MoneyHub NZ
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  • Investing
    • Investing Platforms
      • Reviews
        • Sharesies Review
        • Hatch Review
        • Stake Review
          • Stake Black Review
        • Tiger Brokers (NZ) Review
        • Superhero Review
        • BlackBull Markets Share Trading Platform Review
        • ASB Securities Review
        • Invest Direct Review
        • InvestNow Review
        • Kernel Review
        • Interactive Brokers
        • Smart Review
        • Catalist Review
      • Comparisons
        • Sharesies vs Hatch vs Stake
        • Kernel vs Smart
        • Hatch vs Stake
        • Hatch vs Tiger Brokers
        • Sharesies vs Tiger Brokers
        • Stake vs Tiger Brokers
        • Comparing Sharesies vs Investnow vs Hatch vs Invest Direct and more
        • Best Investment Apps
        • How Do I Start Investing?
        • Virtual Stocks and Shares Trading Games
      • Guides
        • How to Invest in Shares
        • Investing in Vanguard Funds from New Zealand
        • Investing in the US Stock Market from New Zealand
          • How To Buy Tesla Shares
          • How To Buy Apple Shares
          • How To Buy Amazon Shares
          • How To Buy Alphabet Shares
          • How To Buy Netflix Shares
          • How To Buy Microsoft Shares
          • How To Buy Meta Shares
        • US Extended Hours Trading Explained
        • What Happens If Your Investing Platform Shuts Down?
        • Fractional Shares
        • Transferring Share Portfolios
        • How to Read and Understand a Share Chart
        • NZX in a Nutshell
        • Investing in the ASX from New Zealand
        • Investing in Asian Markets from New Zealand
        • Understand Gross vs Net
        • How to Attend the 2026 Berkshire Hathaway Annual Shareholders Meeting
    • Introduction to Investing
      • Guides
        • Index Funds
        • ETFs (Exchange Traded Funds)
        • Cash Funds
        • Index Funds vs ETFs
        • 10 Ways to Invest in New Zealand
        • Compound Interest Explained
        • How to Invest Regularly
        • Passive Investing vs Active Investing
        • Investments You Can Own Forever
        • Investing Mistakes
        • Investing in the S&P 500 from New Zealand
        • Best Retirement Income Products in New Zealand
        • Shares vs ETFs
        • Dollar Cost Averaging Guide
        • Margin Lending and Loans Explained
        • Borrowing to Invest in Property, Shares or Funds
        • Passive Income Strategies
        • How Wealthy New Zealanders Invest Their Money
        • The Best Way to Invest Inheritance or a Windfall
        • Barefoot Investor-Friendly Financial Products in New Zealand
        • Investment Terms Glossary
        • IPOs
        • Investing in Dividend Shares
        • Common Shareholder Numbers in New Zealand
        • Shorting a Stock
        • Investing vs Trading vs Gambling
        • Investment Strategies for the Time-Poor
        • Advanced Trading Concepts
        • New and Emerging Investment Opportunities and Trends
      • Young People and Investing
        • Investing for Kids
        • Investing For Grandchildren
        • 10 Top Investments for Young New Zealanders
        • Sharesies Kids Accounts Review
        • SquareOne Review
        • Dosh Review
      • Investing Calculators
        • Term Deposit Calculator
        • Compound Interest Calculator
        • Investment Calculator
        • Savings Calculator
        • Net Worth Calculator
        • Million Dollar Calculator
    • Managed Funds, Tax & DIY Investing
      • Guides
        • Investing Guide
        • Managed Funds
          • Pie Funds Management Review
          • Booster Private Land and Property Fund Review
          • AMP Managed Funds Review
        • Our Favourite Managed Funds
        • Advisers
          • Financial Advisers Overview
          • DIY Investing vs Investment Brokerage Firms vs Financial Advisors
          • Financial Advisers Auckland
          • Financial Advisers Hamilton
          • Financial Advisers Tauranga
          • Financial Advisers Napier & Hastings
          • Financial Advisers Palmerston North
          • Financial Advisers Wellington
          • Financial Advisers Lower Hutt & Hutt Valley
          • Financial Advisers Nelson & Tasman
          • Financial Advisers Christchurch
          • Financial Advisers Dunedin
          • Lighthouse Financial Services Review
          • Interest Rate Predictions 2025
            • Money Sweetspot Review
            • 20 Property Investment Risks You Can't Ignore
            • Shares vs Property Investment
            • Milford vs ANZ KiwiSaver Growth Funds Comparison
            • Best Performing KiwiSaver Funds
            • Kernel Shares & ETF Investing Review
        • Bank Credit Ratings
        • Tax on Investments and Savings
        • Capital Gains Tax
        • Bright-Line Test
        • Ethical Investing
        • Best ESG Funds
        • Asset Allocations to Build Wealth
        • Managing Offshore Investments for Returning New Zealanders and Migrants
        • How to Buy and Sell Bonds
        • Buying NZ Corporate Bonds
        • Trading in a Nutshell
        • Peer to Peer Lending
        • Crowdfunding Guide
        • REITs Guide
        • Jasper Review
        • Investing & Personal Finance Podcasts
        • Emergency Funds
        • UK Pension Transfer to New Zealand
        • Returning to the UK from NZ
        • Spending Your Savings in Retirement
        • How to Take Income from Investments
        • What Am I Entitled to If My UK Pension Scheme or Provider Makes a Mistake?
        • Investment Scams
        • Investing in Recession-Proof Sectors and Asset Classes During a Downturn
        • Hedging Investments
        • Top Personal Finance Books for New Zealanders
        • Top Ten Personal Finance Resources
      • Reviews
        • Simplicity Investment Funds Review
        • Lending Crowd Review
        • Squirrel Review
        • Sharesight Review
        • Lifetime Retirement Income
        • New Zealand Financial Markets Authority (FMA)
      • Calculators
        • Managed Funds Fee Calculator
        • Basis Points Calculator
        • Inflation Calculator
        • Retirement Calculator New Zealand
    • Alternative Investments and Trading
      • Reviews
        • BlackBull Markets Review
        • CMC Markets Review
        • Plus500 Review
        • IG Review
        • TMGM Review
        • CMC Markets vs Plus500 vs IG Markets vs BlackBull Markets
      • Guides
        • How to Invest in Gold
        • How to Invest in Silver
        • Forex Trading Guide
          • Forex Trading Platforms Comparison
          • Forex Trading Tools
          • Forex Trading Courses and Education
          • Forex Regulation
        • Options Trading
        • Contracts for Difference (CFDs) Guide
        • Futures Trading
        • Commodities Trading
        • Copy Trading
      • Cryptocurrency
        • Reviews
          • Easy Crypto Review
          • Swyftx Review
          • Binance Review
          • Easy Crypto vs Swyftx
          • NZDD Review
          • Independent Reserve Review
          • eToro Review
          • Coinbase Review
          • Kiwi-Coin Bitcoin Exchange Review
          • Vault International Bitcoin Fund Review
        • Guides
          • How to Buy Bitcoin in New Zealand
          • Beginner's Guide to Bitcoin and Blockchain
          • Stablecoins
          • Guide to NFTs
          • Bitcoin Wallet Guide
          • Bitcoin Mining
          • How to Sell Bitcoin
          • Bitcoin and Crypto Scams
          • Initial Coin Offerings
          • A Beginner’s Guide to Investing in Cryptocurrencies
          • Decentralised Finance
          • Bitcoin in New Zealand
          • New Zealand Bitcoin Exchanges
          • How to Buy Ethereum in New Zealand
          • Other Coins
            • How to Buy Ripple in New Zealand
            • How to Buy Cardano in New Zealand
            • How to Buy Dogecoin in New Zealand
            • How to Buy Litecoin in New Zealand
            • How to Buy Polkadot in New Zealand
  • Loans & Finance
    • Car Finance
      • Car Finance Calculator
      • Electric Vehicle Loans
      • How to Refinance Your Car Loan
      • Car Loan Refinance Calculator
      • Car Dealership Finance vs Alternatives
      • Motorcycle and Moped Loans
      • Motorcycle and Moped Loan Calculator
      • Asset Finance
      • Asset Finance Repayment Calculator
      • Business Vehicle Loans
      • Bad Credit Car Loans
      • Car Loan Brokers vs Direct Car Finance
      • Car Loan Amortisation Calculator
      • Car Finance Company Reviews
        • Simplify Loans Review
        • Toyota Finance Review
        • Mazda Finance Review
        • MTF Finance Review
        • AA Money Review
        • Better Finance Review
        • Kiwi Car Loans Review
        • Lending People Review
        • Driva Car Loans Review
      • Car Finance Must-Knows Guides
        • Buying a Car Loan vs Personal Loan?
        • Car Loans and Collateral
        • Car Loan Guarantors
        • How to Save for a Car
        • Paying Cash for a Car vs Car Finance
        • Balloon Payments
        • Boat Financing Calculator
      • Car Finance Add-On Insurance Guides
        • GAP (Guaranteed Asset Protection Insurance) Insurance
        • Compare Mechanical Breakdown Insurance
        • PPI (Payment Protection Insurance)
    • Personal Loans
      • Debt Consolidation Loans
      • Secured Loans
      • Green Loans
      • Home Renovation Loans
      • Online Loans
      • Bad Credit Loans
      • Beneficiary Loans
      • Payday Loans
      • Cash Advance
      • Same Day Loans
      • Low Income Loans
      • Personal Loan Calculator
      • Debt Consolidation Calculator
      • The Dangers of Debt Consolidation
      • Refinance Personal Loan Calculator
      • Home Renovation Loan Calculator
      • Interest Calculator
      • Harmoney Loans Review
      • Nectar Review
      • Avanti Finance Review
      • Save My Bacon Review
    • Credit Scores & Interest Rates
      • Credit Scores and Credit Checks
      • How to Build Credit in New Zealand
      • How to Pay Down Debt Faster
      • Baycorp and Debt Collection
      • Interest Rates Guide
      • Interest Rate Comparison
      • Buy Now Pay Later Apps
        • Afterpay Review
        • Laybuy Review
        • Humm Review
        • Zip Review
  • Insurance
    • Compare Insurance
      • Compare Car Insurance
      • Car Insurance by Vehicle
        • Compare Toyota Aqua Insurance Costs
        • Compare Toyota Corolla Insurance Costs
        • Compare Toyota Hilux Insurance Costs
        • Compare Mazda2 and Demio Insurance Costs
        • Compare Ford Ranger Insurance Costs
        • Compare Nissan Navara Insurance Costs
        • Compare Subaru Legacy Insurance Costs
      • Reviews & Policy Comparisons
        • AMI vs AMP vs AA Insurance vs Cove vs State vs Tower vs Trade Me Insurance
        • Cove Car Insurance Review
        • Tower Car Insurance Review
        • Young Driver Car Insurance
        • Trade Me Car Insurance Review
        • Caravan Insurance
      • Car Insurance Guides
        • Third Party Car Insurance
        • How to Get Cheaper Car Insurance
        • Car Insurance Calculator
        • No Claims Bonuses Explained
        • Car Insurance Excess Explained
        • Cheapest Cars to Insure
        • Modifications that Make a Car Uninsurable
        • Car Insurers Directory
        • Car Insurance Glossary
        • Most Stolen Cars
    • Home, Contents and Other Insurance
      • House Insurance
      • House Insurance Calculator
      • Best Holiday Home and Airbnb Insurance Policies
      • Difficult to Insure Areas
      • Sum Insured Explained
      • Is Your Home an Insurance Risk?
      • Average Cost of Car, House, and Contents Insurance
      • Insuring Old Houses
      • Contents Insurance
      • Home and Contents Insurance
      • Renters' Insurance
      • Landlord Insurance
      • Dental Insurance and Dentist Plans
      • Phone Insurance
      • Insurance Excess
      • Insurance Company Financial Strength Ratings
      • Motorbike Insurance
      • Initio Review
      • Insurance Brokers
        • Trusted Insurance Brokers in Wellington
        • Trusted Insurance Brokers in Christchurch
    • Compare Pet Insurance
      • Is Pet Insurance Worth Buying?
      • Cat and Dog Desexing
      • Getting a Kitten
      • Buying a Puppy
      • Pet Euthanasia
      • Vet Costs in New Zealand
      • Dog Vaccination Schedule and Costs
      • Costs of Owning a Cat
      • Costs of Owning a Dog
    • Students Insurance
    • Life & Health Insurance
      • Life Insurance
        • Life Insurance Policy Comparison - Cigna vs AIA vs Asteron Life vs Fidelity vs Westpac vs Partners Life
        • Stepped vs Level Life Insurance
        • Life Insurance Calculator
        • Pre-Existing Medical Conditions
        • Buying Life Insurance Direct vs Using an Insurance Broker
        • Life Insurance Policies - Features and Questions to Ask
        • When To Cancel Or Change a Life Insurance Policy
        • Life Insurance For Smokers and Vapers
      • Health Insurance
        • Going to Australia for Medical Treatment
        • BMI Calculator New Zealand
      • Income Protection Insurance
        • ACC vs Income Protection Insurance
        • Income Protection Insurance for Self Employed
      • Mortgage Insurance
      • Trauma Insurance
      • Redundancy Insurance
      • Funeral Insurance
        • What to Do When a Spouse or Partner Dies
        • Funeral Costs
  • Credit Cards
    • Best Credit Cards
    • Rewards and Cashback Credit Cards
    • Credit Cards That Earn Business Class Flights
    • The Best American Express Credit Cards
    • Air New Zealand Airpoints Credit Cards
      • Kiwibank Airpoints Cards Ending – Best Replacement Options
      • ANZ vs AMEX vs Westpac Platinum Airpoints Credit Cards
      • ANZ Airpoints Visa Platinum vs AMEX Airpoints Platinum
      • Kiwibank Airpoints Platinum Visa vs AMEX Airpoints Platinum
      • Westpac Airpoints Platinum Mastercard vs AMEX Airpoints Platinum
    • Balance Transfer Credit Cards
    • Platinum and Gold Credit Cards
    • Frequent Flyer Credit Cards
    • Travel Credit Cards
    • Interest Free Credit Cards
    • Virtual Debit and Credit Cards
    • Credit Cards That Provide Travel Insurance
    • Reviews
      • American Express Credit Cards Review
        • American Express Airpoints Platinum Review
        • American Express Gold Rewards Card Review
        • American Express Gold Business Card Review
        • AMEX Comparison - Airpoints Platinum vs Gold Rewards
        • Where is AMEX Accepted?
        • American Express Free Card vs Airpoints Platinum
        • American Express Platinum Card Review
        • American Express Membership Rewards Program Review
        • AMEX Cardholder Feedback
        • Valuing AMEX Membership Rewards Points
        • AMEX Dining Collection Program Review
        • The Best Ways to Spend AMEX Membership Rewards Points
        • Qantas Credit Cards
        • Qatar Airways Credit Cards
        • Singapore Airlines KrisFlyer Credit Cards
        • Cathay Pacific Asia Miles Credit Cards
        • Emirates Skywards Credit Cards
        • RewardPay Review
      • Flight Centre Mastercard Review
    • Guides
      • Pay Off Credit Card Debt
      • Credit Card Basics
      • Mastercard vs Visa
      • Credit Card Minimum Payments Explained
      • Credit Card Interest Calculator
      • Credit Card Debt Amortisation Calculator
      • How to Request a Credit Card Chargeback
    • Other Credit Cards
      • Best Foreign Currency Debit & Credit Cards
      • Free Credit Cards
      • Low Interest Credit Cards
      • Credit Cards for Bad Credit
      • Q Card & Q Mastercard Review
      • GEM Visa Review
      • Onecard Visa Review
      • Purple Visa Review
  • Travel Money Cards
    • Travel Money Card Reviews and Comparisons
      • Wise Debit Card Review
      • Revolut Review
      • Revolut vs Wise - Which Is Better?
      • Travelex Money Card vs Wise Debit Card Comparison
      • OneSmart Card vs Wise Debit Card Comparison
      • Cash Passport vs Wise Debit Card Comparison
    • Travel Money By Country
      • Top Travel Destinations Where the NZD is Strong Right Now
      • Australia Travel Money
      • Bali Travel Money
      • Canada Travel Money
      • Europe Travel Money
      • Fiji Travel Money
      • Japan Travel Money
      • Rarotonga Travel Money
      • Singapore Travel Money
      • Thailand Travel Money
      • USA Travel Money
      • UK Travel Money
      • United Arab Emirates Travel Money
  • Banking & Savings
    • Banking
      • Best Bank Accounts
      • Best Debit Cards
      • Best Joint Bank Accounts
      • Kids Bank Accounts
      • Cut Overdraft Costs
      • Private Banking
      • Open an Australian Bank Account from New Zealand
      • Open a UK Bank Account from New Zealand
    • Savings
      • Best Term Deposits
      • Best Notice Saver Accounts
      • Booster Savvy Review
      • Booster Savvy Analytics Review
      • Best PIE Term Deposits
      • Best Call Accounts
      • Best Savings Accounts
      • Term Deposit Alternatives
    • Guides and Resources
      • Banks vs Credit Unions
      • Open Banking Explained
      • NZ Bank Prefix Codes
    • Reviews
      • Wise Money Transfer Review
      • Heartland Bank Review
      • First Credit Union Review
      • NZCU Baywide Review
      • The Co-operative Bank NZ Review
      • Western Union Review
  • Mortgages
    • Mortgage Essentials
      • Best Home Loans
      • Mortgage Calculator
      • How Much Can I Borrow?
      • Debt to Income Ratios
      • Equity (and Leverage) Calculator
      • Mortgage Repayment Calculator
      • Mortgage Options
      • Mortgage Cashback
    • Other Mortgage Options
      • Interest-Only Mortgages Guide
      • Interest-Only Mortgage Calculator
      • Revolving Credit Mortgages
      • Offset Mortgages
      • Offset Mortgage Calculator
      • Fixed vs Floating Mortgage Rate Calculator
      • Understanding Interest Rate Swaps
      • What is the OCR?
    • Alternative Mortgage Options
      • Low-Deposit Home Loans
      • Rent to Own Homes
      • First Home Loan Guide
      • Reverse Mortgages
      • Lifetime Home Review
    • Mortgage Management
      • Saving for a House Deposit
      • Saving for a House Deposit as a Young Professional
      • Buying a Home with Family and Friends
      • Pay Off Your Mortgage Faster
      • Mortgage Overpayment Calculator
      • What To Do if You Bought a House at the Peak of the New Zealand Market
      • Tips for Seniors Renting or Paying Down a Mortgage
      • Remortgaging Guide
      • Mortgage Relief and Holidays
      • Amortisation Calculator
      • Mortgage Break Fees
      • Defaulting on a Mortgage
      • High Deposit Mortgages
      • Negative Equity
      • How to Manage Higher Mortgage Payments
      • Mortgage Refinance Calculator
    • Mortgage Brokers
      • Mortgage Brokers Explained
      • Trusted Auckland Mortgage Brokers
      • Trusted Hamilton Mortgage Brokers
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers in Tauranga
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers in Napier and Hastings
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers in Wellington
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers on the Kapiti Coast
      • Trusted Mortgage Brokers in Christchurch
      • LifeDirect Mortgages Review
    • Buying a Home
      • First Home Buyers Checklist
      • Home Buying Glossary
      • Best House Price & Valuation Websites in New Zealand
      • New Zealand Property Types
      • Rateable Value vs Market Value
      • Leasehold Property Guide
      • Conveyancing vs Lawyers
      • Buying an Apartment in New Zealand
      • Buying vs Renting a House
    • Selling a Home
      • How to Sell Your House Privately
      • Real Estate Agent Fees
      • Bridging Finance
    • Property Investment
      • Investment Property Mortgages
      • Renting Directly to Tenants vs Using an Agent
      • Interest Deductibility Changes
    • Building a House
      • NZCB Review
      • Average Building Cost Per Square Metre
      • Cost to Build a New House
      • Buying Land to Build a House
      • Construction Loans
      • Tiny Homes in New Zealand
  • KiwiSaver
    • KiwiSaver Basics
      • Free $500+ Government Money for KiwiSaver
      • Our Favourite KiwiSaver Funds
      • Is KiwiSaver Safe?
      • Choosing a KiwiSaver Fund
      • How Aggressive Should KiwiSaver Be
      • Choosing Your KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Balanced vs Moderate vs Growth KiwiSaver Funds - What is right for me?
      • KiwiSaver Must-Know Facts
      • Opting out of KiwiSaver
      • What Do I Do With My KiwiSaver When I Retire?
      • KiwiSaver Withdrawal
      • Merging KiwiSaver and Australian Super Balances
      • Switching KiwiSaver Funds
      • KiwiSaver Robo and Digital Advice Tools
      • Ethical Kiwisaver Funds
      • KiwiSaver Private Equity Investments
    • KiwiSaver Contributions & Tax
      • Your KiwiSaver Contributions
      • KiwiSaver Contributions - Gross or Net?
      • Employer KiwiSaver Contributions
      • Government KiwiSaver Contributions
      • KiwiSaver Savings Suspensions
      • Voluntary Contributions
      • What's My PIR?
      • KiwiSaver and Tax
    • KiwiSaver for Life Events and Specific Situations
      • Average KiwiSaver Balance by Age
      • KiwiSaver First-Home Withdrawal
      • KiwiSaver First Home Grant Guide
      • KiwiSaver Hardship Applications
      • KiwiSaver in a Divorce or Separation
      • KiwiSaver for Kids
    • KiwiSaver Schemes
      • Amanah KiwiSaver Scheme
      • AMP KiwiSaver Scheme
      • ANZ KiwiSaver Scheme
      • ASB KiwiSaver Scheme
      • AON KiwiSaver Scheme
      • BNZ KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Booster KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Fisher Funds KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Generate KiwiSaver Scheme
      • InvestNow KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Pie KiwiSaver Scheme Review
      • Kernel KiwiSaver Review
      • Kernel KiwiSaver Plan vs Superlife KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Kiwi Wealth KiwiSaver Scheme
      • kōura Wealth KiwiSaver Review
      • SBS Wealth KiwiSaver Scheme Review
      • MAS KiwiSaver Scheme
        • MAS Review
      • Mercer KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Milford KiwiSaver Plan
      • New Zealand Defence Force KiwiSaver Scheme
      • GoalsGetter KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Pathfinder KiwiSaver Review
      • QuayStreet KiwiSaver Scheme
      • Simplicity KiwiSaver Review
      • Summer KiwiSaver Scheme
      • SuperLife Review
      • Westpac KiwiSaver Scheme
    • KiwiSaver Calculators
      • KiwiSaver Calculator
      • KiwiSaver Returns Calculator
  • Business
    • Compare Business Loans
      • Business Line of Credit
      • Business Borrowing Options
      • Small Business Loans
      • Operating Leases
      • Finance Leases
      • Operating Leases vs Financing Leases
      • Car Loan Repayment Calculator
      • Prospa Business Loans Review
      • Bizcap Business Loans Review
      • Taxi (Business Funding) Review
    • Business Insurance
      • Public Liability Insurance
      • Professional Indemnity Insurance
      • Business Interruption Insurance
    • Wise Business Account Review
    • Business Credit Cards
    • Business Essentials
      • Money Saving Tips For Businesses
      • Get Debtors to Pay Overdue Invoices
      • Working Capital
      • Liquidations and Receiverships
      • Can't Make Payroll Guide
      • Buying out a Business Partner
      • Business Brokers
    • PAYE & Taxes
      • PAYE Calculator
      • PAYE Tax Rates 2025 & 2026
      • Minimum Wage
      • Tax Codes in New Zealand
    • Business Calculators & Resources
      • GST Calculator
      • GST Due Dates 2025
      • Business Loan Calculator
      • ROI Calculator
      • IRR Calculator
      • Internal Rate of Return
      • Percent Off Calculator
      • Profit Margin Calculator
      • Current Ratio Calculator
      • Quick Ratio Calculator
    • Online Services
      • Domain Names
      • Trusted Web Designers
        • Auckland Web Designers
        • Hamilton Web Designers
        • Wellington Web Designers
        • Christchurch Web Designers
        • Tauranga Web Designers
        • Lower Hutt Web Designers
        • Dunedin Web Designers
      • Digital Identity Programs and Online Verification Tools
      • Trusted Auckland SEO Companies
      • Social Media Influencer Marketing
      • PayPal NZ Account Fees
      • Paypal vs Stripe Review
      • Hnry Review
      • n3 Trade Card Review
      • Plain English Awards
      • Retail Security Options and Costs
    • For Startups
      • How to Start a Business in New Zealand
      • Raising Capital
      • Product Market Fit
      • Crowdfunding vs Bank Financing
      • Blackbird vs Movac
      • How to Become an Angel Investor
      • How to Raise Money from Angel Investors
      • Alternatives to VC Funding
      • Hiring for a Startup
      • VCFO (Virtual CFO)
      • New Zealand Startup and Founder Incubators
      • Expanding Offshore
      • New Zealand Invoice Template
      • Business Podcasts
  • MSD
    • Navigating Work and Income Benefits
    • Jobseeker Support Benefit Rates 2025 and 2026
    • Jobseeker Support Guide
    • Accommodation Supplement Guide
    • SuperGold Card Review
    • Disability Allowance
    • MyMSD
    • Community Services Card
    • Hardship Assistance - Urgent Costs and Living Expense Assistance
    • Loans for Unemployed
    • Working for Families Guide
    • Childcare Subsidies in New Zealand
    • Super Rates 2025 and 2026
    • NZ Superannuation in a Nutshell
    • Government Departments Helping New Zealanders Directly
    • Food Grants Guide
    • Food Banks Directory
      • Food Banks Auckland
      • Food Banks Northland
      • Food Banks Hamilton Waikato
      • Food Banks Wellington
      • Food Banks Christchurch
  • Motoring
    • Buying and Selling a Car
      • Car Valuations
      • Buying a Used Car
      • Selling a Car
      • Turners Cars Review
      • CarJam Review
      • CarJam vs MotorWeb Car Report Comparison
      • Top Cars that Hold Their Value
      • Vehicle Leasing
      • Car Registration in New Zealand
      • The Women's Guide to Buying a Car
    • Car Dealerships Explained
    • Everyday Driving
      • Costs of Owning a Car
      • 20 Ways to Make Driving Cheaper
      • Gaspy App Review
      • Parking Tickets
      • AA Membership Review
      • Best Car Batteries
      • Best Electric Cars
      • Buyer’s Guide for the 2023 Toyota Hilux
      • Buyer’s Guide for the 2023 Toyota RAV4
      • Buyer’s Guide for the 2023 Ford Ranger
    • Warrant of Fitness
      • Guide to Warrant of Fitness
      • Warrant of Fitness Auckland
      • Warrant of Fitness Hamilton
      • Warrant of Fitness Tauranga
      • Warrant of Fitness Lower Hutt
      • Warrant of Fitness Wellington
      • Warrant of Fitness Christchurch
      • Warrant of Fitness Dunedin
  • Law
    • Wills Guide
    • Separation Agreements
    • Prenuptial Agreements
    • Divorce Guide
    • Trusts Guide
    • Enduring Power of Attorney Guide
    • Living Wills Guide
    • Probate
    • Agreeable Review
    • Footprint Online Wills Review
    • Perpetual Guardian
  • Travel
    • Moving Overseas
      • Working Holiday Visas
      • Working Holiday Visas for 30+ Year-Old New Zealanders
      • Moving to Australia
      • Moving to London
    • Air New Zealand Specific
      • Air NZ Upgrade Guide
      • How to Redeem Air New Zealand Airpoints Dollars
      • Fastest Way To Earn Air NZ Status Points
      • Air New Zealand Koru Membership Review
      • Airpoints Flexipay Guide
      • Air New Zealand Travel Tips
      • Air New Zealand Refunds & Credits
    • Lounges, Upgrades, Car Hire & More
      • How to Get Access to Airport Lounges
      • Air New Zealand Skycouch Review
      • No Nonsense Upgrade Guide
      • Car Rental Hire
      • Auckland Airport Car Parking
    • Best of New Zealand
      • Auckland Travel for Less
      • 100+ Free Things to do in Auckland
      • Queenstown Like a Local
    • Hotels & Dining
      • Accor Plus Review
      • First Table Guide
      • Hotel Booking Sites Compared
    • Foreign Currency Exchange
      • Currency Converter
      • Australian Dollars Exchange Rate
      • American Dollars Exchange Rate
      • British Pound Exchange Rate
      • Canadian Dollars Exchange Rate
      • Euro Exchange Rate
      • Fijian Dollars Exchange Rate
      • Hong Kong Dollar Exchange Rate
      • Korean Won Exchange Rate
      • Indian Rupee Exchange Rate
      • Japanese Yen Exchange Rate
      • Malaysian Ringgit Exchange Rate
      • South African Rand Exchange Rate
      • Singapore Dollars Exchange Rate
      • Thai Baht Exchange Rate
      • Chinese Yuan Exchange Rate
  • Travel Insurance
    • Compare Travel Insurance
    • AMEX Airpoints Platinum Travel Insurance Review
    • Travel Insurance by Destination
      • Australia and the Pacifc
        • Australia Travel Insurance
        • Fiji Travel Insurance
        • Rarotonga Travel Insurance
      • Asia
        • Bali Travel Insurance
        • China Travel Insurance
        • India Travel Insurance
        • Japan Travel Insurance
        • Malaysia Travel Insurance
        • Singapore Travel Insurance
        • South Korea Travel Insurance
        • Thailand Travel Insurance
        • Vietnam Travel Insurance
      • Americas & Africa
        • Canada Travel Insurance
        • Peru Travel Insurance
        • South Africa Travel Insurance
        • USA Travel Insurance
      • Europe
        • France Travel Insurance
        • Greece Travel Insurance
        • Italy Travel Insurance
        • UK Travel Insurance
    • Specific Risk Cover
      • Do I Need Travel Insurance?
      • Pregnancy Travel Insurance
    • Travel Insurer Reviews
      • Southern Cross Travel Insurance Review
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  • Banking & Savings
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  • KiwiSaver
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  • Power
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  • Essential Money Tips
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    • Money & Relationships
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    • Valuable Insights
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  • Financial Independence
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  • Trade Services
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What is an IPO? - The Definitive New Zealand Guide

No IPO is like another; this guide outlines how an IPO works, why companies do them, the pros and cons, what to watch out for as an investor, and some key New Zealand examples in recent years.
What is an IPO? NZ Guide
Updated 25 April 2025

When companies get to a certain size, and it makes sense for them to do so, they may list on a public stock exchange in what is known as an Initial Public Offering (IPO).

Why have we published a guide to IPOs?

Our view is that capital markets have never been more accessible to New Zealanders, but this brings a danger of inexperienced investors unknowingly buying shares in companies that possibly don't meet their long-term wealth creation goals. Many IPOs in New Zealand have ended in disaster - CBL and MOA are of two two recent examples. To help explain IPOs in detail, our guide covers:
  • ​What is an IPO?
  • Three Must-Know Facts to Help Understand How IPOs Work
  • IPOs - Advantages and Disadvantages for any Company Listing on the Sharemarket
  • Frequently Asked Questions

Background - The NZX and IPO History
  • The National New Zealand Stock Exchange was first established in 1983, amalgamating several regional stock exchanges that originated in the gold rush of the 1860s.
  • Since then, the NZX has listed hundreds of New Zealand companies and provided a platform for New Zealand companies to access further capital. 
  • Some notable IPOs on the NZX have been Xero, TradeMe, Air New Zealand, Fletcher Building and Spark (originally listed as Telecom). 

What is an IPO? NZ Guide

What is an IPO?

An IPO is typically the first time a company allows its stock to be traded to the general public (in this case – "public" refers to ordinary New Zealanders). Companies will look to issue new stock, similar to how companies raise Series A/B/C funding. The key difference here is they are raising from public investors rather than private investors. In a Series A, there may be two or three VC firms that "lead" a round, whereas in an IPO, there will be many smaller investors looking to get a piece of the IPO alongside institutional investors. Recent examples include thousands of New Zealanders buying shares during the IPO of My Food Bag, Cannasouth and Napier Port.

Know This: The majority of companies in the world are private. A private company is typically one which has grown through bootstrapping (using your own money), family and friends, angel investments or venture capital money. Companies that get to a certain size typically look for the next step in the growth journey, and sometimes the private markets can be limiting. However, just because a company is progressing with an IPO doesn't mean it's a reliable investment. There are many New Zealand companies who IPO'd because banks won't lend to them any more, and/or their original investors don't want to put any more money in. Be cautious about any IPO and never believe the hype - lots of money is made by existing investors by talking up the company to potential investors.

How an IPO Works
In an IPO, the first step is to price the company's shares. This is typically done by an investment bank that will conduct due diligence (look into the business's fundamentals and financial statements). A company will hire investment bankers to value the business, gauge demand from buyers, set the price and date, "underwrite" the transaction (underwriter breakdown below).

An IPO consists of two steps: (1) pre-market phase and (2) IPO itself.
  1. The first step is to advertise to underwriters (Investment Banks) that the company is looking to IPO and will receive submissions from these banks looking to win the company as a client and do the associated work.
  2. Once the underwriters are selected, they will lead the due diligence process (preparing documents, filing, marketing, valuation, etc.).
 
Steps of an IPO for a Company wanting to list on the sharemarket
  1. The company chooses its underwriter(s).
  2. The underwriter will value the company and choose the structure (with board approval).
  3. The company works with accountants, lawyers and the company to formulate documents.
  4. The company and its advisors prepare the initial filings and work with regulators (i.e. the FMA and NZX) to comply with listing requirements.
  5. Executives of the company (i.e. CEO, Chairman/woman) go on a "roadshow", which effectively involves management and the investment banks to pitch the company to prospective public investors (hedge funds, fund managers, pension funds etc.
  6. The company's bankers conduct a "Bookbuild" with the prospective investors to understand the indicative price and quantity each party is willing to buy and sell at. Once this is identified, a market can be identified, and an indicative price can be set for the IPO price. 

Know This: How to determine whether or not an IPO has the interests of new investors at its heart

There are many factors to consider. Some examples of things to consider include:
  1. The strategic rationale for the IPO - Are they raising capital to expand? If so – this is a good indicator. If they're raising money to pay out the early investors (i.e. MyFoodBag), then it can be a negative indicator.
  2. The founders' ownership stake: High levels of retained ownership post-IPO is (generally) a good sign. The owners are committed and are likely to do a better job of running the company. If the owners are reducing their stake, this is typically a cause for concern. If the founders had faith in the company, they would be holding onto their stakes. Whilst certain circumstances make sense (i.e. needing cash to settle a divorce, pay off debts, stepping down from top management), the majority of founder sell downs can be done for the wrong reasons. Example: The My Food Bag early investors sold 75% of their existing shares in the business on IPO day – which is typically a bad sign. The existing private equity investors and founders were able to sell down $282 million worth of shares on IPO day.
  3. Reasonable valuation – this one is more difficult to gauge, but typically equity research reports drafted from investment banks like Jarden, UBS and Goldman Sachs will outline the valuation. This is also commonly found in the Product Disclosure Statement (PDS). ​

When is the "right" time to buy into an IPO?

It depends on the company being listed. Some IPOs will increase by 100% on day one, while others will drop by 50%. Every IPO is unique, and each company will differ in the way it is valued, marketed and supported. There is no general "right time" for many reasons.

It's difficult to say whether an IPO will be overvalued, but in general – the investment banks do a very good job of pricing the company such that:
  1. The early investors are happy with the valuation and aren't angry if they're selling their stake too cheaply
  2. The institutional investors buying into the IPO aren't paying too much for the company (such that they will see it drop on day one)
  3. The company "pops" on the first day of trading, typically leading to positive media posts and reporting. 

Whilst this isn't the case in every IPO, a banker's priority is ensuring all stakeholders are happy. The majority of the time, a large drop on the first day of trading does not keep existing or new investors happy, so it is in the company's best interests to underprice the stock rather than overprice it. Whether this is the case for a particular company will vary. ​

What is an IPO? NZ Guide

Three Must-Know Facts to Help Understand How IPOs Work

1. ​Compliance requirements is designed to protect investors from dubious IPOs
As an IPO is an offer to the public, the company must ensure the accounts, financial projections, and representations are correct. Public investors may not have the understanding or specialisation necessary to understand a business, so to protect the general public/retail investors, certain compliance standards are required to list on the stock exchange. These requirements can be relatively expensive to do.

2. Underwriters play a vital role
Underwriters act as a bridge between the company and investors. The underwriters will typically commit to buying a portion of the IPO amount, effectively providing a floor for the company if public investors do not purchase the shares. This is to provide some certainty to the company that the IPO will do "well", and the price will stabilise. 

A "Greenshoe Option" is a provision in the underwriter agreement that allows the underwriter to sell investors more shares than initially planned if demand exceeds a certain threshold (typically up to 15% more). This provides stability and liquidity to the markets and provides buying power to the underwriters in the case that share prices fall. 

3. There is usually a lock-up period to protect new shareholders
Underwriters (i.e. investment banks) are likely to get existing investors to sign agreements preventing them from selling their stakes (known as an escrow period) to stabilise the stock price once it has publicly listed. Lock-up agreements are legally binding contracts. Typical lock-up periods can range widely, but typical lock-up periods last anywhere from 3-24 months (with 12 months being most common). There is typically significant volatility (large price movements) around lock-up dates. ​

Why do lock-up periods exist?
To protect the share price in at least the short to medium-term, the promoters of an IPO require original investors to withhold from selling their shares and dropping the share price. For example, if a company had an IPO on March 10 and then an early shareholder sold millions of shares on March 15, the share price would, in most cases, fall significantly. To protect investors, lockup periods give certainty about how many shares will be sold off by the original investors.

What is an IPO? NZ Guide

IPOs - Advantages and Disadvantages for any Company Listing on the Sharemarket

IPOs have advantages to both companies and investors, but there are also clear disadvantages. We list the below to bring light to the reasons why some companies IPO and the risks, obligations and costs associated with doing so.

​Advantages of IPOs

Access to deeper capital pools - There are millions of potential investors for a public stock. An IPO opens the gates for companies to get greater access to funding and grow faster where the private markets may have limited ability to provide funding. The public market presents an opportunity for these millions of investors to invest in a company's equity. These investors may not have had the prior access to invest in the stock, and as such, demand may significantly outstrip supply on IPO day. 

Brand Visibility - Taking a company public typically improves the company's exposure, prestige, and public image, which can, in turn, help the company's sales and profits. An IPO is also seen as a "milestone" for many companies (alongside $1bn USD Private unicorn valuation, becoming profitable etc.).

Cash-Out Opportunity - An IPO provides a chance for early employees and founders to have the option to cash out (providing liquidity to these early investors when and if they need it).

Increased Transparency - Listing on a public stock exchange improves the company's overall transparency for investors. It also raises the standard of oversight for the board of directors, which can lead to better governance.

Disadvantages of IPOs

The Process is Expensive - IPOs typically have fees associated with the listing, mainly contributing to ongoing maintenance and compliance. These can typically be a lot higher than raising money through private placements (e.g. $16m in listing fees was paid by MFB to IPO on the NZX).

Compliance Costs - Higher scrutiny and increased disclosure requirements exist as a result of being a public company. Ensuring the correct information is presented in the right formats will typically cost a company more money than if they were to stay private. 

Reporting Takes Time - When you're private, you only have to appease your investors, whereas once you're public, you're obligated to disclose things you likely didn't need to as a private company. This can be a significant drain on staffing and resources. 

Misaligned Incentives - A public company may have compensation packages of their executives tied to shareholder value. As a result, the stock price's daily fluctuations can impact employee morale, board incentives, and workplace culture. This may lead to short-sighted thinking by management (where they may only focus on improving next quarter's results at the company's expense). These skewed incentives may impact the company's long term future profitability and competitiveness. ​

Examples of Recent New Zealand IPOs

My Food Bag (MFB)
  • My Food Bank listed on the New Zealand Stock Exchange (NZX) and the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) on the 4th of March 2021 at an IPO price of $1.85.
  • The price subsequently declined and is sitting at $1.57 as of the 26th of March 2021 (a decline of around 15% since listing at the start of the month).
  • The listing fees (to the NZX) were over $16 million. The company raised $342 million at a valuation of $450m.
  • Waterman Capital (Private Equity firm) and founders selling down their stakes. This is a red flag as outlined by this Stuff.co.nz opinion column.

Cannasouth (CBD)
  • Cannasouth was listed on the NZX on the 19th of June 1019 at a share price of $0.50.
  • The price subsequently declined to $0.40 on IPO day and is currently sitting at around $0.50 as of the 26th of March 2021.
  • On IPO day, Cannasouth did not have any existing revenue and lacked assets.

What is an IPO? NZ Guide

Frequently Asked Questions

IPOs are popular in overseas markets (the ASX and NYSE see IPOs weekly), but few and far between in New Zealand. When they are announced, the media often debates the prospects of the underlying business and its management. To help you understand whether or not the company being IPO's has strong foundations, we address (in detail) the most common queries below.

The founders are exiting as part of the IPO. Is this an issue?

It depends. In most instances, it is completely normal for a founder to sell a smaller stake to the general public. This is usually to demonstrate that they support the IPO by offering shares and providing liquidity to the founder (a founder may have been working for a decade without a significant payday apart from an average salary).

​If the founder still maintains a 
relatively large stake in the business and is committed to growing the business, there is usually no issue with a small exit. However, where the founder is substantially reducing its stake or exiting the business entirely can pose an issue. The question then is - why would I invest if the owners are selling out?

NZX vs ASX vs NYSE – which exchange is best for an IPO?

​Almost always – the bigger, the better. A larger exchange comes with more complexity and compliance and comes with better liquidity, brand presence and prospective buyers. Many New Zealand-based companies seek to do dual-listings on the ASX and NZX or directly list on the ASX (companies like Laybuy have taken the latter approach). Alternatively, Rocket Lab has recently listed on the NYSE through a Special Purpose Acquisition Company (SPAC). 

What is a Dual-Listing?

​A dual listing is where a company lists on more than one exchange – typically made up of more than one legally registered corporation that operates as a single business. For example – My Food Bag is dual-listed on the ASX and the NZX. 

How do I get access to invest in an IPO?

​Typically you won't be able to get into IPOs at the "bookbuild" stage, but you'll likely be able to get access to the share if you have a sharebroker who is allocated shares. If you don't have such an arrangement, you can buy the share on the first day of trading. Most retail trading platforms provide this access, including Sharesies, Hatch, Stake, as well as ASB Securities and Invest Direct.

What is a Direct Listing? Is it the same as an IPO?

​A direct listing is an IPO without any underwriters (no investment banks). A company effectively sells stock on the public exchange with no price guidance (no valuations are done, there are no marketing materials, nor is there underwriting). Direct listings are typically considered riskier as no bookbuild is done, meaning the share price is entirely set by the market. This can lead to massive increases or drops in the stock price on day one. Given the lack of roadshow and marketing, companies that have a well-known brand in an attractive market are likely to do well.

Related Guides​
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  • How to Trade or Invest in the NZX​
  • ​How to Read and Understand a Share Chart
  • How to Invest in Australian Shares and the ASX from New Zealand
  • How to Invest in US Markets from New Zealand
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  • Credit Cards
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        • Where is AMEX Accepted?
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        • Qantas Credit Cards
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    • Travel Money By Country
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  • Banking & Savings
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      • LifeDirect Mortgages Review
    • Buying a Home
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  • KiwiSaver
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    • Best of New Zealand
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  • Travel Insurance
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  • Mobile & SIM
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  • Power
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    • Power Companies
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  • Essential Money Tips
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      • 20 Frugal Decisions That Often Backfire
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      • 20 Supermarket Ripoffs
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    • Money & Relationships
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      • Don’t Let Supporting Your Adult Children Ruin Your Retirement
      • Lending Money to Friends & Family
      • Guarantors - Loans and Mortgages
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    • Valuable Insights
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  • Financial Independence
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      • SortMe Review
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  • Life Essentials
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    • Shopping Resources
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    • Living Essentials
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      • Best Computer Desks
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      • Blinds, Curtains and Drapes Auckland
    • Health & Personal Care
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  • Trade Services
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