listing must-know facts and common questions.
Updated 16 June 2024

Introduction
  • The Kiwi brain drain is real. With the cost of living, high interest/mortgage rates, and stagnant wage growth putting pressure on many New Zealand households, it's no surprise that more New Zealanders than ever before are considering moving to Australia. Whether it's for the sunnier shores, the promise of adventure and something new or the higher salaries, Australia presents a compelling case for New Zealanders of all ages.
  • While some have thrown everything they own in a few suitcases and booked a one-way flight, in reality, there are far more variables to consider that many New Zealanders ultimately scramble to sort out at the last minute. Many have encountered unexpected complications or don't know what to do regarding administrative or cultural things (especially financial things like tax, rent, bonds, medical care and superannuation).
  • Our first-of-its-kind guide walks you through everything you need to know so you can minimise confusion and wasted time if and when you decide to make the move.
  • Suggested reading: Stuff.co.nz published a comprehensive review in June 2024, interviewing New Zealanders living in Australia about their experiences. The article also features MoneyHub. 

​Know This: Why Australia? When does it make the most sense to move to Australia?
New Zealanders move to Australia for all different sorts of reasons. Some of the main reasons include:
  1. More Job opportunities (and higher pay).
  2. A change of scenery (maybe you’ve lived in New Zealand your entire life).
  3. New experiences (such as surfing the Gold Coast or working in the hustle of Sydney CBD).

More Details:

MoneyHub Founder Christopher Walsh shares his views on moving to Australia:

"I've encountered numerous stories of New Zealanders who've moved to Australia, and the consensus is largely positive. Sure, there are moments when they miss out on family events back in New Zealand – the birthdays, the impromptu family gatherings – but the opportunities and advantages they find in Australia seem to make up for these missed moments.

One of the most apparent benefits of living in Australia is the financial aspect. Across the board, salaries in Australia are higher, regardless of the profession. This can substantially impact your lifestyle and savings.

Career-wise, Australia is a land of abundant opportunities. It's not just about the number of jobs but the quality of these roles – the career development opportunities, the professional growth prospects, and the industries that might not be as robust or present in New Zealand.

Regarding housing, Australia offers a more accessible market for buying a home. This is a major draw, especially given the New Zealand housing market mess. 

Another aspect that stands out is the superannuation system in Australia. Unlike KiwiSaver, it's compulsory and offers a more structured approach to retirement savings, without the flexibility of withdrawals for housing or hardships that arguably hold New Zealanders back from long-term balanced growth.

Australia manages to get many things right where New Zealand struggles. Without going into specifics, Australia's systems and processes seem more effective and well-implemented. This doesn't mean New Zealand doesn't have its strengths, but in certain areas, especially economically and professionally, Australia has a noticeable edge".
MoneyHub Founder
Christopher Walsh

15 Must-Know Considerations for Any New Zealander Considering Moving to Australia:

There's a lot to cover when it comes to moving to Australia. Because of the significant breadth and depth of the topics associated with moving abroad to Australia as a New Zealander, we've segmented each section into its distinct topic:
  1. Visas and Citizenship
  2. Choosing Which Australian City You Want to Live In
  3. Comparing Living Costs
  4. Banking, Finance and Foreign Exchange Fees
  5. Logistics of Moving to Australia (Moving, Administration, Rent, Set-up)
  6. Finding a Job
  7. Retirement Contributions (Aus Super vs KiwiSaver)
  8. Retirement Payments (Age Pension vs NZ Super)
  9. Student Loans
  10. Healthcare
  11. Taxes
  12. Moving Pets to Australia
  13. Rental Costs
  14. Cost of Car Ownership
  15. Childcare Costs

Our guide also covers:

Our Top-Rated 'Moving to Australia' Money Solution - The Wise Debit Card

Christopher Walsh
MoneyHub Founder (and Frequent User of Wise)
We like the Wise Debit Card because it lets you:
  1. Get the best exchange rates out of any card on the market in New Zealand, including AUD.
  2. Operate an Australian account so you can paid and make payments, as outined in our Opening an Australian Bank Account from New Zealand guide.
  3. Spend in Australia without hidden fees, and track all your spending through their app. 
  4. Go 'cardless' by connecting your Wise card to Apple Pay or Google Pay
  5. Order the card with a low one-off $14 card issue fee and set it up in minutes via the Wise website or app.

Our view:
  • The Wise Debit Card has no tricky fees, and is years ahead of all the other traditional travel money cards and offers a seamless solution for getting paid by your employer in Australia.
  • You will convert NZD to AUD and AUD back to NZD at the best exchange rates and pay very low fees on each transaction. Best of all, it's easy to use and won't confuse you the way traditional travel money cards might.
  • There may be fees for anyone who relies on physical cash - you can make two withdrawals of up to NZ$350/month in total (or the equivalent foreign currency) without any fees. However, after NZ$350, you will pay ATM fees (NZ$1.50/withdrawal) and a 1.75% commission. These fees are not charged when you use the card to pay online or in-store.​

Visa Requirements and Australian Citizenship for New Zealanders

If you ARE a New Zealand Citizen:
  • The Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement allows New Zealanders to indefinitely visit, study, live, and work in Australia. Most New Zealand citizens will have these privileges without submitting any visa application or documentation.
  • New Zealand citizens are typically granted an automatic Special Category Visa (SCV) upon entry to Australia, provided they meet certain health and character criteria. This process is electronic and does not involve physical documentation at the border.
  • The SCV is void upon leaving Australia (in other words, you get issued an SCV every time you enter Australia, which gets revoked every time you leave the country). However, don't worry - you'll always be able to get a new SCV no matter how many times you enter or exit Australia.

What's the difference between being a New Zealander on SCV 444 and an Australian citizen?
  • However, it's vital to recognise that this visa doesn't afford the same rights to voting rights, welfare, student allowances, or loans as Australian citizens. Additionally, those receiving an NZ Super pension should verify if they qualify for a similar benefit in Australia before relocating. More information on SCVs can be found at the Australian Home Affairs website.

If you’re NOT a New Zealand Citizen:
  • You'll need a work visa if you're not a New Zealand citizen (e.g., a New Zealand permanent resident). The easiest way to get a work visa is to have a job offer from an Australian-based employer.
  • There are a multitude of different work visas that Australia offers. Some of the most popular work visas include:
  1. Temporary Skills Shortage Visas (Subclass 482)
  2. Employer Nomination Scheme Visas (Subclass 186)
  3. Skilled Employer Sponsored Regional (Provisional) Visas (Subclass 494)
  4. Working Holiday Visas (Subclass 417)
  5. Training Visas (Subclass 407)
  6. Work and Holiday Visa (Subclass 462)
  7. Temporary Work (Short Stay Specialist) Visa (Subclass 400)

Know This: Australia's immigration system caters to skilled professionals, highly specialised workers, and business investors. Verify the visa you require on the Australian Department of Home Affairs website and, if needed, seek an immigration expert's advice for the application process. The Australian Government has set up a quiz that helps people understand what visa is the best option for them (out of the 43 different visas they offer).

Special Category Visa Exclusions
For most people, SCVs are automatic, and nothing will need to be done explicitly to apply for or extend the visa. However, there are exclusions to this SCV programme - for example, where criminal convictions are concerned, whether there are issues with passports or whether your spouse/partner isn't a New Zealand citizen. The New Zealand Embassy with the Australian High Commission has a comprehensive FAQ guide to answering these queries.

New Zealand Citizens who want Australian Citizenship - Must Know Information:

A new direct pathway to Australian citizenship, effective 1 July 2023, has been introduced for eligible New Zealand citizens residing in Australia for four years.

Eligibility for Australian Citizenship for New Zealand Citizens
  • Australian permanent residents or New Zealand citizens can apply for Australian citizenship (by conferral). As of 1 July 2023, a novel, direct route to Australian citizenship becomes accessible for qualified New Zealand citizens with over four years of residency in Australia.
  • Announced on April 22, 2023, this new citizenship pathway is designed for eligible New Zealanders residing in Australia on valid visas for the four years preceding their application, with an absence from Australia not exceeding twelve months in total during those four years and no more than ninety days in the year immediately before applying.

The legislation will benefit New Zealanders holding temporary, special category visas (SCV) who have been Australian residents for four years and who meet the standard citizenship criteria – this includes:
  • Passing an English language test (ELT)
  • Showing "adequate knowledge" of Australia
  • Fulfilling character requirements and intentions to reside in Australia

No income requirement or health assessment is stipulated for this process.

Frequently Asked Questions related to Visas and Citizenship:

Is a visa required for New Zealanders to live and work in Australia?
New Zealand citizens typically don't require a visa application to reside and work in Australia. Upon arrival with a New Zealand passport, a Special Category Visa (SCV) is electronically allocated, allowing indefinite stay and employment. However, circumstances like a criminal record or health issues, specifically tuberculosis, may affect SCV eligibility. For comprehensive visa eligibility details, refer to the Australian Home Affairs website.

Can I have Dual Citizenship as an Australian and New Zealand Citizen?
Yes, New Zealanders can retain their passport upon Australian citizenship, upholding dual nationality.

More Details:

Which Australian city is best for me?

Just like each New Zealand city offers something different, Australian cities will also offer their unique flair. However, the three main things to consider when deciding which city is right for you include:

1) Job Offers and Opportunities
New Zealanders often move to the city where they can find the easiest job. If you work in a corporate or white-collar environment (accounting, marketing, sales or tech), working in larger urban cities like Sydney or Melbourne might make more sense, given the abundance of firms (and jobs). If you're working in the tradie profession or other "blue collar" type roles (such as mining or construction), places like Perth and Brisbane have many companies that are looking for FIFO (Fly In, Fly Out) or heavily physical/seasonal roles.

2) Lifestyle
Each city will have its unique flair and characteristics that differentiate it from others. For example, Sydney is known for its hustle and great beaches (e.g. Bondi or Coogee). Melbourne is known for its quirky cafe scene and great coffee culture. Brisbane is known for its hot, stable, warm weather and great beaches (particularly in the Gold Coast and Noosa). Whether you like beach, city, or rural life, each city offers its unique lifestyle for New Zealanders.

3) Cost of Living
Similar to New Zealand, the cost of living will vary drastically depending on your city. Just like Auckland and Wellington are the most expensive New Zealand cities to rent and live in (even compared to the rest of the world), Sydney and Melbourne will be the most expensive cities by far in Australia.
 
Generally speaking (on the whole, when looking at Australia versus New Zealand), the cost of living in Australia is marginally more expensive than New Zealand (based on the recent inflation data per NZHerald reporting). However, it will vary drastically depending on the city you're comparing and whether inflation includes additional things above and beyond food, such as power, utilities and transportation.

What’s it like living in Australia?
Based on anecdotes from New Zealanders who’ve recently moved over to Australia (largely generated from the Reddit Personal Finance NZ page), here are a few of the top insights into Australian life:
  • Australians largely embrace the easy-going "no worries" attitude that New Zealanders also have.
  • Despite myths, deadly creatures (like spiders and snakes) are not a common concern and are mostly found in remote areas.
  • Dining establishments are accommodating to those with dietary restrictions.
  • Australians are just as obsessed with their sports as New Zealanders are (especially with things like the AFL).
  • Similar to New Zealand, tipping is not a standard practice in Australia.

Table 1 - Which city should I Move to in Australia? What city is the best?
City
Population (approx)
Comparable NZ City (Subjective)
Median House Price (approx)
Median Rent (Weekly, approx)
Primary Industries & Employment Sectors
Sydney
5.3 million
​Auckland
AUD 1,150,00
​AUD 550 (house), AUD 470 (unit)
​Finance, Manufacturing, Tourism
​Melbourne
5.1 million
Wellington
AUD 900,000
AUD 430 (house), AUD 400 (unit)
Finance, Education, Technology, Culture
Brisbane
2.4 million
Tauranga
AUD 680,000
AUD 410 (house), AUD 380 (unit)
Mining, Finance, Technology
Perth
2.0 million
Tauranga
AUD 550,000
AUD 360 (house), AUD 330 (unit)
Mining, Agriculture, Tourism
Adelaide
​1.3 million
Christchurch
AUD 550,000
AUD 390 (house), AUD 340 (unit)
Healthcare, Education, Wine Production
Notes and Disclosures (Data Sources: Numbeo, Google, MoneyHub Estimates)
  • The table above provides a snapshot comparison, but those considering a move should also research factors like climate, lifestyle, transportation infrastructure, educational facilities, healthcare quality, and cultural offerings, as these aspects can significantly influence the desirability of a city.
  • The table above has been created with MoneyHub's best guess given the relative size of the population and similar climate and lifestyle. This is not a definitive like-for-like comparison but aims to give a rough approximation to guide MoneyHub readers.
  • All figures above are approximate and meant to give a rough idea of the characteristics of the city. These figures may not be the most current data.
  • Population figures are rounded based on the latest available data as of April 2023.
  • Median house prices and rent can vary significantly within the city based on the exact location and property type; the figures provided are general estimates.
  • Primary industries and employment sectors are broad and may include a range of sub-industries.

Comparison of living costs: Australia versus New Zealand

For this entire section, our source is Numbeo Australia Versus New Zealand (November 2023).

Headline Cost Comparisons:
  • Consumer Prices in New Zealand are 7.3% lower than in Australia (without rent).
  • Consumer Prices, Including Rent in New Zealand, are 12.2% lower than in Australia.
  • Rent Prices in New Zealand are 22.7% lower than in Australia.
  • Restaurant Prices in New Zealand are 7.9% lower than in Australia.
  • Groceries Prices in New Zealand are 6.0% lower than in Australia.
  • Local Purchasing Power in New Zealand is 2.0% higher than in Australia.

While there’s a widely held belief that the financials of moving to Australia are far better than New Zealand, the proof is in the pudding:
  1. Whether you’re better off in Australia versus New Zealand heavily depends on the cities you’re comparing. Costs will vary widely between each city. We recommend you go to Numbeo and plug in your current New Zealand and prospective Australian cities you might want to move to and see the relative cost increase/decrease.
  2. For example, if you live in Hamilton and want to see how much more expensive/cheap moving to Adelaide will be, you can go to Numbeo and compare Hamilton and Adelaide side by side.
  3. On a whole, New Zealand prices (rent, food, groceries, etc.) are lower than Australia, However, these costs don’t take into account salaries (which we detail below).

​How do salaries compare between Australia and New Zealand?

Comparing salaries, New Zealand salaries are roughly 10.5% lower than Australian salaries.​

How do rent/housing costs compare between Australia and New Zealand?

  • Housing costs are one of the most significant factors affecting the cost of living in both New Zealand and Australia.
  • In Australia, the average rent for a one-bedroom apartment in the city centre is around AUD 2,300 per month, while outside the city centre, it is about AUD 1,850 per month. In New Zealand, the average rent for a one-bedroom apartment in the city centre is approximately NZD 1,850 per month, while outside the city centre, it is about NZD 1,550 per month.
  • It's important to note that housing costs can vary significantly between cities in both countries. Sydney and Melbourne, for example, have higher housing costs than other Australian cities. In contrast, Auckland and Wellington have higher housing costs than other New Zealand cities.

How do transportation costs compare between Australia and New Zealand?

Transportation costs in both countries include public transport, private vehicles, and taxis. In Australia, a monthly public transport pass costs around AUD 140, while in New Zealand, the cost is around NZD 180. Petrol prices are also slightly higher in New Zealand, at approximately NZD 2.80 per litre compared to AUD 2.00 per litre in Australia.

How do restaurant costs compare between Australia and New Zealand?

Across the board, Australian restaurant prices are almost always more expensive than New Zealand restaurant prices (ranging from around 4% to 12% more expensive depending on what you’re buying).

How do supermarket costs compare between Australia and New Zealand?

Our summary shows differences. Specifically:
  • Some items (like fresh fruits and vegetables) are cheaper in Australia.
  • Daily products (eggs, cheese and meat) are more expensive in New Zealand.
  • Overall, in New Zealand, grocery prices are relatively higher, with a higher cost for dairy products, meat, and seafood. However, some items like bread and fresh produce are generally significantly cheaper.

Banking and Foreign Currency Exchange

How can I open an Australian Bank Account from New Zealand?
Most New Zealanders will have three main options regarding banking for those moving from New Zealand to Australia:
  1. Short-term solution: Spend using New Zealand-based banks or fintech and Neobank platforms that offer Australian-denominated accounts (such as Wise or Revolut).
  2. Long-term (faster access): Fill out an Australian banking application account before departing and "activate" the account once you arrive in Australia. Our guide to opening an Australian bank account from NZ has more details.
  3. Long-term (slower access): For those less prepared, opt for the conventional method by applying to open an Australian bank account once you've arrived in Australia without filling out a migrant investor pre-departure application process (this option is usually significantly slower and will require you to fill out more paperwork/AML/KYC checks).

Short-term Solution: Use NZ-based banks or fintech platforms:
  • If you're planning on taking a short vacation (<4 weeks) or a fixed-term secondment (e.g. around six months), then it's reasonable for you just to use your existing credit or debit card facilities (either through a main bank like ASB or ANZ or through Wise or Revolut).
  • While spending on your existing credit or debit cards with your main bank is much easier, note that there will almost always be a currency conversion fee (usually around 2 - 2.5% per transaction). You might not get the best currency conversion rates.
  • In contrast, when using platforms like Wise or Revolut, you’ll almost always get (1) a better currency conversion rate and (2) little or no currency conversion fees (as their platform and cards are designed to be used and spent internationally).

However, if you plan on staying there longer and want to establish yourself, get a consistent salary and need more credible bank accounts (for immigration, utilities, etc.). Trying to set up a dedicated account from an Australian bank might make sense.

The Process of Setting Up a Bank Account with a Leading Australian Bank

  • Commonwealth Bank of Australia (Commbank), ANZ, NAB, Westpac, and HSBC are among Australia's most prominent. Some banks allow future residents to establish an account before arrival, which can be advantageous in terms of saving time and paperwork.
  • Opening an account can vary in duration, and certain documentation might be required. However, you'll need to verify your identity at a local branch before you get full access to your account.
  • Establishing your identity is the primary requirement for opening a bank account in Australia. However, your identification must be presented in the specified format.
  • ​Our guide to opening an Australian bank account from NZ has more details.

Requirement of 100 Identification Points
Australia has a system where various ID forms are assigned point values. To open an account, you must provide IDs totalling 100 points, with a passport, for instance, valued at 80 points. Additional forms of ID that carry points include:
  • A driver's licence with a photo.
  • Lease documents for Australian property.
  • Passport.
  • Bills for utilities like electricity or telephone services (These documents must precisely match the applicant's name in spelling).

Consistency in Names on Driver License and Passport
Ensure that the name on your New Zealand driver's licence matches exactly with your passport before you leave New Zealand. If there is any discrepancy, it could lead to your ID being rejected.

Foreign Exchange (FX) - why we suggest considering Wise:

Moving funds from New Zealand to Australia is a significant financial step. Choosing a reliable foreign exchange service is crucial to ensure favourable exchange rates and minimal fees. Additionally, many “main street” banks charge an arm and a leg for foreign exchange between Australia and New Zealand - it’s important to be wary of predatory FX conversion rates.

Our research and findings for NZD/AUD Foreign Currency Conversion
  • Our FX research is extensive and continues to grow. Our view is simple - Wise is the best and cheapest way to set up and spend AUD in the short term.
  • It’s easy to create a Wise multi-currency account, register for a virtual Visa debit card and start spending within 15 minutes. From our perspective, it's probable that once you're settled in Australia, a few months post-arrival, you'll transition to an Australian bank.
  • But in the interim, the services provided by Wise, including its competitive transfer fees and straightforward set-up, stand as unmatched for those needing an immediate banking solution when relocating to Australia.
  • For more information, we’ve published the definitive guide to opening Australian bank accounts from New Zealand, which includes a comprehensive step-by-step guide.

Must-Know Facts about Foreign Exchange:
1. Compare and contrast your rates: Be sure to check with multiple services (e.g. Wise versus Revolut) especially when converting large sums of money. Be wary of international transfer fees with banks due to unfavourable exchange rates. Once you have an Australian account, consider using services like Wise for money transfers, which offer transparent fees and real-time exchange rates.

2. Compare and contrast the main Australian banks: If you’ve got the time, try to identify which Australian banks make the most sense for your situation (and apply before you leave). A few examples of Migrant Banking Applications you can fill out while in New Zealand (before you’ve arrived in Australia) include:
Note: Not all of the above banks can "fast track" your application by getting you to open a bank account BEFORE arriving in Australia. For example, Westpac's migrant banking process typically occurs once you've arrived in Australia. In contrast, CBA's migrant banking process allows New Zealanders to apply for a bank account up to 14 days before arriving in Australia (which means you can apply and save time/administration before you land). Be sure to check with the specific bank's procedures to determine whether it's possible to do the application process upfront.

Common questions:

1) I plan on moving to Australia permanently, and I have a lot of NZ-denominated cash. What's the best way to convert large amounts of currency?
Ultimately, it'll come down to the best RATE you get for converting NZD to AUD. It’s almost always cheaper to convert via neobanks like Wise or Revolut than the main street banks (ASB, ANZ, Westpac, etc.) as they usually add foreign currency conversion fees and sub-optimal foreign exchange (FX) rates compared to Neobanks. Just having an account with a New Zealand bank that operates in Australia doesn’t make the bank process any easier.

While some NZ banks have the same name and are affiliated/owned by their Australian counterpart, the banks do not make it easy. For regulation purposes, they operate separately and will likely get you to go through the application process like any other applicant.
In other words, it’ll take just as long to apply and get approved to open a bank account for the Australian counterpart of your main bank (e.g. opening a Westpac Australia account as a current Westpac New Zealand customer) than it is to apply and get approved for a completely different bank (e.g. Applying to Commonwealth Bank of Australia / CBA as a Westpac New Zealand customer).

2) What are my short-term options for spending in Australia?
  1. Neobanks like Wise or Revolut.
  2. Spend on credit cards with your main NZ banks (ASB, ANZ, Westpac, BNZ, Kiwibank) - and pay the 2-3% conversion fee.
  3. Convert cash and withdraw Australian dollars.

More Details:

The Logistics of Moving to Australia

Navigating a new country straight from the airport can be daunting, particularly for families. New Zealanders often ask questions about the best approach to accommodation in Australia, especially when unsure how long you're staying. Because most New Zealanders move to Australia for all types of durations and reasons (anywhere from a few weeks to months or years), the advice around accommodation varies.

How similar is the Australian rental/property market to New Zealand?
  • The Australian rental market mirrors New Zealand's to some extent. Still, because Australia is significantly larger, the rental and housing market is much more competitive, impacting rental and purchase prospects.
  • Trying to secure a rental before you’ve landed in Australia (e.g. looking online and signing leases directly from New Zealand) is typically much harder and less feasible than getting your boots on the ground and talking to brokers, landlords or agents.

What are the main logistical things I need to consider and sort out?
Once you’ve decided which city you want to move to and where you want to live, the three big “administrative things” to try and square away for most New Zealanders are:
  1. Accommodation
  2. Utilities
  3. Internet

1) What are the different types of Accommodation options for New Zealanders moving to Australia?
  1. Short-term housing (hotels, Couchsurfing, friends, etc.)
  2. Renting/flat-sharing details
  3. Buying a property

2) Setting up Utilities in Australia
When you first sign a lease or move into a rental in Australia, unless you already have an Australian bank account, you’ll often lack the necessary documentation for direct utility set-up such as for electricity, gas and internet (which almost always requires things like an Australian bank account, permanent address and Tax File Number/TFN).

Some of the usual things you’ll need to provide to set up utilities include:
  • Proof of address
  • Recent pay slips
  • Australian bank statements
  • Identification
  • TFN

3) ​What is the process of setting up the internet? Generally:
  1. Use digital roaming if going there for less than a month
  2. Buy a cheap $10 plan SIM if there for around three months
  3. Buy a proper $20 - 50 SIM if there for a year onwards

Who are the most popular Australian Internet providers?
Generally, it’s easiest to go with the largest incumbent internet providers. Some of the top brands include Telstra, Optus, Vodafone and TPG.

What are the logistics of moving?
Uprooting your entire life can feel daunting, but it can help to segment and separate what needs to go and what can stay. Generally, there are four main “buckets” of things that need to be logistically sorted:
  1. Physical stuff.
  2. Yourself/Family/Pets.
  3. Other “stuff” (Your own company, your documents, etc.).

Regarding moving your physical stuff, it can help to decide what’s worth taking with you (on the flight or shipping across the ditch), and what stuff can be stored in New Zealand (either in a storage container or kept with family/friends).

Should I ship my stuff to Australia or just sell it and buy a new one when I get there?
It depends. Some physical stuff (like clothing) might not be as special to you and is easily discarded or given to charity (which you can replace while you’re over there). However, some other more significant items (like photographs or family albums) are probably best taken with you. Additionally, other large items (like cars, whiteware and tools) are probably more of a hassle to ship over and might warrant just selling it in New Zealand and buying another when you reach Australia. 

Important: Do your research before you leave New Zealand and know the logistical plan of what you need to set up first (in other words, get the order right). Weigh up your options and compare the competition for power, phone and internet providers.
 
For example, a typical plan might look like this:
  • Set up a bank account → Buy a SIM and temporary broadband plan → Sign a lease → Get Tax File Number (TFN) → Set up electricity/gas → Set up permanent internet broadband.

Finding a Job in Australia

New Zealanders have a few options when it comes to finding a job in Australia:
  1. Search for a full-time job in the ideal Australian city you want and in the sector/field you work in BEFORE you leave for Australia (e.g. search while you're still working in New Zealand).
  2. Find a full-time job when you're "on the ground" after you move to Australia.
  3. Find casual or fixed-term work while you're "on the ground" after you move to Australia.

What are the legal requirements for working in Australia?
New Zealand citizens have the legal right to work for almost any role or company in Australia. However, there are a few caveats:
  1. Non-New Zealand citizens or permanent residents may require a work visa.
  2. If you want to work for the Australian Government or relevant states, you may need to be an Australian citizen or permanent resident. As New Zealanders are technically temporary residents, they may not be eligible to work in government jobs (unless on the path to PR or citizenship).

Where are the best places to find live Australian jobs?
There are four best ways to find a job in Australia:
  1. Online Job Boards
  2. Recruiters
  3. Direct
  4. Networking / Word of Mouth/Referrals
 
1) Online Job Boards
  • It has never been easier or more popular to find live roles online. LinkedIn, Seek and Career One are the top places companies advertise Australian jobs. All online job boards have detailed functionality and can filter by city, industry, sector, salary, and type of work (full-time, part-time, or fixed-term contract).
  • First, searching for a role while you're in NZ before you move is recommended. Not only is it free to do so, but it's also the lowest effort way to try and get an idea of what types of roles are out there).
  • Additionally, some platforms have an "easy apply" function that requires just your CV/resume and takes less than a minute to apply for. We recommend applying to as many of these jobs as possible - there are no downsides to lobbing a CV and finding out.

2) Recruiters
  • One of the more targeted job-seeking approaches is going through a recruiter. This may be more relevant for niche industries or specific talent (such as technology or finance recruiters, contract-specific work, etc.). Still, there are recruiters for a wide variety of industries.
  • Recruiters can help New Zealanders connect to the right companies looking for specific talent - and can be a much faster way to find the right role (and save time searching for roles that might not be right for you).
  • Note that this option is much more hands-on and takes more time upfront. You'll need to contact recruiters and likely have a few chats with the team. Hence, they get a sense of who you are and what you're looking for, then go through multiple rounds of information gathering.

3) Apply directly through a company’s website
  • While many companies with live jobs put their jobs on job boards (such as LinkedIn) or recruiters, not all companies will do this. Some companies will only list their companies directly on their websites (particularly the larger companies with the brand presence to get applications, regardless of whether they circulate the job).
  • The best way to try and find jobs that aren't listed on job boards or recruiter websites is to identify the top companies you'd like to work for and occasionally check their open jobs section on their websites.

4) Referrals or networking (non-advertised jobs)
  • Many jobs never make it to a public job board or a recruiter - often, companies hire through their internal networks or word of mouth.
  • Not only does this save the company time and effort to create the job ads and go through the interview process, but it also allows the company to hire quickly and get started executing (e.g. the person gets into the job and starts working far earlier than going through the traditional process).
  • If you’ve got a LinkedIn account, consider reaching out to your network (either through a post or through direct messages) to the people you know (or are in the same space as you) to see if they’re able to get you in front of the right people (or know of any jobs that are going in Australia).

Must-Know Facts about Finding a Job in Australia:
  1. Networking can play a significant role in job hunting, and proactive applications to companies of interest are also recommended.
  2. Australia is competitive: There's five times the population of Australia than New Zealand, and it is one of the top destinations for people around the globe. Don't be surprised if hundreds more people are applying for roles online (especially those that are "easy to apply" and require a CV or resume).
  3. Be aware that Australian job requirements differ from New Zealand's regarding qualifications and professional accreditations (particularly the BAR certification for lawyers). Before moving, ensure any additional credentials are obtained to continue working in your field.

Retirement Contributions (KiwiSaver vs Aus Super)

Australian Superannuation is a retirement savings plan available to Australian citizens, permanent residents, and New Zealand citizens.

​What are the main similarities between Australian Superannuation and Kiwisaver?
  1. Restricted accessibility: Typically, you can only access these funds upon retirement (usually around mid-60s) or if you leave Australia permanently. Equally, there are common scenarios that allow both KiwiSaver and Aus Super to be withdrawn (such as financial hardship, medical reasons or leaving the country permanently).
  2. Increased contributions are possible: You can contribute above the minimum thresholds in Australia Super and KiwiSaver, but there are limits (and you may not get any additional contribution or benefit from your employer/the Government for doing so).
  3. A large number of funds to invest in: KiwiSaver and Aus Super have many different funds of varying risk/reward parameters that New Zealanders can invest in.

What are the main differences between Australia Superannuation and KiwiSaver?
Australia's superannuation system and New Zealand's KiwiSaver programme are both retirement savings schemes, but they have some distinct differences:
  1. Mandatory versus Voluntary Contributions: Australian employers must contribute a minimum percentage (currently 11%) of an employee's earnings to their superannuation fund.
  2. Differences in minimum contribution % rate: The minimum threshold you need to contribute in Australia is 11% (as of December 2023). In New Zealand, the contribution minimum is far lower, at 3%.
  3. Different Taxation Concessions: Contributions, fund earnings, and withdrawals are subject to specific tax rules, with favourable rates to encourage saving.
    • In Australia, contributions to superannuation accounts are subject to a concessional income tax rate of 15%. This means that for most Australians and New Zealanders, the tax on their money sent to a superannuation account is less than that on money sent to their bank account.
    • In contrast, New Zealand does not provide the typical “tax concession” for contributing to KiwiSaver (although employer contributions are taxed slightly differently and not under PAYE). However, the New Zealand Government does provide a $521.43 member tax credit each year towards eligible KiwiSaver accounts (assuming you've contributed a certain threshold). The Australian Government does not provide this type of contribution towards superannuation balances.
  4. Ability to self-manage retirement investments: Unlike KiwiSaver (which is largely hands-off for many New Zealanders and can only be invested in specific fund types), Australia allows the option for New Zealanders and Australians to self-manage their superannuation fund (known as a Self-Managed Superannuation Fund - or SMSF). For New Zealanders who want increased flexibility to draw down and make novel investments above and beyond the typical superannuation funds, SMSFs can be a wise option. However, note that they come with a significant compliance, tax and regulatory burden regarding disclosures and yearly administration.

Must Know Facts about Retirement Contributions
  1. Understand the difference between salary inclusive or exclusive of superannuation. Many job listings in Australia may state the salary “inclusive of superannuation”, meaning your salary deducing out superannuation contributions (which are mandatory) will be around 11% lower.  
  2. As a New Zealander, you can claim your superannuation contributions if your stay is temporary. Visit the ATO’s website to learn about reclaiming superannuation.
  3. Transfer KiwiSaver to Australia’s Superannuation Scheme? Under the Trans-Tasman Portability Scheme, transferring retirement savings between Australia and New Zealand's superannuation schemes is possible. However, some strict rules and conditions govern these transfers, such as maintaining the funds in a separate account within the superannuation fund (e.g. you can't lump all your KiwiSaver and Australian-sourced superannuation into one balance).
  4. Also note that it’s not illegal or required to bring your KiwiSaver over to Australia and “bring your retirement balances together”. You can have a separate New Zealand KiwiSaver and Australian Superannuation balance (even if you move to Australia permanently).

Retirement Payments (Australian Age Pension versus NZ Super)

The Australian Age Pension and the New Zealand Superannuation (NZ Super Pension) are government-funded retirement income schemes in their respective countries, each with its own rules and eligibility criteria.

There are three main pathways for Superannuation for New Zealanders:
  1. Living in New Zealand and getting NZ Super.
  2. Living in Australia and getting Age Pension (usually as an Australian Permanent Resident or Citizen).
  3. Living in Australia and getting BOTH NZ Super and Age Pension (subject to meeting eligibility criteria for both programmes - source: MFAT).

New Zealanders' Eligibility for Australian Age Pension If you're a New Zealanderwho's lived in New Zealand for most of their life but is thinking of moving to Australia for retirement, the Social Security Agreement between Australia and New Zealand will likely cover you and assume you get certain entitlements and payments (assuming you meet the eligibility criteria). Check Work and Income New Zealand's landing page on the Social Security Benefits for New Zealanders in Australia for more details.

New Zealanders living in Australia can be eligible for the Australian Age Pension, but there are specific criteria they must meet:
  1. Residency Requirements: To qualify for the Australian Age Pension, New Zealanders must be Australian residents in Australia when they apply. Additionally, they must have lived in Australia for a certain period to meet the residency requirements.
  2. 10-Year Qualifying Period: Generally, they must have been Australian residents for at least ten years. This must include at least five years of continuous residency.
  3. Social Security Agreement: The Social Security Agreement between Australia and New Zealand can sometimes help individuals meet these residency requirements. This agreement allows residency periods in New Zealand to count towards the Australian residency requirement for the Age Pension.
  4. Age and Means Test: Besides residency, New Zealanders must also meet the age requirements, which are gradually increasing to 67 by July 2023, and pass the income and assets tests applicable to all applicants of the Australian Age Pension.
  5. Special Category Visa (SCV) Holders: Many New Zealanders in Australia hold a Special Category Visa (SCV). While this visa allows them to live and work in Australia, it does not automatically grant them permanent residency status, a prerequisite for social security benefits like the Age Pension. However, SCV holders who arrived in Australia after February 26, 2001, can apply for a permanent visa to meet the residency requirements for social security purposes.

What are the pros and cons of retiring in Australia versus New Zealand?
Both Australia and New Zealand are great places to retire. However, some specific nuances may impact the types of payments you'll receive in retirement. The main differences between the Age Pension in Australia and the New Zealand Superannuation (NZ Super) are primarily in their eligibility criteria, means testing, and payment structure:

1) Means Testing versus No Means Testing:
  • The Australian Age Pension is means-tested. In other words, your pension amount depends on your income and assets. Higher-income or more assets can reduce the pension amount you are eligible for. We've included a table below (as of December 2023) that sets out the cut-off amounts depending on your living situation. You can see more details on the Services Australia website.
  • In contrast, NZ Super is not means tested. Eligible New Zealanders will receive NZ Super regardless of their income or assets. This effectively means all eligible New Zealanders get a universal pension scheme once they reach retirement age (currently 65). For example, a New Zealander with a $10 million Net Worth would get the same fortnightly payment as someone with a $10,000 Net Worth.

2) Age and Residency Eligibility Criteria:
  • Age Requirement: In Australia, the eligible age for the Age Pension is currently 67 years of age (as of July 2023). In contrast, the NZ Super retirement age is currently 65.
  • Residency Requirement: In Australia, to be eligible for Age Pension, you must spend at least ten years of Australian residency, with at least five years of that being continuous residency. In New Zealand, the requirements are stricter. They will change in July 2024 - with at least 20 years of residence in New Zealand since turning 20 being needed (and 5 of those years being after turning 50).

3) Payment Rates
  • Australian Age Pension: The payment rate varies depending on individual circumstances, including marital status, whether you're part of a couple, and income and assets. The normal-age pension rates are listed below. Regarding part pension payments, these are not provided on the Australian Government's website but are variable depending on each unique Australian's situation. More information can be found on the Services Australia website.
  • NZ Super: The payment rate is a set amount that varies based on living arrangements (e.g., single or in a relationship), as outlined on our Superannuation rates guide.

Student Loans

Many New Zealanders who jump to Australia may have studied at trade school or university, incurring student loan debt through Studylink. One of the unique benefits of taking out student loans in New Zealand is that they're "interest-free" (e.g. the interest portion is written off) for as long as you stay in New Zealand.

Managing New Zealand Studylink Student Loan Payments from Australia
If New Zealanders move anywhere overseas for six months or longer, their New Zealand student loan accrues interest. This means you will incur interest (historically ranging from 2.8% to 5.3% p.a. in the last few years) after a certain period (usually five out of six months). The IRD has provided full guidance on this issue.

A few things to note:
  • Holding a New Zealand student loan means you're responsible for ongoing repayments in Australia. Failure to meet the minimum payments can result in penalties or other actions by the IRD.
  • Be aware that interest rates may differ each year.
  • It may make sense for you to pay off more than your loan, but it may not. If the rate is relatively low (for example, as of December 2023, the current overseas customer student loan rate is 2.9%), it might make sense for you to pay it off slower rather than faster (as you can invest the difference in other instruments that generate higher yields). This isn't advice but more to show there are other ways to tackle student loans from Australia.

Studying in Australia as a New Zealander

Studying in Australia is one of the top destinations for many worldwide. Many Australian universities (such as The University of Sydney, The University of New South Wales and The University of Melbourne) hold highly prestigious rankings compared to other universities globally (and compared to universities in New Zealand). However, these universities are notoriously more expensive, and it can be hard to find funds to support attending them as New Zealanders.

There are usually two paths to funding a university: self-funding and student loans.

1) Getting a Student Loan from Australia:
Typically, New Zealanders holding an SCV are ineligible for Australian student loans, known as HELP loans, unless they meet specific criteria:
  1. Hold an SCV
  2. First entered Australia as a dependent minor aged under 18 years of age
  3. Have been ordinarily resident in Australia for the previous ten years (physically present in Australia for at least eight out of the past ten years), and for 18 months of the last two years at the time of application
  4. Meet other HELP eligibility criteria.

While it's highly likely many New Zealanders won't be eligible for Australian student loans (given they likely won't have lived in Australia for eight years out of the last 10), there is a silver lining - domestic university student fees are typically significantly cheaper than international university student fees. As per the Australian High Commission, New Zealanders are considered domestic students when applying to Australian universities, so they won't have to pay exorbitant international fees when attending Australian universities.

Healthcare

Australia and New Zealand have public healthcare systems providing free or heavily subsidised healthcare services to citizens and permanent residents.

How does Health Insurance work in Australia?
Healthcare in Australia operates similarly to New Zealand, with two main healthcare pathways: public (Te Whatu Ora and ACC) and private (such as buying a health insurance plan with someone like Southern Cross). Australia also has a public healthcare system (Medicare), which offers substantial coverage alongside the private health insurance system and can provide broader options and more extensive protection.

What does Medicare entitle me to?
Individuals have access to subsidised services from healthcare providers, including medical professionals, qualified midwives, nurse practitioners, and allied health experts, all holding Medicare provider numbers. Additionally, they can receive free public hospital care.

Are New Zealanders eligible for Medicare?
Generally, there are two situations where you might need healthcare support - on short-term trips or as a longer-term option (e.g. you've moved to Australia).

1) Short-Term Healthcare Solution for New Zealanders: Reciprocal Healthcare Agreement: For short-term stays (where you haven't enrolled in
  • Medicare and may not intend to reside in Australia for six months), New Zealanders can receive healthcare under the Reciprocal Health Care Agreement, which covers necessary treatments in public hospitals.
  • Under the reciprocal healthcare agreement, New Zealanders are entitled to certain subsidised healthcare services through Medicare, Australia's public health system. This includes necessary hospital care as a public patient (e.g. if you fall and have an accident while on holiday in Australia).

2) Long-Term Healthcare Solution for New Zealanders: Medicare.
  • New Zealand citizens are eligible for Medicare in Australia, provided they reside in Australia for six months or can prove they will reside for the next six months. Additionally, Proof of Australian residency is required before one can enrol in Medicare or receive a Medicare card. For more info, check out the definitive guide to reciprocal healthcare agreements between New Zealand and Australia or Services Australia for more details on eligibility as New Zealanders.
  • It's recommended that you enrol in Medicare about a week after you arrive in Australia. You'll need to provide evidence that you intend to reside in Australia for the next six months (either through a job offer you have, your business plan that you want to execute in Australia or your lease that you've just signed). Enrollment in Medicare is possible at any point within six months of arrival in Australia.

Do I need to buy private health insurance?
  • It depends. Things like your age, family history, how long you’re staying in Australia and how risk-averse you are will all impact whether it makes sense to buy private health insurance. However, there seems to be an increasing trend of Australians buying private health insurance compared to New Zealand (whether due to cultural or health reasons).
  • For example, over half of all Australians (around 55%) (14.42 million) have private health cover. In contrast, only around 1.4 million New Zealanders out of the 5.2 million population (or 27%) have private health insurance.
  • While this doesn't mean you need to go out and get Australian private healthcare insurance upon arriving, it is interesting that a significantly higher proportion of the Australian population has private health insurance. Some attribute this to the Medicare Levy Surcharge (MLS) that people must pay in Australia if they earn above a certain threshold and don't have private healthcare insurance.

Taxes in Australia

In Australia, the tax system operates on a progressive scale, where the tax rate increases as the individual's income increases. This is similar to New Zealand's tiered tax system. Both countries tax residents on their worldwide income. In contrast, non-residents are taxed only on their income from sources within each country.

Resident tax rates 2023–24
  • Here’s a basic table showing the Australian tax brackets for the most recent financial year for residents, sourced from the ATO:
Taxable income
Tax on this income
0 – $18,200
Nil
​$18,201 – $45,000
​19c for each $1 over $18,200
​$45,001 – $120,000
​$5,092 plus 32.5c for each $1 over $45,000
​$120,001 – $180,000
​$29,467 plus 37c for each $1 over $120,000
​$180,001 and over
​$51,667 plus 45c for each $1 over $180,000
Exhibit: Australian Resident Tax Rates 2023 - 2024 (Source: Australian Tax Authority) - The above rates do not include the Medicare levy of 2%.

Australian Taxation Framework
  • In Australia, individuals must obtain a Tax File Number (TFN), understand tax rates, use a tax calculator, and, when necessary, engage with a tax agent or accountant. The taxation system in Australia functions in a manner quite akin to that of New Zealand, with the Australian Taxation Office serving a role similar to New Zealand's Inland Revenue Department (IRD).
  • Employers are responsible for remitting taxes to the Australian Taxation Office on behalf of their employees. Conversely, self-employed individuals must manage their tax filings, which typically involves enlisting the expertise of an Australian tax accountant to ensure accuracy in their submissions.

Taxation Rates
Both countries have a progressive tax system, meaning that the more you earn, the higher the percentage of tax you pay. In Australia, the tax rates range from 19% to 45%, while in New Zealand, they range from 10.5% to 39%.

Tax Obligations
Like New Zealand's IRD, the Australian Taxation Office (ATO) handles Australia's tax matters. If employed in Australia, you're subject to income tax and need a Tax File Number (TFN). You might be taxed at the highest marginal rate without providing this to your employer.

Obtaining a Tax File Number (TFN):
  • Equivalent to New Zealand's IRD number, you can apply for a TFN through the Australian Taxation Office's website upon arriving in Australia. However, you’ll generally only be able to apply for a TFN once you have an address in Australia (so can’t get or request one while still in New Zealand).
  • This can pose a problem when setting up bank accounts, so make sure you have the logistics planned out beforehand.

Buying Property in Australia as a New Zealander
  • In Australia, New Zealanders have the same privileges as Australian citizens when purchasing property. They are eligible for the First Home Owner’s Grant and can secure mortgages at comparable rates. However, non-New Zealanders face restrictions based on their visa and residency status. For those looking for property in Australia, websites like Realestate and Domain are the most popular.

Other things to note related to property:
  1. Fixed versus Variable: The mortgage market in Australia is predominantly variable rates. A significant portion (around 70%+) of mortgage holders in the Australian property market are on a variable rate mortgage. This is in stark contrast to the New Zealand market, which has a large gap between fixed interest rate and variable interest rate mortgages.
  2. Stamp Duty: There are extra transaction costs associated with buying and selling property in Australia. Stamp duty, also known as transfer duty, is a type of tax imposed by every territory and state in Australia on the acquisition of property. The amount of stamp duty required from a purchaser depends on factors such as the cost of the property, its geographical location, and the reason for the loan. Additionally, in some states, the rates of stamp duty differ for investment properties compared to residential properties.In contrast, New Zealand doesn’t have a stamp duty tax on property sales.
  3. Tax on Property Sale: Just like there are bright-line tests in New Zealand regarding sales of non-family homes/property, Australia has its own form of capital gains tax on property.
  4. Tax benefits (Negative Gearing): In a nutshell, negative gearing is the function of offsetting property income losses against your personal income. While negative gearing was ring-fenced in 2018/2019 in New Zealand and is no longer beneficial for New Zealand property owners, Negative gearing still exists in Australia.

​Moving Pets to Australia

If you're determined to move over with a pet, you'll need to start planning well in advance, as pet relocation can be costly.

Per the Australian government and effective from 1 March 2023:
  • Cats and dogs from New Zealand do not need an import permit to enter Australia.
  • There is no mandatory quarantine period for these pets upon entering Australia.
  • However, specific import conditions must be met, and these are detailed in the required health certification.
  • The health certification conditions must be strictly followed, and a registered veterinarian must perform all veterinary procedures outlined in the health certification.
  • Failure to comply with the health certification conditions can result in the pet being quarantined at the owner's expense, undergoing additional testing, being exported back, or, in extreme cases, euthanised.

Generally, the health certificate must certify that:
  • The animal has been identified by a microchip
  • New Zealand is free from rabies
  • The animal was examined within five (5) days before the date of export and found to be fit to travel
  • The animal was treated for external and internal parasites within five (5) days before the date of export.

The New Zealand government outlines what you need to know here.

Understanding the costs

Rental Costs

​The housing and rental market in major Australian cities like Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide, and Brisbane has experienced significant changes in recent years, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath. There are two long-standing issues, as outlined by the Australian Reserve Bank in 2023:
  1. Rental Market Tightness: Across Australia, rental vacancy rates have been declining, with Sydney and Melbourne seeing significant drops in vacancy rates. This tightening of the rental market has increased rent inflation and heightened competition for rental properties​​.
  2. Challenges for Renters: Renters, especially those with lower incomes, face increased vulnerability due to spending a larger proportion of their incomes on living expenses.

Comparing Rental Markets in Major Cities, as outlined in this January 2024 report:
  • Sydney's median weekly rent for units was reported at $760, a significant increase from the previous year​​.
  • Melbourne's median weekly rent for units stood at $590, with a notable increase over the past year​​.
  • Adelaide has recently been noted for its affordability compared to other major cities, with average rental dwellings costing around $600 per week​​.
  • Brisbane's rental market has seen increases in median prices for both houses and units, indicating a competitive market​​, and Perth is up close to 20% in one year to around $650.

Challenges and Tips for Finding HousingFinding housing in these competitive markets can be challenging. We suggest the following:
  • Research and Planning: Stay updated with your preferred city's latest market trends and rental prices.
  • Budgeting: Be realistic about what you can afford and factor in potential rent increases.
  • Exploring Different Areas: Consider suburbs or regions with lower rental demand but still accessible to amenities and workplaces.
  • Early Applications: Be proactive and apply for properties as soon as they are listed.
  • Documentation Readiness: Prepare all necessary documents to expedite the rental application process.

Know This: The rental markets in these major Australian cities remain generally tight, with ongoing demand and limited supply. This situation has led to relentless rent increases, making it increasingly challenging for renters to find suitable accommodation within their budget. Government initiatives to increase rental supply are unlikely to impact the market significantly in the short to medium term​​​​​​​​.

Cost of Car Ownership

​The cost of car ownership differs in Australia from that in New Zealand. Here's what you need to know:
  • Purchase Prices: Cars in Australia tend to be more expensive than New Zealand, partly due to higher import taxes and a larger market.
  • Maintenance Costs: Regular maintenance costs, including servicing and parts replacement, are generally higher in Australia, reflecting the higher labour costs.
  • Fuel Prices: Fuel prices are similar; Australia tends to be slightly cheaper, but local taxes and global oil prices influence it.
  • Registration and Insurance: Annual registration and insurance costs are also typically higher in Australia, although these costs can vary depending on the vehicle type and location.
  • Traffic Conditions: Sydney and Melbourne are known for their heavy traffic, particularly during peak hours. This can make commuting times lengthy and unpredictable.
  • Car Necessity: In certain suburbs or for specific lifestyles, owning a car in Australia can be more practical, offering flexibility and time savings over public transport.​

Childcare Costs

Childcare in Australia, especially in metropolitan areas like Sydney and Melbourne, represents a significant expense for many families.
Overview of Childcare Expenses:
  • Average Daily Rates: Childcare costs in Sydney and Melbourne are among the highest in Australia. On average, daily rates can range significantly based on the type and location of the childcare service.
  • Variations by Area: Costs can vary, with central and more affluent suburbs often having higher rates.

​Government Subsidy Programs
  • Subsidy Availability: The Australian government offers subsidy programs to help offset childcare costs, which can significantly reduce out-of-pocket expenses for eligible families, as outlined in this guide.
  • Impact on High Earners: However, these subsidies are means-tested and scaled based on income levels. High-income families may receive lower subsidy rates, which can impact their overall childcare costs.

Our Top-Rated 'Moving to Australia' Money Solution - The Wise Debit Card

Christopher Walsh
MoneyHub Founder (and Frequent User of Wise)
We like the Wise Debit Card because it lets you:
  1. Get the best exchange rates out of any card on the market in New Zealand, including AUD.
  2. Operate an Australian account so you can paid and make payments, as outined in our Opening an Australian Bank Account from New Zealand guide.
  3. Spend in Australia without hidden fees, and track all your spending through their app. 
  4. Go 'cardless' by connecting your Wise card to Apple Pay or Google Pay
  5. Order the card with a low one-off $14 card issue fee and set it up in minutes via the Wise website or app.

Our view:
  • The Wise Debit Card has no tricky fees, and is years ahead of all the other traditional travel money cards and offers a seamless solution for getting paid by your employer in Australia.
  • You will convert NZD to AUD and AUD back to NZD at the best exchange rates and pay very low fees on each transaction. Best of all, it's easy to use and won't confuse you the way traditional travel money cards might.
  • There may be fees for anyone who relies on physical cash - you can make two withdrawals of up to NZ$350/month in total (or the equivalent foreign currency) without any fees. However, after NZ$350, you will pay ATM fees (NZ$1.50/withdrawal) and a 1.75% commission. These fees are not charged when you use the card to pay online or in-store.​

​Must-Know Facts about Moving to Australia

  1. As of April 2023, a direct pathway for New Zealanders to obtain Australian citizenship has been created: The newly established direct route to Australian citizenship has been a significant drawcard for many New Zealanders settling in Australia.
  2. Moving can be a shock to your lifestyle, so take your time: While it can seem daunting to try and do everything right this second, know that it's a gradual process, and you can take time to action on some of these things.
  3. The biggest difference by far will be the shift in lifestyle: Anecdotally, the culture is somewhat similar. Most Australians are very friendly and emulate some of the cultural characteristics similar to those of New Zealanders. However, the biggest difference will be the size of the country and cities - there are just far more people (especially in major city centres like Sydney and Melbourne, which have 5x the population of our largest city - Auckland).
  4. New Zealand residents contemplating a move to Australia need to weigh the variances in lifestyle and potential impacts on their lives. For those who like the quieter life, potentially picking a less populated or more "chill" place that aligns better with their interests can help to reduce the "shock factor" of moving countries.
  5. Don’t underestimate how much it costs to uproot somewhere: While it’s easy to find cheap flights to Australia for <$300 one way, know that there are far more costs than you might initially expect. From paying the bond on rentals to buying new whiteware to tax obligations and moving costs, you might end up paying $10,000+ in the first few months of moving from New Zealand to Australia.

General Frequently Asked Questions For New Zealanders Moving to Australia

Can I access Unemployment or Sickness Benefits in Australia?

If you’re on SCV 444, no. New Zealanders must acquire Australian permanent residency and endure a two-year waiting period to be eligible for specific social security benefits, including unemployment support

What’s the cost of relocating belongings (clothes, tech, stuff)?

The expense varies based on the volume and nature of items. Generally, it’s recommended to set aside a few thousand dollars to factor in any storage costs, freight/shipping costs and baggage costs for bringing stuff over on the flight, and any replacement cost for things when you get to Australia.

Should I convert NZD to AUD and carry physical cash?

Australia is generally pay-wave friendly and is heading towards a cash-free society. While all vendors still accept cash, carrying large amounts of cash isn’t recommended (due to theft and potential unfavourable currency conversion rates/fees).

I’ve just become an Australian citizen. Do I need to renounce my New Zealand passport and citizenship?

No, you can keep your New Zealand Passport as a joint New Zealand and Australian Citizen. Dual citizenship is possible, allowing you to keep your New Zealand passport after acquiring Australian citizenship.

How much Australian cash should I travel with?

Feel free to carry some, but it’s unlikely you’ll need much. Australia is largely cash-free and aims to become "functionally cashless” by 2025. Many POS terminals take paywave - it's common for people to carry a phone and Apple watch with them when going out.

Will my qualifications be recognised in Australia?

It depends on the profession. Some qualifications are mutually recognised, while others may require additional accreditation.

Can I access public healthcare in Australia?

Yes, under the Medicare system, but you must register first.

Can I vote in Australia as a New Zealand citizen?

No, unless you were enrolled to vote in Australia as a British subject before 1984.

How does the tax year compare to New Zealand's?

The Australian tax year runs from July 1 to June 30, which is different from New Zealand's April 1 to March 31.

Do I need a car in Australia?

Yes, you’ll likely need a car for most cities in Australia (unless you live in the dense urban CBD areas of cities like Sydney or Melbourne). Australians drive on the same side of the road as New Zealand and you’ll be able to use your full NZ driver’s licence for up to three months, then you’ll need to transfer your licence to an Australian licence to drive legally.

Upon arrival in Australia, many utilise the country's excellent public transport while searching for a car. Uber services are also accessible in Australia. Car rental options are readily available, including pickups from the airport, facilitating the exploration of one’s new city.

Can I Relocate to Australia With a Criminal Record?

New Zealanders with criminal records must secure a detailed account of their history from the Department of Home Affairs before entering Australia.

What's the process for New Zealanders wanting to have a child in Australia?

Maternity care, including midwife and delivery services, is generally covered by Medicare in public hospitals and available to New Zealanders holding an SCV. Government payments may also be accessible under certain conditions.

What do I need to know about Australia Preschools and Kindergartens?

For those migrating to Australia with young children, it's important to note that educational systems vary by state. Various early education and childcare options exist, such as preschools, kindergartens, childcare centres, and early learning centres for children under six.
Australian government funding supports early childhood education in all states and territories, focusing on the year preceding formal schooling (ages 4-6). Fees may apply, especially for children under four.

Tax and Overseas Income-Specific Frequently Asked Questions For New Zealanders Moving to Australia

What are the tax responsibilities for NZ property owners earning rental income while residing in Australia?

If you own property in New Zealand and earn rental income while living in Australia, you must declare this income in both countries. This income is subject to taxation in Australia as part of your global income. However, any tax paid in New Zealand may, in most cases, be credited against your Australian tax liability to avoid double taxation.

Generally, you must declare your rental income in your NZ tax return. In Australia, include this income in your Australian tax return. It's crucial to understand the provisions of the Australia-New Zealand Double Tax Agreement to ensure correct declaration and take advantage of any tax credits or exemptions.

How do I manage other NZ investment income, like dividends and interest, while living in Australia?

Similar to rental income, dividends and interest earned from NZ investments must be declared in Australia and New Zealand. You'll need to adhere to the tax laws in each country and report this income accurately in your tax returns. Be aware of the different tax rates and potential credits applicable to such income.

What are New Zealand investment income tax implications for Australian residents?

As an Australian resident, your global income, including NZ investment income (dividends, interest), is subject to Australian tax. However, the tax paid in New Zealand may reduce your tax liability in Australia. Understanding the specific tax implications based on the type of investment is important.

Comprehending NZ and Australian tax laws is crucial to ensure compliance and optimise your tax position. Different rules may apply for various types of income and investments, and understanding these can help in effective tax planning and avoiding penalties.

Can an accountant help with tax planning for cross-border income?

Yes, an accountant experienced in cross-border taxation can assist in tax planning, ensuring you benefit from any available tax credits or exemptions and comply with the tax requirements in both countries. They can also help in strategizing your investments to optimise tax efficiency. For detailed advice and to address your unique situation, it's best to consult with an ccountant or tax advisor who is knowledgeable about the tax laws in both New Zealand and Australia.
Related guides and resources:
  • How to Open an Australian Bank Account from New Zealand: This guide provides information on how New Zealanders can open an Australian bank account, comparing different banking options, including traditional banks and alternatives like Wise. It details the processes, fees, and requirements for each option​​.
  • Australia Travel Money: Focused on financial considerations for New Zealanders travelling to Australia, this guide discusses using cash, debit and credit cards, and travel money cards. It provides tips on managing currency exchange and choosing Australia's most cost-effective and convenient payment methods​​.
  • Working Holiday Visas for Kiwis Aged 30+: Specifically for New Zealanders over 30 looking to work abroad, this guide lists countries offering working holiday visas, including Australia. It covers the eligibility, application details, and essential tips for a successful working holiday experience​​.