MoneyHub NZ
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  • Investing
    • Investing Platforms
      • Reviews
        • Sharesies Review
        • Hatch Review
        • Stake Review
          • Stake Black Review
        • Tiger Brokers (NZ) Review
        • Superhero Review
        • BlackBull Markets Share Trading Platform Review
        • ASB Securities Review
        • Invest Direct Review
        • InvestNow Review
        • Kernel Review
        • Interactive Brokers
        • Smart Review
        • Catalist Review
      • Comparisons
        • Sharesies vs Hatch vs Stake
        • Kernel vs Smart
        • Hatch vs Stake
        • Hatch vs Tiger Brokers
        • Sharesies vs Tiger Brokers
        • Stake vs Tiger Brokers
        • Comparing Sharesies vs Investnow vs Hatch vs Invest Direct and more
        • Best Investment Apps
        • How Do I Start Investing?
        • Virtual Stocks and Shares Trading Games
      • Guides
        • How to Invest in Shares
        • Investing in Vanguard Funds from New Zealand
        • Investing in the US Stock Market from New Zealand
          • How To Buy Tesla Shares
          • How To Buy Apple Shares
          • How To Buy Amazon Shares
          • How To Buy Alphabet Shares
          • How To Buy Netflix Shares
          • How To Buy Microsoft Shares
          • How To Buy Meta Shares
        • US Extended Hours Trading Explained
        • What Happens If Your Investing Platform Shuts Down?
        • Fractional Shares
        • Transferring Share Portfolios
        • How to Read and Understand a Share Chart
        • NZX in a Nutshell
        • Investing in the ASX from New Zealand
        • Investing in Asian Markets from New Zealand
        • Understand Gross vs Net
        • How to Attend the 2026 Berkshire Hathaway Annual Shareholders Meeting
    • Introduction to Investing
      • Guides
        • Index Funds
        • ETFs (Exchange Traded Funds)
        • Cash Funds
        • Index Funds vs ETFs
        • 10 Ways to Invest in New Zealand
        • Compound Interest Explained
        • How to Invest Regularly
        • Passive Investing vs Active Investing
        • Investments You Can Own Forever
        • Investing Mistakes
        • Investing in the S&P 500 from New Zealand
        • Best Retirement Income Products in New Zealand
        • Shares vs ETFs
        • Dollar Cost Averaging Guide
        • Margin Lending and Loans Explained
        • Borrowing to Invest in Property, Shares or Funds
        • Passive Income Strategies
        • How Wealthy New Zealanders Invest Their Money
        • The Best Way to Invest Inheritance or a Windfall
        • Barefoot Investor-Friendly Financial Products in New Zealand
        • Investment Terms Glossary
        • IPOs
        • Investing in Dividend Shares
        • Common Shareholder Numbers in New Zealand
        • Shorting a Stock
        • Investing vs Trading vs Gambling
        • Investment Strategies for the Time-Poor
        • Advanced Trading Concepts
        • New and Emerging Investment Opportunities and Trends
      • Young People and Investing
        • Investing for Kids
        • Investing For Grandchildren
        • 10 Top Investments for Young New Zealanders
        • Sharesies Kids Accounts Review
        • SquareOne Review
        • Dosh Review
      • Investing Calculators
        • Term Deposit Calculator
        • Compound Interest Calculator
        • Investment Calculator
        • Savings Calculator
        • Net Worth Calculator
        • Million Dollar Calculator
    • Managed Funds, Tax & DIY Investing
      • Guides
        • Investing Guide
        • Managed Funds
          • Pie Funds Management Review
          • Booster Private Land and Property Fund Review
          • AMP Managed Funds Review
        • Our Favourite Managed Funds
        • Advisers
          • Financial Advisers Overview
          • DIY Investing vs Investment Brokerage Firms vs Financial Advisors
          • Financial Advisers Auckland
          • Financial Advisers Hamilton
          • Financial Advisers Tauranga
          • Financial Advisers Napier & Hastings
          • Financial Advisers Palmerston North
          • Financial Advisers Wellington
          • Financial Advisers Lower Hutt & Hutt Valley
          • Financial Advisers Nelson & Tasman
          • Financial Advisers Christchurch
          • Financial Advisers Dunedin
          • Lighthouse Financial Services Review
          • Interest Rate Predictions 2025
            • Money Sweetspot Review
            • 20 Property Investment Risks You Can't Ignore
            • Shares vs Property Investment
            • Milford vs ANZ KiwiSaver Growth Funds Comparison
            • Best Performing KiwiSaver Funds
            • Kernel Shares & ETF Investing Review
        • Bank Credit Ratings
        • Tax on Investments and Savings
        • Capital Gains Tax
        • Bright-Line Test
        • Ethical Investing
        • Best ESG Funds
        • Asset Allocations to Build Wealth
        • Managing Offshore Investments for Returning New Zealanders and Migrants
        • How to Buy and Sell Bonds
        • Buying NZ Corporate Bonds
        • Trading in a Nutshell
        • Peer to Peer Lending
        • Crowdfunding Guide
        • REITs Guide
        • Jasper Review
        • Investing & Personal Finance Podcasts
        • Emergency Funds
        • UK Pension Transfer to New Zealand
        • Returning to the UK from NZ
        • Spending Your Savings in Retirement
        • How to Take Income from Investments
        • What Am I Entitled to If My UK Pension Scheme or Provider Makes a Mistake?
        • Investment Scams
        • Investing in Recession-Proof Sectors and Asset Classes During a Downturn
        • Hedging Investments
        • Top Personal Finance Books for New Zealanders
        • Top Ten Personal Finance Resources
      • Reviews
        • Simplicity Investment Funds Review
        • Lending Crowd Review
        • Squirrel Review
        • Sharesight Review
        • Lifetime Retirement Income
        • New Zealand Financial Markets Authority (FMA)
      • Calculators
        • Managed Funds Fee Calculator
        • Basis Points Calculator
        • Inflation Calculator
        • Retirement Calculator New Zealand
    • Alternative Investments and Trading
      • Reviews
        • BlackBull Markets Review
        • CMC Markets Review
        • Plus500 Review
        • IG Review
        • TMGM Review
        • CMC Markets vs Plus500 vs IG Markets vs BlackBull Markets
      • Guides
        • How to Invest in Gold
        • How to Invest in Silver
        • Forex Trading Guide
          • Forex Trading Platforms Comparison
          • Forex Trading Tools
          • Forex Trading Courses and Education
          • Forex Regulation
        • Options Trading
        • Contracts for Difference (CFDs) Guide
        • Futures Trading
        • Commodities Trading
        • Copy Trading
      • Cryptocurrency
        • Reviews
          • Easy Crypto Review
          • Swyftx Review
          • Binance Review
          • Easy Crypto vs Swyftx
          • NZDD Review
          • Independent Reserve Review
          • eToro Review
          • Coinbase Review
          • Kiwi-Coin Bitcoin Exchange Review
          • Vault International Bitcoin Fund Review
        • Guides
          • How to Buy Bitcoin in New Zealand
          • Beginner's Guide to Bitcoin and Blockchain
          • Stablecoins
          • Guide to NFTs
          • Bitcoin Wallet Guide
          • Bitcoin Mining
          • How to Sell Bitcoin
          • Bitcoin and Crypto Scams
          • Initial Coin Offerings
          • A Beginner’s Guide to Investing in Cryptocurrencies
          • Decentralised Finance
          • Bitcoin in New Zealand
          • New Zealand Bitcoin Exchanges
          • How to Buy Ethereum in New Zealand
          • Other Coins
            • How to Buy Ripple in New Zealand
            • How to Buy Cardano in New Zealand
            • How to Buy Dogecoin in New Zealand
            • How to Buy Litecoin in New Zealand
            • How to Buy Polkadot in New Zealand
  • Loans & Finance
    • Car Finance
      • Car Finance Calculator
      • Electric Vehicle Loans
      • How to Refinance Your Car Loan
      • Car Loan Refinance Calculator
      • Car Dealership Finance vs Alternatives
      • Motorcycle and Moped Loans
      • Motorcycle and Moped Loan Calculator
      • Asset Finance
      • Asset Finance Repayment Calculator
      • Business Vehicle Loans
      • Bad Credit Car Loans
      • Car Loan Brokers vs Direct Car Finance
      • Car Loan Amortisation Calculator
      • Car Finance Company Reviews
        • Simplify Loans Review
        • Toyota Finance Review
        • Mazda Finance Review
        • MTF Finance Review
        • AA Money Review
        • Better Finance Review
        • Kiwi Car Loans Review
        • Lending People Review
        • Driva Car Loans Review
      • Car Finance Must-Knows Guides
        • Buying a Car Loan vs Personal Loan?
        • Car Loans and Collateral
        • Car Loan Guarantors
        • How to Save for a Car
        • Paying Cash for a Car vs Car Finance
        • Balloon Payments
        • Boat Financing Calculator
      • Car Finance Add-On Insurance Guides
        • GAP (Guaranteed Asset Protection Insurance) Insurance
        • Compare Mechanical Breakdown Insurance
        • PPI (Payment Protection Insurance)
    • Personal Loans
      • Debt Consolidation Loans
      • Secured Loans
      • Green Loans
      • Home Renovation Loans
      • Online Loans
      • Bad Credit Loans
      • Beneficiary Loans
      • Payday Loans
      • Cash Advance
      • Same Day Loans
      • Low Income Loans
      • Personal Loan Calculator
      • Debt Consolidation Calculator
      • The Dangers of Debt Consolidation
      • Refinance Personal Loan Calculator
      • Home Renovation Loan Calculator
      • Interest Calculator
      • Harmoney Loans Review
      • Nectar Review
      • Avanti Finance Review
      • Save My Bacon Review
    • Credit Scores & Interest Rates
      • Credit Scores and Credit Checks
      • How to Build Credit in New Zealand
      • How to Pay Down Debt Faster
      • Baycorp and Debt Collection
      • Interest Rates Guide
      • Interest Rate Comparison
      • Buy Now Pay Later Apps
        • Afterpay Review
        • Laybuy Review
        • Humm Review
        • Zip Review
  • Insurance
    • Compare Insurance
      • Compare Car Insurance
      • Car Insurance by Vehicle
        • Compare Toyota Aqua Insurance Costs
        • Compare Toyota Corolla Insurance Costs
        • Compare Toyota Hilux Insurance Costs
        • Compare Mazda2 and Demio Insurance Costs
        • Compare Ford Ranger Insurance Costs
        • Compare Nissan Navara Insurance Costs
        • Compare Subaru Legacy Insurance Costs
      • Reviews & Policy Comparisons
        • AMI vs AMP vs AA Insurance vs Cove vs State vs Tower vs Trade Me Insurance
        • Cove Car Insurance Review
        • Tower Car Insurance Review
        • Young Driver Car Insurance
        • Trade Me Car Insurance Review
        • Caravan Insurance
      • Car Insurance Guides
        • Third Party Car Insurance
        • How to Get Cheaper Car Insurance
        • Car Insurance Calculator
        • No Claims Bonuses Explained
        • Car Insurance Excess Explained
        • Cheapest Cars to Insure
        • Modifications that Make a Car Uninsurable
        • Car Insurers Directory
        • Car Insurance Glossary
        • Most Stolen Cars
    • Home, Contents and Other Insurance
      • House Insurance
      • House Insurance Calculator
      • Best Holiday Home and Airbnb Insurance Policies
      • Difficult to Insure Areas
      • Sum Insured Explained
      • Is Your Home an Insurance Risk?
      • Average Cost of Car, House, and Contents Insurance
      • Insuring Old Houses
      • Contents Insurance
      • Home and Contents Insurance
      • Renters' Insurance
      • Landlord Insurance
      • Dental Insurance and Dentist Plans
      • Phone Insurance
      • Insurance Excess
      • Insurance Company Financial Strength Ratings
      • Motorbike Insurance
      • Initio Review
      • Insurance Brokers
        • Trusted Insurance Brokers in Wellington
        • Trusted Insurance Brokers in Christchurch
    • Compare Pet Insurance
      • Is Pet Insurance Worth Buying?
      • Cat and Dog Desexing
      • Getting a Kitten
      • Buying a Puppy
      • Pet Euthanasia
      • Vet Costs in New Zealand
      • Dog Vaccination Schedule and Costs
      • Costs of Owning a Cat
      • Costs of Owning a Dog
    • Students Insurance
    • Life & Health Insurance
      • Life Insurance
        • Life Insurance Policy Comparison - Cigna vs AIA vs Asteron Life vs Fidelity vs Westpac vs Partners Life
        • Stepped vs Level Life Insurance
        • Life Insurance Calculator
        • Pre-Existing Medical Conditions
        • Buying Life Insurance Direct vs Using an Insurance Broker
        • Life Insurance Policies - Features and Questions to Ask
        • When To Cancel Or Change a Life Insurance Policy
        • Life Insurance For Smokers and Vapers
      • Health Insurance
        • Going to Australia for Medical Treatment
        • BMI Calculator New Zealand
      • Income Protection Insurance
        • ACC vs Income Protection Insurance
        • Income Protection Insurance for Self Employed
      • Mortgage Insurance
      • Trauma Insurance
      • Redundancy Insurance
      • Funeral Insurance
        • What to Do When a Spouse or Partner Dies
        • Funeral Costs
  • Credit Cards
    • Best Credit Cards
    • Rewards and Cashback Credit Cards
    • Credit Cards That Earn Business Class Flights
    • The Best American Express Credit Cards
    • Air New Zealand Airpoints Credit Cards
      • Kiwibank Airpoints Cards Ending – Best Replacement Options
      • ANZ vs AMEX vs Westpac Platinum Airpoints Credit Cards
      • ANZ Airpoints Visa Platinum vs AMEX Airpoints Platinum
      • Kiwibank Airpoints Platinum Visa vs AMEX Airpoints Platinum
      • Westpac Airpoints Platinum Mastercard vs AMEX Airpoints Platinum
    • Balance Transfer Credit Cards
    • Platinum and Gold Credit Cards
    • Frequent Flyer Credit Cards
    • Travel Credit Cards
    • Interest Free Credit Cards
    • Virtual Debit and Credit Cards
    • Credit Cards That Provide Travel Insurance
    • Reviews
      • American Express Credit Cards Review
        • American Express Airpoints Platinum Review
        • American Express Gold Rewards Card Review
        • American Express Gold Business Card Review
        • AMEX Comparison - Airpoints Platinum vs Gold Rewards
        • Where is AMEX Accepted?
        • American Express Free Card vs Airpoints Platinum
        • American Express Platinum Card Review
        • American Express Membership Rewards Program Review
        • AMEX Cardholder Feedback
        • Valuing AMEX Membership Rewards Points
        • AMEX Dining Collection Program Review
        • The Best Ways to Spend AMEX Membership Rewards Points
        • Qantas Credit Cards
        • Qatar Airways Credit Cards
        • Singapore Airlines KrisFlyer Credit Cards
        • Cathay Pacific Asia Miles Credit Cards
        • Emirates Skywards Credit Cards
        • RewardPay Review
      • Flight Centre Mastercard Review
    • Guides
      • Pay Off Credit Card Debt
      • Credit Card Basics
      • Mastercard vs Visa
      • Credit Card Minimum Payments Explained
      • Credit Card Interest Calculator
      • Credit Card Debt Amortisation Calculator
      • How to Request a Credit Card Chargeback
    • Other Credit Cards
      • Best Foreign Currency Debit & Credit Cards
      • Free Credit Cards
      • Low Interest Credit Cards
      • Credit Cards for Bad Credit
      • Q Card & Q Mastercard Review
      • GEM Visa Review
      • Onecard Visa Review
      • Purple Visa Review
  • Travel Money Cards
    • Travel Money Card Reviews and Comparisons
      • Wise Debit Card Review
      • Revolut Review
      • Revolut vs Wise - Which Is Better?
      • Travelex Money Card vs Wise Debit Card Comparison
      • OneSmart Card vs Wise Debit Card Comparison
      • Cash Passport vs Wise Debit Card Comparison
    • Travel Money By Country
      • Top Travel Destinations Where the NZD is Strong Right Now
      • Australia Travel Money
      • Bali Travel Money
      • Canada Travel Money
      • Europe Travel Money
      • Fiji Travel Money
      • Japan Travel Money
      • Rarotonga Travel Money
      • Singapore Travel Money
      • Thailand Travel Money
      • USA Travel Money
      • UK Travel Money
      • United Arab Emirates Travel Money
  • Banking & Savings
    • Banking
      • Best Bank Accounts
      • Best Debit Cards
      • Best Joint Bank Accounts
      • Kids Bank Accounts
      • Cut Overdraft Costs
      • Private Banking
      • Open an Australian Bank Account from New Zealand
      • Open a UK Bank Account from New Zealand
    • Savings
      • Best Term Deposits
      • Best Notice Saver Accounts
      • Booster Savvy Review
      • Booster Savvy Analytics Review
      • Best PIE Term Deposits
      • Best Call Accounts
      • Best Savings Accounts
      • Term Deposit Alternatives
    • Guides and Resources
      • Banks vs Credit Unions
      • Open Banking Explained
      • NZ Bank Prefix Codes
    • Reviews
      • Wise Money Transfer Review
      • Heartland Bank Review
      • First Credit Union Review
      • NZCU Baywide Review
      • The Co-operative Bank NZ Review
      • Western Union Review
  • Mortgages
    • Mortgage Essentials
      • Best Home Loans
      • Mortgage Calculator
      • How Much Can I Borrow?
      • Debt to Income Ratios
      • Equity (and Leverage) Calculator
      • Mortgage Repayment Calculator
      • Mortgage Options
      • Mortgage Cashback
    • Other Mortgage Options
      • Interest-Only Mortgages Guide
      • Interest-Only Mortgage Calculator
      • Revolving Credit Mortgages
      • Offset Mortgages
      • Offset Mortgage Calculator
      • Fixed vs Floating Mortgage Rate Calculator
      • Understanding Interest Rate Swaps
      • What is the OCR?
    • Alternative Mortgage Options
      • Low-Deposit Home Loans
      • Rent to Own Homes
      • First Home Loan Guide
      • Reverse Mortgages
      • Lifetime Home Review
    • Mortgage Management
      • Saving for a House Deposit
      • Saving for a House Deposit as a Young Professional
      • Buying a Home with Family and Friends
      • Pay Off Your Mortgage Faster
      • Mortgage Overpayment Calculator
      • What To Do if You Bought a House at the Peak of the New Zealand Market
      • Tips for Seniors Renting or Paying Down a Mortgage
      • Remortgaging Guide
      • Mortgage Relief and Holidays
      • Amortisation Calculator
      • Mortgage Break Fees
      • Defaulting on a Mortgage
      • High Deposit Mortgages
      • Negative Equity
      • How to Manage Higher Mortgage Payments
      • Mortgage Refinance Calculator
    • Mortgage Brokers
      • Mortgage Brokers Explained
      • Trusted Auckland Mortgage Brokers
      • Trusted Hamilton Mortgage Brokers
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers in Tauranga
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers in Napier and Hastings
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers in Wellington
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers on the Kapiti Coast
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers in Christchurch
      • LifeDirect Mortgages Review
    • Buying a Home
      • First Home Buyers Checklist
      • Home Buying Glossary
      • Best House Price & Valuation Websites in New Zealand
      • New Zealand Property Types
      • Rateable Value vs Market Value
      • Leasehold Property Guide
      • Conveyancing vs Lawyers
      • Buying an Apartment in New Zealand
      • Buying vs Renting a House
    • Selling a Home
      • How to Sell Your House Privately
      • Real Estate Agent Fees
      • Bridging Finance
    • Property Investment
      • Investment Property Mortgages
      • Renting Directly to Tenants vs Using an Agent
      • Interest Deductibility Changes
    • Building a House
      • NZCB Review
      • Average Building Cost Per Square Metre
      • Cost to Build a New House
      • Buying Land to Build a House
      • Construction Loans
      • Tiny Homes in New Zealand
  • KiwiSaver
    • KiwiSaver Basics
      • Free $500+ Government Money for KiwiSaver
      • Our Favourite KiwiSaver Funds
      • Is KiwiSaver Safe?
      • Choosing a KiwiSaver Fund
      • How Aggressive Should KiwiSaver Be
      • Choosing Your KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Balanced vs Moderate vs Growth KiwiSaver Funds - What is right for me?
      • KiwiSaver Must-Know Facts
      • Opting out of KiwiSaver
      • What Do I Do With My KiwiSaver When I Retire?
      • KiwiSaver Withdrawal
      • Merging KiwiSaver and Australian Super Balances
      • Switching KiwiSaver Funds
      • KiwiSaver Robo and Digital Advice Tools
      • Ethical Kiwisaver Funds
      • KiwiSaver Private Equity Investments
    • KiwiSaver Contributions & Tax
      • Your KiwiSaver Contributions
      • KiwiSaver Contributions - Gross or Net?
      • Employer KiwiSaver Contributions
      • Government KiwiSaver Contributions
      • KiwiSaver Savings Suspensions
      • Voluntary Contributions
      • What's My PIR?
      • KiwiSaver and Tax
    • KiwiSaver for Life Events and Specific Situations
      • Average KiwiSaver Balance by Age
      • KiwiSaver First-Home Withdrawal
      • KiwiSaver First Home Grant Guide
      • KiwiSaver Hardship Applications
      • KiwiSaver in a Divorce or Separation
      • KiwiSaver for Kids
    • KiwiSaver Schemes
      • Amanah KiwiSaver Scheme
      • AMP KiwiSaver Scheme
      • ANZ KiwiSaver Scheme
      • ASB KiwiSaver Scheme
      • AON KiwiSaver Scheme
      • BNZ KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Booster KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Fisher Funds KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Generate KiwiSaver Scheme
      • InvestNow KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Pie KiwiSaver Scheme Review
      • Kernel KiwiSaver Review
      • Kernel KiwiSaver Plan vs Superlife KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Kiwi Wealth KiwiSaver Scheme
      • kōura Wealth KiwiSaver Review
      • SBS Wealth KiwiSaver Scheme Review
      • MAS KiwiSaver Scheme
        • MAS Review
      • Mercer KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Milford KiwiSaver Plan
      • New Zealand Defence Force KiwiSaver Scheme
      • GoalsGetter KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Pathfinder KiwiSaver Review
      • QuayStreet KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Simplicity KiwiSaver Review
      • Summer KiwiSaver Scheme
      • SuperLife Review
      • Westpac KiwiSaver Scheme
    • KiwiSaver Calculators
      • KiwiSaver Calculator
      • KiwiSaver Returns Calculator
  • Business
    • Compare Business Loans
      • Business Line of Credit
      • Business Borrowing Options
      • Small Business Loans
      • Operating Leases
      • Finance Leases
      • Operating Leases vs Financing Leases
      • Car Loan Repayment Calculator
      • Prospa Business Loans Review
      • Bizcap Business Loans Review
      • Taxi (Business Funding) Review
    • Business Insurance
      • Public Liability Insurance
      • Professional Indemnity Insurance
      • Business Interruption Insurance
    • Wise Business Account Review
    • Business Credit Cards
    • Business Essentials
      • Money Saving Tips For Businesses
      • Get Debtors to Pay Overdue Invoices
      • Working Capital
      • Liquidations and Receiverships
      • Can't Make Payroll Guide
      • Buying out a Business Partner
      • Business Brokers
    • PAYE & Taxes
      • PAYE Calculator
      • PAYE Tax Rates 2025 & 2026
      • Minimum Wage
      • Tax Codes in New Zealand
    • Business Calculators & Resources
      • GST Calculator
      • GST Due Dates 2025
      • Business Loan Calculator
      • ROI Calculator
      • IRR Calculator
      • Internal Rate of Return
      • Percent Off Calculator
      • Profit Margin Calculator
      • Current Ratio Calculator
      • Quick Ratio Calculator
    • Online Services
      • Domain Names
      • Trusted Web Designers
        • Auckland Web Designers
        • Hamilton Web Designers
        • Wellington Web Designers
        • Christchurch Web Designers
        • Tauranga Web Designers
        • Lower Hutt Web Designers
        • Dunedin Web Designers
      • Digital Identity Programs and Online Verification Tools
      • Trusted Auckland SEO Companies
      • Social Media Influencer Marketing
      • PayPal NZ Account Fees
      • Paypal vs Stripe Review
      • Hnry Review
      • n3 Trade Card Review
      • Plain English Awards
      • Retail Security Options and Costs
    • For Startups
      • How to Start a Business in New Zealand
      • Raising Capital
      • Product Market Fit
      • Crowdfunding vs Bank Financing
      • Blackbird vs Movac
      • How to Become an Angel Investor
      • How to Raise Money from Angel Investors
      • Alternatives to VC Funding
      • Hiring for a Startup
      • VCFO (Virtual CFO)
      • New Zealand Startup and Founder Incubators
      • Expanding Offshore
      • New Zealand Invoice Template
      • Business Podcasts
  • MSD
    • Navigating Work and Income Benefits
    • Jobseeker Support Benefit Rates 2025 and 2026
    • Jobseeker Support Guide
    • Accommodation Supplement Guide
    • SuperGold Card Review
    • Disability Allowance
    • MyMSD
    • Community Services Card
    • Hardship Assistance - Urgent Costs and Living Expense Assistance
    • Loans for Unemployed
    • Working for Families Guide
    • Childcare Subsidies in New Zealand
    • Super Rates 2025 and 2026
    • NZ Superannuation in a Nutshell
    • Government Departments Helping New Zealanders Directly
    • Food Grants Guide
    • Food Banks Directory
      • Food Banks Auckland
      • Food Banks Northland
      • Food Banks Hamilton Waikato
      • Food Banks Wellington
      • Food Banks Christchurch
  • Motoring
    • Buying and Selling a Car
      • Car Valuations
      • Buying a Used Car
      • Selling a Car
      • Turners Cars Review
      • CarJam Review
      • CarJam vs MotorWeb Car Report Comparison
      • Top Cars that Hold Their Value
      • Vehicle Leasing
      • Car Registration in New Zealand
      • The Women's Guide to Buying a Car
    • Car Dealerships Explained
    • Everyday Driving
      • Costs of Owning a Car
      • 20 Ways to Make Driving Cheaper
      • Gaspy App Review
      • Parking Tickets
      • AA Membership Review
      • Best Car Batteries
      • Best Electric Cars
      • Buyer’s Guide for the 2023 Toyota Hilux
      • Buyer’s Guide for the 2023 Toyota RAV4
      • Buyer’s Guide for the 2023 Ford Ranger
    • Warrant of Fitness
      • Guide to Warrant of Fitness
      • Warrant of Fitness Auckland
      • Warrant of Fitness Hamilton
      • Warrant of Fitness Tauranga
      • Warrant of Fitness Lower Hutt
      • Warrant of Fitness Wellington
      • Warrant of Fitness Christchurch
      • Warrant of Fitness Dunedin
  • Law
    • Wills Guide
    • Separation Agreements
    • Prenuptial Agreements
    • Divorce Guide
    • Trusts Guide
    • Enduring Power of Attorney Guide
    • Living Wills Guide
    • Probate
    • Agreeable Review
    • Footprint Online Wills Review
    • Perpetual Guardian
  • Travel
    • Moving Overseas
      • Working Holiday Visas
      • Working Holiday Visas for 30+ Year-Old New Zealanders
      • Moving to Australia
      • Moving to London
    • Air New Zealand Specific
      • Air NZ Upgrade Guide
      • How to Redeem Air New Zealand Airpoints Dollars
      • Fastest Way To Earn Air NZ Status Points
      • Air New Zealand Koru Membership Review
      • Airpoints Flexipay Guide
      • Air New Zealand Travel Tips
      • Air New Zealand Refunds & Credits
    • Lounges, Upgrades, Car Hire & More
      • How to Get Access to Airport Lounges
      • Air New Zealand Skycouch Review
      • No Nonsense Upgrade Guide
      • Car Rental Hire
      • Auckland Airport Car Parking
    • Best of New Zealand
      • Auckland Travel for Less
      • 100+ Free Things to do in Auckland
      • Queenstown Like a Local
    • Hotels & Dining
      • Accor Plus Review
      • First Table Guide
      • Hotel Booking Sites Compared
    • Foreign Currency Exchange
      • Currency Converter
      • Australian Dollars Exchange Rate
      • American Dollars Exchange Rate
      • British Pound Exchange Rate
      • Canadian Dollars Exchange Rate
      • Euro Exchange Rate
      • Fijian Dollars Exchange Rate
      • Hong Kong Dollar Exchange Rate
      • Korean Won Exchange Rate
      • Indian Rupee Exchange Rate
      • Japanese Yen Exchange Rate
      • Malaysian Ringgit Exchange Rate
      • South African Rand Exchange Rate
      • Singapore Dollars Exchange Rate
      • Thai Baht Exchange Rate
      • Chinese Yuan Exchange Rate
  • Travel Insurance
    • Compare Travel Insurance
    • AMEX Airpoints Platinum Travel Insurance Review
    • Travel Insurance by Destination
      • Australia and the Pacifc
        • Australia Travel Insurance
        • Fiji Travel Insurance
        • Rarotonga Travel Insurance
      • Asia
        • Bali Travel Insurance
        • China Travel Insurance
        • India Travel Insurance
        • Japan Travel Insurance
        • Malaysia Travel Insurance
        • Singapore Travel Insurance
        • South Korea Travel Insurance
        • Thailand Travel Insurance
        • Vietnam Travel Insurance
      • Americas & Africa
        • Canada Travel Insurance
        • Peru Travel Insurance
        • South Africa Travel Insurance
        • USA Travel Insurance
      • Europe
        • France Travel Insurance
        • Greece Travel Insurance
        • Italy Travel Insurance
        • UK Travel Insurance
    • Specific Risk Cover
      • Do I Need Travel Insurance?
      • Pregnancy Travel Insurance
    • Travel Insurer Reviews
      • Southern Cross Travel Insurance Review
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  • Banking & Savings
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  • KiwiSaver
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  • Power
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  • Essential Money Tips
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    • Money & Relationships
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    • Valuable Insights
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  • Financial Independence
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  • Trade Services
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Liquidations and Receiverships - The Definitive New Zealand Guide

Liquidations and Receiverships NZ
Updated 20 July 2024

Not every business will succeed. For every startup success story, there are hundreds of everyday companies that go bust. There is a consistent liquidation process that New Zealand companies will need to go through should the need arise.

This guide covers the liquidation and receivership process, their fundamental differences, and frequently asked questions about liquidators and receiverships in New Zealand.

To help you navigate and understand what's important, our guide covers:
  • Liquidations vs Receiverships
  • Voluntary vs Court-Appointed Liquidations
  • Top Tips to Avoid Insolvency (or to Navigate a Liquidation)
  • Frequently Asked Questions

Know This First - Our guide offers general information only. Our list of the most popular New Zealand insolvency professionals includes:
  • Specialist insolvency firms (e.g. Calibre Partners (formerly KordaMentha) and McGrathNicol)
  • Big 4 accounting firms (PwC, Deloitte, KPMG, EY)
  • Law firms (Buddle Findlay, Chapman Tripp, Russell McVeagh, Simpson Grierson)

Liquidations vs Receiverships

Liquidations vs Receiverships

What are Liquidations?

  • Sometimes companies get into debt and are unable to pay. When this is the case, a business can be forced to close through company liquidation or receivership. 
  • Liquidations occur as a result of a company that becomes insolvent. Insolvency can either mean the debts the company owes that cannot be paid when they are due, or the total debt that the company owes is more than the value of its assets. 
  • A liquidation means all of a company's unsecured assets are sold to repay creditors. A liquidator is appointed and will take control of the company, investigate the various financial assets and liabilities and sell the relevant assets to repay creditors.
  • Note that this is different to running at a loss, mainly when a business grows fast or new. If you become insolvent, make sure to take advantage of the variety of support services available.

The Liquidation Process
The liquidation process can be different depending on the circumstances (e.g. whether the company is trading or not, and depending on what assets the company has). 

There are three options for a company to enter into liquidation:
  1. A court orders the liquidation 
  2. A resolution is passed for a voluntary liquidation (by Shareholders/directors)
  3. The creditors pass a resolution for a liquidation (typically at a watershed meeting).

From there, the liquidation process takes the following steps:
  1. A liquidator notifies the Companies Office.
  2. The liquidation is advertised to the general public.
  3. A creditors meeting is held to confirm the liquidation.
  4. The liquidation formally takes place (typically, this involves the closure of any branches, sales of any assets and settling any relevant claims)
  5. A report is sent to the relevant creditors and the companies office for record-keeping
  6. The administration is formally completed – which includes sending out the final report, notifying the companies office of the completed transaction and removing the company from the companies register.

A liquidation may include any number of these activities:
  • Wrapping up any business operations
  • Identifying key assets and going through the process of selling them
  • Reaching out to relevant stakeholders and receiving claims from creditors
  • Sending progress reports to relevant stakeholders (e.g. creditors and shareholders)
  • Investigate possible offences, unusual transactions, or director liability
  • Making payments to creditors that are owed money
  • Send the final report to creditors and notify the Companies Office (The company will then be removed from the Companies Office Register).

What are Receiverships?

  • Receiverships are specifically tailored for creditors. Where a creditor is owed a debt that cannot be repaid, a creditor can appoint a receiver to sell any assets that the debts have been secured against.
  • For instance - if you have provided a company with a loan that is secured by a car, and in the next month when the payment is due, they are unable to pay, you can appoint a receiver to legally take control of the car and sell it to pay off the debt owed to you.

Liquidations and Receiverships NZ

Voluntary vs Court-Appointed Liquidations

The process to be followed by the administrators and shareholders of a business to wind the business up depends on the business's financial position (i.e. whether it is solvent or insolvent).

1. Solvent Companies

When the choice has been made that a solvent company is no longer required, it is often placed into liquidation by a shareholder resolution. This happens after the administrators have provided a Certificate on Solvency (Section 243 (9) of the Companies Act 1993). In addition, there is a declaration that the business will need to be ready to pay off its debts fully within 12 months after the appointment of the liquidator (Section 243 A).

2. Insolvent Companies

When the administrators of a corporation conclude that the corporate is insolvent and will stop trading, they need the choice to commence the voluntary winding up of the business by having the shareholders appoint a liquidator. The special shareholder resolution can't be passed until after the solvency resolution has been signed and filed at the Companies Office (no later than 20 days).

A second procedure for solvent companies is known as the short form removal process. This short-form process is often administered by the company's directors, shareholders or by external accountants. It is quicker and easier, without the need to notify the general public or filing various reports.

Court-Appointed Liquidation

As the creditor of a business that has failed to cover amounts owed, the sole option left is to go through a court-appointed liquidation. The process to possess an insolvent company ordered by the supreme court, on the appliance of a creditor, is as follows:
  1. Confirm that you simply have the right legal name of the debtor company – not just a trading name.
  2. Have a statutory demand served on the business. This provides the debtor company 15 working days to form payment or enter into an appointment to settle.
  3. If the statutory demand isn't satisfied, an application must be filed within the supreme court to possess the corporate placed into liquidation.
  4. Relevant documents are filed with the court and formally served onto the debtor company.
  5. Notice is shown to the general public (typically circulated by online media or in the NZ Herald).
  6. The liquidators will provide written consent to be appointed for the job.
  7. The matters will be heard at a subsequent Court day set for hearing insolvency matters, and therefore, the liquidation will commence once the Associate Judge of the supreme court makes the order.
  8. It is recommended to engage lawyers from the start of the process to ensure that the statutory demand is correctly prepared and served. The lawyers will need to be involved in the preparation and filing of the Court proceedings. The creditor that is making the application can nominate an insolvency practitioner for this.

How insolvency relates to employees

  • If you have employees and become insolvent, their wages and salaries owed must be paid before paying any debt owed to unsecured creditors.
  • The biggest amount an employee can claim as a preferential payment is around $23,000 – but this figure doesn't guarantee the amount employees will receive if an employer becomes insolvent.
  • Furthermore, once all the secured creditors are paid (e.g. the relevant categories of creditors like employees), there's often very little left over to pay the rest of the debts to unsecured creditors.
  • This is why it can potentially be riskier to give loans to companies as unsecured debt. 

Liquidations and Receiverships NZ

Top Tips to Avoid Insolvency (or to Navigate a Liquidation)

1. Measure your debt
The first thing to do is calculate your overall debt. This helps to:
  • Estimate how long it will take to pay off
  • Know what options you've got
  • Seek out advisors to help understand your problem
  • Gather all financial documents to get the foremost accurate figures you'll need.

2. Get Advice
Getting advice from various parties who are experienced in insolvencies can be a great way to get ahead. These include talking to:
  • Accountants/lawyers: This is the first person you should talk to regarding your situation – typically, they will know what you should do to continue trading. They can assist you to figure out the next steps and provide sound advice to avoid any similar problems you encounter in the future.
  • Financial advisors/CFO: Getting advice on how you can budget better can assist in cutting your costs down, slow debt growth, or obtain an agreement with the IRD to avoid penalties.

3. Take action
  • Supplier creditors (e.g. those you owe money to, such as suppliers, lenders, or the IRD) will need communication. This typically involves explaining your situation and discussing options to repay what you owe (or what portion you can repay).
  • Sometimes a viable option may be to propose to negotiate with creditors to pay in instalments. It can help to get support from your accountant, lawyer or CFO to assist in this process.
  • If a business that becomes insolvent owes you money, in most cases you will have a course of action you can take to formally request funds back.

Most popular New Zealand insolvency professionals:
  • Specialist insolvency firms (e.g. Calibre Partners (formerly KordaMentha) and McGrathNicol)
  • Big 4 accounting firms (PwC, Deloitte, KPMG, EY)
  • Law firms (Buddle Findlay, Chapman Tripp, Russell McVeagh, Simpson Grierson)

Remember: The processes detailed above are the essential steps that will be taken to wind a corporation up in New Zealand. However, the processes described might not always be appropriate due to the actual circumstances of the case.

Liquidations and Receiverships NZ

Frequently Asked Questions

Know This First - Our guide (and frequently asked questions below) offers general information only. Our list of the most popular New Zealand insolvency professionals includes:
  • Specialist insolvency firms (e.g. Calibre Partners (formerly KordaMentha) and McGrathNicol)
  • Big 4 accounting firms (PwC, Deloitte, KPMG, EY)
  • Law firms (Buddle Findlay, Chapman Tripp, Russell McVeagh, Simpson Grierson)

What are the typical costs to liquidate a company?

Liquidations can vary widely depending on the company's size, industry and how well the business has been managed. In addition, the length of negotiations and how drawn out the process is will directly influence costs (as the liquidators/receivers will be charging by the day). In general, if a creditor is petitioning the court to liquidate a company, this can cost anywhere from $1,000 - $10,000+. From the founder's perspective, the liquidators or receivers will take out their costs from the company's assets or be paid by the court in some circumstances.

What's the difference between Secured Creditors and Unsecured Creditors?

There are two sorts of creditors: secured and unsecured. Secured creditors have the proper right to repossess and sell a debtor's assets if the debtor falls behind in payments (e.g. a car yard may need security over a debtor's car they are paying off, or where a bank has security over a home or property as a part of a mortgage). Unsecured creditors do not have the proper right to repossess or sell any of the debtor's assets if they default on their payments. Unsecured creditors will only have a claim to any money owed if the debtor goes into involuntary closure or becomes insolvent.

Can administrators shop back the company's assets?

The liquidator's main job is to get the best price for the assets available. If a director wants to shop for assets, the liquidator has these assets independently valued. As long as the sale is at an equivalent price or above what would be achieved on the open market, there's usually no reason why it shouldn't happen. Such sales often realise more value for creditors, as there are no auction or additional fees involved.

When should I consider insolvency?

Sooner rather than later. In many cases, the administrators have sunk further money into the company when there was no realistic chance of repayment. It is better off to put the creditors and relevant stakeholders on notice to stay fully transparent. This provides the best outcomes for all parties. 

Delays also place the directors in danger of action against them personally, especially where PAYE has been deducted but not paid. As a result, the IRD is becoming more aggressive in pursuing directors personally for non-payment of PAYE. Various samples of recent IRD prosecutions can be found on the IRD website.

What is a Shadow Director?

The Companies Act defines a shadow director as a person under whose directions or instructions the company's board could also be required to act. However, the definition explains that this doesn't apply to individuals to the extent that they act only in a "professional capacity".

It is essential that professional advisors focus on providing only advice and don't cross a line whereby they're instructing or directing a company's directors. If knowledgeable advisor becomes involved in making management decisions, they run the danger of being held liable alongside the named directors within the event of insolvency.

I am a creditor of a company that's gone into default - what can I do?

If you've got credit insurance, ask your insurer whether you're covered for all or part of your loss. If you are owed on an invoice basis for GST accounting, you'll need to make a debt adjustment to your GST return (an accountant can do this for you). Taking the time to submit a form can be the best course of action because it is usually unclear whether a dividend will be paid at the beginning of a case. Firms are only permitted to pay dividends to creditors who file formal claims – so make sure that if you are a creditor, you file a claim.

How long does liquidation take from start to finish?

It varies from case to case. Easy liquidations will often be completed in three to six months. However, more complex matters can take in the upwards of several years. The factors that tend to delay a liquidation are drawn-out legal matters or sales of certain high-value assets.

When does the IRD get preference?

Always. The IRD will always rank ahead of others due to preferential treatment for PAYE and GST. These funds are expected to be held by the corporate on trust for the IRD. Core debt is also preferential and any related interest or penalties. The IRD's preferential claim will rank after any wage claims from employees, holiday pay or redundancy pay. These preferential claims are capped at a certain amount per employee.

Which parties get paid first in a liquidation?

This is a rather complicated area, but the broad outline is as follows:
  • Secured creditors and preferential creditors are paid first; then, unsecured creditors are next.
  • Creditors with specific security overstock and equipment typically have priority to recover those items where they will be clearly identified.
  • The categories of preferential claims are wages for employees, redundancy pay and holiday pay. Additionally, the IRD have a claim for GST and PAYE.
  • If there is anything left (say $50,000) remaining to pay to unsecured creditors, and that they are owed a total of $500,000, each party will receive a dividend of 10c for every $1 on their debt.

How does a liquidator get appointed? How does that differ from the way a receiver gets appointed?

A receiver is typically appointed by a bank or other creditor holding a General Security Agreement ("GSA") covering all the company's assets. Although a receiver features a duty to preserve other creditors' rights, their powers are limited. Once the GSA holder is paid, the receiver ceases to act. If there are other assets to be sold or matters requiring investigation, a liquidator will also be appointed.

A liquidator's powers are wider than the powers of a receiver. For example, liquidators typically have investigatory powers to line aside voidable transactions and convey actions for offences under the Companies Act.

The directors of a liquidated company have started another business – is this allowed?

There is nothing that prevents directors from forming a replacement business. However, if the new company has an equivalent or an identical name, or trading name, like that of the liquidated company, the directors are often held personally responsible for the debts of the new entity unless they obtain the leave of the court. They will also face a considerable fine or maybe imprisonment. These are referred to as a 'phoenix company'.

The main exception for this is where the new company buys the old company's assets from the receiver or liquidator. In this situation, the administrators must write to all creditors of the old company, advising them of the new company's formation. Additionally, directors who are consistently involved in failed companies will be blocked from acting as directors in other companies (typically on application to MBIE or the Courts).

What is a "solvent liquidation", and how does it work?

A solvent liquidation occurs where companies are removed from the register that are no longer required whilst minimising the risks related to creditor claims that can be filed later. It also allows for capital gains to be distributed to shareholders (normally tax-free).

How can you search whether a company is in liquidation?

You can find the companies in liquidation by going to business.govt.nz/companies and searching in the box the business name it legally trades with. Details of any insolvencies, alongside all reports to creditors, are listed in the documents tab.

When does a liquidator get appointed?

A liquidator is typically appointed by the shareholders or by creditors through an application to the supreme court. For shareholders, the procedure is usually as easy as signing a resolution. There are typically no legal costs involved during a shareholder appointment.

What is a watershed meeting?

A watershed meeting is where the company's creditors have the opportunity to vote on the future of a company in administration. 

Related Guides
  • ​What to Do When You Can't Make Payroll
  • Business Loans
  • Business Cost-Saving Tips

Most popular New Zealand insolvency professionals:
  • Specialist insolvency firms (e.g. Calibre Partners (formerly KordaMentha) and McGrathNicol)
  • Big 4 accounting firms (PwC, Deloitte, KPMG, EY)
  • Law firms (Buddle Findlay, Chapman Tripp, Russell McVeagh, Simpson Grierson)
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  • Credit Cards
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        • Qantas Credit Cards
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  • Banking & Savings
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      • LifeDirect Mortgages Review
    • Buying a Home
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  • KiwiSaver
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    • Best of New Zealand
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  • Travel Insurance
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    • Essential Information
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      • How to Renew a New Zealand Passport
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  • Mobile & SIM
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  • Broadband
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    • Internet Speed Test
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  • Power
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    • Power Companies
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  • Essential Money Tips
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    • Money & Relationships
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      • Financial Red Flags in a Relationship
      • Don’t Let Supporting Your Adult Children Ruin Your Retirement
      • Lending Money to Friends & Family
      • Guarantors - Loans and Mortgages
    • Money & Family
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    • Valuable Insights
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    • Challenging Economic Conditions
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      • Layoffs, Redundancies and Restructures - Your Rights and Next Steps
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  • Financial Independence
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    • FIRE Tools
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      • SortMe Review
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    • Tax
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      • Salary Sacrifice in New Zealand
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  • Life Essentials
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      • Free Samples
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    • Kids Eat Free
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    • Entertainment
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    • Consumer Rights
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    • Shopping Resources
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    • Living Essentials
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    • Home & Kitchen
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      • Best Computer Desks
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      • Blinds, Curtains and Drapes Auckland
    • Health & Personal Care
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  • Trade Services
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